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词条 Electric energy consumption
释义

  1. Overview

      World electricity consumption down in 2009  

  2. World electricity consumption (2012)

      Consumption per head    2012–2014  

  3. Electricity generation and GDP (2009)

  4. Electricity final consumption by categories (2008)

  5. Electricity consumption of OECD member countries (2008)

  6. Electricity scenarios until 2040

  7. See also

  8. References

  9. External links

{{Pie chart
| thumb =right
| caption =2015 World electricity generation by fuels (IEA, 2017)[1]
| other =
| label1 =Coal/Peat
| value1 =39.3
| color1 =#313c42
| label2 =Natural Gas
| value2 =22.9
| color2 =#ef8e39
| label3 =Hydro
| value3 =16.0
| color3 =#005CE6
| label4 =Nuclear
| value4 =10.6
| color4 =#de2821
| label5 =Oil
| value5 =4.1
| color5 =#7C6250
| label6 =Others (Renew.)
| value6 =7.1
| color6 =#00CC4B
}}

Electric energy consumption is the form of energy consumption that uses electric energy. Electric energy consumption is the actual energy demand made on existing electricity supply.

The total electricity consumption in 2012 was 20,900 TWh.

Overview

Electric energy is most often measured either in joules (J), or in watt hours (W·h) representing a constant power over a period of time.

1 W·s = 1 J

1 W·h = 3600 W·s = 3600 J

Electric and electronic devices consume electric energy to generate desired output (i.e., light, heat, motion, etc.). During operation, some part of the energy—depending on the electrical efficiency—is consumed in unintended output, such as waste heat.

Electricity has been generated in power stations since 1882.[2] The invention of the steam turbine in 1883 to drive the electric generator started a strong increase of world electricity consumption.

In 2008, the world total of electricity production was 20.279 petawatt-hours (PWh). This number corresponds to an average power of 2.31 TW continuously during the year. The total energy needed to produce this power is roughly a factor 2 to 3 higher because a power plant's efficiency of generating electricity is roughly 30–50%. The generated power is thus in the order of 5 TW. This is approximately a third of the total energy consumption of 15 TW (see world energy consumption).

In 2005, the primary energy used to generate electricity was 41.60 Quadrillion BTU [12, 192 TWh] (Coal 21.01 quads [6,157 TWh], Natural Gas 6.69 quads [1,960 TWh], Petroleum 1.32 quads [387 TWh], Nuclear electric power 8.13 quads [2,383 TWh], Renewable energy 4.23 quads [1,240 TWh] respectively). The gross generation of electricity in that year was 14.50 Quads [4,250 TWh]; the difference, 27.10 Quads [7,942 TWh], was conversion losses. Among all electricity, 4.84 Quads [1,418 TWh] was used in residential area, 4.32 Quads [1,266 TWh] used in commercial, 3.47 Quads [1,017 TWh] used in industrial and 0.03 Quads [8.79 TWh] used in transportation.

1 Quad = 1 Quadrillion BTU = 1 x 1015 BTU = 293 TWh

16,816 TWh (83%) of electric energy was consumed by final users. The difference of 3,464 TWh (17%) was consumed in the process of generating power and lost in transmission to end users.

A sensitivity analysis on an adaptive neuro-fuzzy network model for electric demand estimation shows that employment is the most critical factor influencing electrical consumption.[3] The study used six parameters as input data, employment, GDP, dwelling, population, HDD and CDD, with electricity demand as output variable.

World electricity consumption down in 2009

At the world level, energy consumption was cut down by 1.5% during 2009, for the first time since World War II.[4]

Except in Asia and Middle East, consumptions were reduced in all the world regions. In OECD countries, accounting for 53% of the total,

electricity demand scaled down by more than 4.5% in both Europe and North America while it shrank by above 7% in Japan. Electricity demand also dropped by more than 4.5% in CIS countries, driven by a large cut in Russian consumption. Conversely, in China and India (22% of the world's consumption), electricity consumption continued to rise at a strong pace (+6-7%) to meet energy demand related to high economic growth. In Middle East, growth rate was softened but remained high, just below 4%.

