“Ein Yabrud”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Ein Yabrud is located (horizontally) {{convert|6.8|km|mi|sp=us}} west of Ramallah. It is bordered by Rammun and Taybeh to the east, Yabrud and Silwad to the north, Dura al-Qar' to the west, and Deir Dibwan, Beitin and Al-Bireh to the south.^[3]

History

Sherds from the Umayyad, Crusader/Ayyubid and Mamluk eras have also been found.^[4]

Ottoman era

Ein Yabrud, like the rest of Palestine, was incorporated into the Ottoman Empire in 1517, and in the census of 1596, the village was noted in the Nahiya of Quds of the Liwa of Quds under the name of 'Ayn Ibrud. The population was 24 households, all Muslim. The villagers paid a fixed tax rate of 33,3% on various agricultural products, such as wheat, barley, olive trees, vineyards, fruit trees, goats and/or beehives, in addition to "occasional revenues"; a total of 8,700 akçe.^[7]^[8]

In 1838, Edward Robinson noted Ein Yabrud "on the top of a hill".^[9] It was further noted as Muslim village, located in the Beni Murrah region, north of Jerusalem.^[10]

In 1863 Victor Guérin found it to have 800 inhabitants. He further noted that a number of houses were built with antique materials.^[11]

In 1882 the Palestine Exploration Fund's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) described 'Ain Yebrud as: "A village of moderate size on the top of a hill, well built, surrounded with fine groves of olives, with a well on the north-east."^[14]

In 1896 the population of 'Ain jabrud was estimated to be about 573 persons.^[15]

British Mandate era

In the 1922 census of Palestine, conducted by the British Mandate authorities, the population numbered 576 Muslims,^[16] increasing in the 1931 census to 788 inhabitants, in 178 houses.^[17]

In the 1945 statistics Ein Yabrud had a population of 930 Muslims,^[18] and a total land area of 11,488 dunams.^[19] 3,151 dunams were for plantations and irrigable land, 3,632 for cereals,^[20] while 88 dunams were built-up areas.^[21]

Jordanian era

In the wake of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and after the 1949 Armistice Agreements, Ein Yabrud came under Jordanian rule. Jordan confiscated lands of Ein Yabrud and nearby Silwad for the construction of a military camp before the Six-Day War.^[22]

Post-1967

After the 1995 accords, 34.3% of village land is defined as Area B land, while the remaining 65.7% is defined as Area C.^[24]

1252 dunham of village land has been confiscated by Israel for the Israeli settlement of Ofra, while 137 dunham of village land has been confiscated for the Israeli settlement of Beit El.^[25]

The Jordanian buildings formed the initial basis of the Israeli settlement of Ofra founded in 1975.^[22] Plans for further expansion of Ofra in this land in 2011 resulted in legal challenges and public dispute.^[22] Land belonging to the residents of the village has been used to construct hundreds of structures in the neighbouring Israeli settlement of Ofra.^[26]

References

1. ^Palmer, 1881, p. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp00conduoft#page/224/mode/1up 224]
2. ^2007 PCBS Census {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101210000000/http://www.pcbs.gov.ps/Portals/_PCBS/Downloads/book1487.pdf |date=December 10, 2010 }}. Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics. p.114.
3. ^‘Ein Yabrud village profile, ARIJ, p. 4
4. ^¹Finkelstein et al, 1997, p. 563
5. ^Dauphin, 1998, p. 832
6. ^Le Strange, 1890, p. [https://archive.org/stream/palestineundermo00lestuoft#page/550/mode/1up 550]
7. ^Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 121
8. ^Toledano, 1984, p. 289, gives the location as 31°57′15″N 35°14′20″E, noting a spring called Ayn Abrud located nearby, at 31°57′00″N 35°13′40″E
9. ^Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 2, p. [https://archive.org/stream/biblicalresearch03robiuoft#page/n97/mode/1up 80]
10. ^Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, Appendix 2, p. [https://archive.org/stream/biblicalresearch03robiuoft#page/125/mode/1up 125]
11. ^Guérin, 1869, pp. [https://archive.org/stream/descriptiongogr06gugoog#page/n55/mode/1up 42] -43
12. ^Socin, 1879, p. [https://archive.org/stream/zeitschriftdesde01deut#page/143/mode/1up 143] Also noted it in the Beni Murra region
13. ^Hartmann, 1883, p. [https://archive.org/stream/bub_gb_BZobAQAAIAAJ#page/n923/mode/1up 115] noted 67 houses
14. ^Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp02conduoft#page/291/mode/1up 291]
15. ^Schick, 1896, p. [https://archive.org/stream/zeitschriftdesde19deut#page/n228/mode/1up 121]
16. ^Barron, 1922, Table VII, Sub-district of Ramalllah, p. [https://archive.org/stream/PalestineCensus1922/Palestine%20Census%20%281922%29#page/n18/mode/1up 16]
17. ^Mills, 1932, p.[https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas 49]
18. ^Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 26
19. ^Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 64.
20. ^Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 112
21. ^Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 162
22. ^¹²State moves to expand settlement on Palestinian land confiscated by Jordan, Chaim Levinson, Jun 17, 2011, Haaretz.
23. ^Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics, 1964, p. 24
24. ^‘Ein Yabrud village profile, ARIJ, p. 18
25. ^‘Ein Yabrud village profile, ARIJ, p. 19
26. ^Israel's 'Ulpana neighborhood is built on years of land theft and forgery, Akiva Eldar, 24 April 2012, Haaretz
27. ^Israel arrests Hamas leader March 15, 2010, Al Jazeera

Location