| 词条 | Edwin H. Stoughton |
| 释义 |
|name= Edwin Henry Stoughton |birth_date= {{birth date|1838|6|23}} |death_date= {{death date and age|1868|12|25|1838|6|23}} |birth_place= Chester, Vermont |death_place= Dorchester, Massachusetts[1] |placeofburial= Immanuel Cemetery, Rockingham, Vermont[2] |placeofburial_label= |image=Gen. Edwin Henry Stoughton.jpg |caption= |allegiance= United States of America Union |branch= United States Army Union Army |serviceyears= 1859–1863 |rank= Brigadier general (appointed, not confirmed) |commands= 4th Vermont Infantry 2nd Vermont Brigade |unit= |battles= American Civil War
|awards= |laterwork= Attorney |relatives=Henry Evander Stoughton (father) }} Edwin Henry Stoughton (June 23, 1838{{spaced ndash}}December 25, 1868), was appointed a brigadier general in the Union Army during the American Civil War but his appointment was not confirmed and it expired. Four days later, on March 8, 1863, in a famous incident, he was captured while asleep at his headquarters at the Fairfax Court House in Virginia by Confederate partisan ranger John S. Mosby. Stoughton resigned after his exchange two months later when he was not reappointed as a brigadier general. Early life and educationStoughton was born in Chester, Vermont, the son of Henry Evander and Laura (Clark) Stoughton.[3] Stoughton was appointed a cadet at the U.S. Military Academy on July 1, 1854, and graduated with the class of 1859. He served garrison duty as a brevet second lieutenant in the 4th U.S. Infantry from July to September 1859. He was promoted to second lieutenant, and transferred to the 6th U.S. Infantry. CareerAmerican Civil WarStoughton resigned his regular commission in March 1861, and in September was appointed commander of the 4th Vermont Infantry with the rank of colonel. He was only 23 at the time of his appointment, and said to be the youngest colonel in the army.[4] He led his command in the Peninsula Campaign, and his effective performance led to his selection for promotion and command of a brigade. In November 1862, he was appointed brigadier general of Volunteers, and he assumed command of the 2nd Vermont Brigade on December 7, replacing Colonel Asa P. Blunt. Stoughton's brother, Charles B. Stoughton, assumed command of the 4th Vermont Infantry in his stead. Stoughton's appointment was never confirmed by the U.S. Senate and it expired March 4, 1863, less than a week before Mosby's Fairfax Court House Raid.[5] Mosby's Rangers (led by Confederate officer John S. Mosby) led a daring raid into Union Territory and captured Stoughton at Fairfax Court House on March 9, 1863. Stoughton had hosted a party for his visiting mother and sister, who were staying at the home of Confederate spy Antonia Ford. After leaving the party, Stoughton retired to a nearby house that served as his headquarters. Mosby allegedly found Stoughton in bed, supposedly rousing him with a slap to his rear. Upon being so rudely awakened, the general shouted, "Do you know who I am?" Mosby quickly replied, "Do you know Mosby, general?" "Yes! Have you got the rascal?" "No but he has got you!" In his own written account of Stoughton's capture, 1888's Battles and Leaders of the Civil War, Mosby did not mention the supposed "spanking" incident. Allegedly, Stoughton was not popular with the officers and men of the brigade, and few mourned his loss. U.S. President Lincoln, on hearing of the capture, said that "he did not so much mind the loss of a brigadier general, for he could make another in five minutes; 'but those horses cost $125 apiece!'"[6] Colonel Blunt assumed command of the brigade again, turning it over to the new commander, Brigadier General George J. Stannard, on April 20, who led the brigade until the Battle of Gettysburg. After a two-month stay in Richmond's Libby Prison, Stoughton was exchanged, but saw no further service. The U.S. Senate had not confirmed his initial appointment and he was not re-appointed. He resigned from the Union Army in May 1863 and moved to New York.[5] Later life and deathStoughton was an attorney in New York City after the war, practicing with his father and with his uncle, Edwin W. Stoughton. He died of tuberculosis in Dorchester, Massachusetts on December 25, 1868. He is buried in Immanuel Cemetery, Rockingham, Vermont. The Grand Army of the Republic post in Bellows Falls, Vermont was named for him.[7] Notes1. ^Massachusetts Death Records, 1841-1915, Deaths registered in the Town of Dorchester for the Year 1868, entry for Edwin H. Stoughton, retrieved December 18, 2013 2. ^Thomas E. Spencer, [https://books.google.com/books?id=eLWao2lIGTEC&pg=PA624 Where They're Buried], 1998, page 624 3. ^The Genealogy Page 4. ^Crockett, iii:516 5. ^1 Eicher, John H., and David J. Eicher, Civil War High Commands. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001. {{ISBN|0-8047-3641-3}}. p. 611 6. ^Benedict, ii:429 7. ^The Vermonter magazine, [https://books.google.com/books?id=6J46AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA103 A Historic Spot Marked], October 1902, page 103 See also{{Portal|Biography|United States Army|American Civil War}}
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10 : 1838 births|1868 deaths|People of Vermont in the American Civil War|Union Army generals|United States Military Academy alumni|American Civil War prisoners of war|Vermont Brigade|2nd Vermont Brigade|19th-century deaths from tuberculosis|Burials in Vermont |
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