World electricity consumption (2012)

The table lists the top 37 electricity consuming countries, which use 19,000 TWh/a. i.e. 90% of the consumption of all more than 190 countries. The total consumption (including the amount consumed by the power plants) and the energy sources to generate this electricity is given per country. The data is from 2012.[5][6] The last column contains the number of millions of inhabitants.

Rank Country Total TWh Fossil Nuclear Renewable Inhabitants
(millions) 		per capita (MWh/a)
— WORLD 20,900 (20.9 PWh) 68% 11% 21% 7,040 2.97
1 China}} 4,830 (4.83 PWh) 78% 2% 20% 1,356 3.56
2 United States}} 4,070 (4 PWh) 66% 19% 13% 314 12.96
3 Japan}} 989 85% 1% [7] 12% 128 7.73
4 Russia}} 948 63% 16% 21% 144 6.58
5 India}} 940 81% 3% 16% 1,237 0.760
6 Canada}} 543 24% 15% 59% 34.9 15.56
7 Mexico}} 246 75% 2% 23% 117 2.10
8 Brazil}} 498 17% 1% 82% 199 2.50
9 Argentina}} 124 54% 4% 41% 41.1 3.02
10 Venezuela}} 102 35% 0 65% 30.0 3.40
11 Germany}} 585 57% 15% 25% 81.9 7.14
12 France}} 482 9% 75% 16% 65.4 7.37
13 United Kingdom}} 347 67% 19% 12% 63.7 5.45
14 Italy}} 321 68% 0 32% 60.9 5.27
15 Spain}} 261 48% 21% 31% 46.2 5.65
16 Ukraine}} 166 45% 47% 8% 45.6 3.64
17 Poland}} 148 89% 0 10% 38.5 3.84
18 Sweden}} 136 2% 38% 60% 9.5 14.3
19 Norway}} 119 2% 0 98% 5.0 23.8
20 Netherlands}} 115 81% 4% 14% 16.8 6.85
21 Belgium}} 88.9 35% 48% 14% 11.1 8.01
22 Finland}} 84.9 26% 33% 41% 5.4 15.7
23 Turkey}} 207 73% 0 27% 74.9 2.76
24 United Arab Emirates}} 93.7 100% 0 0 9.2 10.18
25 South Korea}} 517 70% 28% 2% 50 10.3
26 Taiwan}} 241 79% 16% 5% 23.4 10.3
27 Iran}} 186 94% 1% 5% 80.8 2.30
28 Indonesia}} 181 89% 0 11% 247 0.733
29 Thailand}} 169 95% 0 5% 67.7 2.50
30 Malaysia}} 126 84% 0 16% 29.2 4.32
31 Vietnam}} 104 60% 0 40% 93.4 1.11
32 Kazakhstan}} 85.4 88% 0 12% 16.8 5.08
33 Pakistan}} 80.1 64% 6% 29% 179 0.447
34 Australia}} 236 89% 0 9% 23.1 10.2
35 South Africa}} 240 83% 5% 12% 52.3 4.59
36 Egypt}} 146 88% 0 12% 80.7 1.81
37 Iceland}} - - - 100% - -

Consumption per head

Total consumption (2nd column) divided by number of inhabitants (last column) gives a country's consumption per head. In W-Europe this is between 5 and 8 MWh/a. (1 MWh equals 1000 kWh.) In Scandinavia, USA, Canada, Taiwan and South Korea it is much more, in developing countries much less. The worlds average is 3 MWh/a. A very low consumption per head, as in Indonesia, means that many inhabitants are not connected to the electricity grid, and this is the reason that the world's 7th and 8th most populous countries—Nigeria (177M) and Bangladesh (156M)—do not appear in the table.

2012–2014

From 2012 to 2014 worldwide electricity consumption increased 5%. Nuclear and fossil generated electricity rose 3%, renewable electricity 12%.

A small part of the renewables, solar and wind electricity, increased much more, 46%[8] in line with the strong growth since 1990.[9]

In Brazil, wind power increased 140%, in China not only solar and wind increased fast, 81%, but also nuclear, 36%.

Electricity generation and GDP (2009)

Listed countries are top 20 populous countries and/or top 20 GDP (PPP) countries and Saudi Arabia as of CIA World Factbook 2009.

30 countries (exclude EU/IEA) in this table represent 77% of world population, 84% of world GDP, 83% of world electricity generation.

Productivity per Electricity generation (concept similar to Energy intensity) can be measured by dividing GDP amount by the electricity generated. World average was $3.5 production/kWh.

Electricity generation include Final consumption, in process consumption, and losses.

 Electricity Generation (2008) and GDP (PPP) (2009)
CountryPopulation
million		rank*GDP (PPP)
billion USD		rank*GDP (PPP)
per capita		rank*Electricity
generation
(GWh/yr)		rank**daily kWh
per capita		rank**GDP (PPP)
/kWh*
{{flag|China}} 1,339 1 $7,992 2 $5,969 133 3,444,108 2 7.04 17 $2.3
{{flag|India}} 1,166 2 $3,304 4 $2,834 166 860,723 5 2.02 23 $3.8
{{flag|USA}} 307 3 $14,440 1 $47,036 11 4,401,698 1 39.25 2 $3.3
{{flag|EU}}* 541 — $16,221 — $29,983 — 3,635,604 — 18.40 — $4.5
{{flag|Indonesia}} 240 4 $917 15 $3,821 158 149,437 20 1.70 24 $6.1
{{flag|Brazil}} 199 5 $1,998 9 $10,040 102 505,083 9 6.95 18 $4.0
{{flag|Pakistan}} 176 6 $431 27 $2,449 172 91,626 24 1.43 26 $4.7
{{flag|Bangladesh}} 156 7 $226 49 $1,449 196 35,893 27 0.63 27 $6.3
{{flag|Nigeria}} 149 8 $336 35 $2,255 176 21,110 28 0.39 28 $15.9
{{flag|Russia}} 140 9 $2,271 6 $16,221 72 1,022,726 4 20.00 10 $2.2
{{flag|Japan}} 127 10 $4,340 3 $34,173 36 1,083,142 3 23.35 6 $4.0
{{flag|Mexico}} 111 11 $1,567 11 $14,117 77 257,812 14 6.36 19 $6.1
{{flag|Philippines}} 98 12 $318 37 $3,425 162 60,819 26 1.70 25 $5.2
{{flag|Vietnam}} 87 13 $242 45 $2,782 167 76,269 25 2.40 22 $3.2
{{flag|Ethiopia}} 85 14 $70 78 $824 216 3,777 30 0.12 30 $18.5
{{flag|Egypt}} 83 15 $445 26 $5,361 135 130,144 22 4.29 21 $3.4
{{flag|Germany}} 82 16 $2,925 5 $35,671 33 617,132 7 20.61 8 $4.7
{{flag|Turkey}} 77 17 $904 16 $11,740 92 198,085 19 7.04 16 $4.6
{{flag|DR Congo}} 69 18 $21 120 $304 226 6,939 29 0.28 29 $3.0
{{flag|Iran}} 75 19 $844 17 $12,788 86 211,972 17 8.79 15 $4.0
{{flag|Thailand}} 66 20 $549 24 $8,318 115 149,034 21 6.18 20 $3.7
{{flag|France}} 64 21 $2,133 8 $33,328 38 526,862 8 22.54 7 $4.0
{{flag|UK}} 61 22 $2,236 7 $36,656 30 400,390 11 17.97 13 $5.6
{{flag|Italy}} 58 23 $1,827 10 $31,500 41 359,161 12 16.95 14 $5.1
{{flag|South Korea}} 49 25 $1,338 13 $27,306 49 443,888 10 24.80 5 $3.0
{{flag|Spain}} 41 32 $1,402 12 $34,195 35 303,179 13 20.25 9 $4.6
{{flag|Canada}} 33 37 $1,303 14 $39,485 22 620,684 6 51.50 1 $2.1
{{flag|Saudi Arabia}} 29 41 $578 22 $19,931 59 204,200 18 19.28 12 $2.8
{{flag|Taiwan}} 23 49 $714 19 $31,043 42 238,458 16 28.39 4 $3.0
{{flag|Australia}} 21 54 $803 18 $38,238 25 257,247 15 33.54 3 $3.1
{{flag|Netherlands}} 17 59 $674 20 $39,647 20 123,496 23 19.89 11 $5.66
World 6,784 — $70,048 — $10,325 — 20,279,640 — 8.18 — $3.5
  • Population and GDP data are from CIA World Factbook 2009
  • Electricity data are from IEA/OECD 2008[10] (retrieved on April 2011)
  • rank of Population and GDP are World ranking
  • rank of Electricity consumption are ranking within this list
  • GDP PP/kWh Amount of GDP (PPP) (USD) produced per every kilowatt-hour
  • EU only considers EU states which are member of the IEA (Austria, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom) but also includes non-EU members of the IEA (Norway, Switzerland and Turkey).

Electricity final consumption by categories (2008)

About 17% of total electricity production is consumed by in-processes, such as self-consumption of power plants, grid losses and storage losses. In 2008, total electricity generation accounted for 20,261 TWh (20.26 PWh), while 3,464 TWh (3.46 PWh) were self-consumption and losses and 16,816 TWh (16.82 PWh) went to final consumption.[10]

In the consumption rate in Industry, China is highest with 67.8%, South Korea is 51.0% (7th), Germany 46.1% (11th), Japan 31.5% (26th), USA 24.0% (28th) In the Commercial and Public Service, Japan is highest with 36.4%, USA 35.6% (3rd), China 5.4% (29th). For Domestic usage, Saudi Arabia is highest with 56.9%, USA 36.2% (8th), Japan 29.8% (16th), China 15.5% (29th), Korea 13.8% (30th).

Definition
  • Industry: iron and steel, chemical and petrochemical, non-ferrous metals, non-metallic minerals, transport equipment, machinery, mining, Food and tobacco, Paper, pulp and print, wood and wood product, construction, textile and leather, non-specified.
  • Transport: domestic aviation, Land transportation, Rail, Pipeline transport, domestic navigation, non-specified. note international marine and aviation bunkers are not included.
  • Fishery: some country include fishing with agriculture or forestry.
 Electricity Consumption 2008 (TWh)
Country/ Geographical RegionTotal
(TWh)		IndustryTransportCommercial
/Public
Services		Agriculture
/Forestry		FisheryResidentialother
{{flag|China}} 2,842 67.8% 1.05% 5.4% 3.12% 0.000% 15.5% 7.19%
{{flag|India}} 602 46.4% 1.93% 8.0% 17.92% 0.000% 20.7% 5.05%
{{flag|USA}} 3,814 24.0% 0.20% 35.0% 0.00% 0.000% 36.2% 4.59%
{{flag|Indonesia}} 129 37.2% 0.00% 23.9% 0.00% 0.000% 38.9% 0.00%
{{flag|Brazil}} 410 48.1% 0.39% 23.7% 4.49% 0.000% 23.3% 0.00%
{{flag|Pakistan}} 70 27.5% 0.01% 14.2% 12.50% 0.000% 45.9% 0.00%
{{flag|Bangladesh}} 32 56.3% 0.00% 6.0% 3.37% 0.000% 32.9% 0.00%
{{flag|Nigeria}} 19 20.0% 0.00% 24.7% 0.00% 0.000% 55.3% 0.00%
{{flag|Russia}} 725 49.6% 11.45% 20.6% 2.14% 0.037% 16.1% 0.00%
{{flag|Japan}} 964 31.5% 1.95% 36.4% 0.09% 0.000% 29.8% 0.23%
{{flag|Mexico}} 200 61.3% 0.55% 10.3% 4.05% 0.000% 23.7% 0.00%
{{flag|Philippines}} 49 34.6% 0.23% 28.7% 2.30% 0.311% 33.8% 0.00%
{{flag|Vietnam}} 68 51.8% 0.75% 8.1% 0.97% 0.000% 38.4% 0.00%
{{flag|Ethiopia}} 3.1 38.0% 0.00% 23.6% 0.00% 0.000% 37.7% 0.74%
{{flag|Egypt}} 112 33.4% 0.00% 15.4% 4.13% 0.000% 39.2% 7.84%
{{flag|Germany}} 526 46.1% 3.14% 22.6% 1.66% 0.000% 26.5% 0.00%
{{flag|Turkey}} 159 45.4% 0.60% 25.6% 3.54% 0.102% 24.8% 0.00%
{{flag|DR Congo}} 6.1 63.4% 0.00% 3.1% 0.00% 0.000% 33.5% 0.00%
{{flag|Iran}} 164 33.2% 0.15% 19.0% 12.92% 0.001% 32.3% 2.50%
{{flag|Thailand}} 135 42.4% 0.04% 35.6% 0.21% 0.000% 21.3% 0.54%
{{flag|France}} 433 32.6% 3.06% 25.0% 0.88% 0.028% 35.9% 2.57%
{{flag|UK}} 342 33.2% 2.47% 28.6% 1.19% 0.000% 34.5% 0.00%
{{flag|Italy}} 309 45.8% 3.50% 26.8% 1.81% 0.022% 22.1% 0.00%
{{flag|South Korea}} 407 51.0% 0.55% 32.5% 1.61% 0.449% 13.8% 0.00%
{{flag|Spain}} 265 38.9% 1.10% 29.5% 2.29% 0.000% 27.1% 1.08%
{{flag|Canada}} 519 36.3% 0.81% 30.0% 1.86% 0.000% 31.0% 0.00%
{{flag|Saudi Arabia}} 170 12.4% 0.00% 28.5% 2.04% 0.000% 56.9% 0.14%
{{flag|Taiwan}} 210 55.7% 0.52% 13.7% 0.78% 0.459% 20.3% 8.48%
{{flag|Australia}} 212 44.7% 1.33% 25.6% 0.88% 0.000% 27.4% 0.00%
{{flag|Netherlands}} 109 38.6% 1.48% 30.0% 7.15% 0.000% 22.7% 0.00%
World 16,816 41.7% 1.60% 23.4% 2.50% 0.025% 27.4% 3.43%
Notes:
  • For more recent data World Electricity production 2012 [11]
  • Listed are top 20 countries, either by population or by GDP (PPP), as well as Saudi Arabia.

Electricity consumption of OECD member countries (2008)

Electric energy consumption per inhabitant by primary energy source in some countries and areas in 2008 is in the table.

1 MW·h/yr = 114 watt

For the OECD with 8 991 kWh/yr/person: 1.026 watt/person.

Electric energy per capita for 2008, in kilowatt-hour per person[12]
#TerritoryUseProductionImport/
Export		Non-RE*RE % *
TotalFossilNuclearRE-BioBio+waste
1 Iceland 53,129 53,129 0 0 53,129 0 0 0 100%
2 Norway 27,398 30,355 151 0 30,130 74 -2,957 -2,806 110.2%
3 Canada 18,111 19,092 4,653 2,834 11,333 272 -981 6,507 64.1%
4 Finland* 17,036 14,612 5,182 4,345x 3,356 1,727 2,424 11,953 29.8%
5 Sweden 16,018 16,225 527 6,922 7,687 1,088 -206 7,244 54.8%
6 USA 14,378 14,270 10,162 2,746 1,139 224 108 13,015 9.5%
7 Switzerland 9,052 9,198 130 3,688 5,057 322 -146 3,672 59.4%
8 OECD 8,991 8,982 5,554 1,905 1,340 182 9 7,468 16.9%
9 Belgium 8,961 7,962 2,997 4,295 252 418 999 8,291 7.5%
10 Japan 8,507 8,507 5,669 2,010 682 147 0 7,679 9.7%
11 France 8,233 8,984 853 6,872 1,168 91 -751 6,974 15.3%
12 Netherlands 7,463 6,513 5,590 252 275 396 950 6,792 9.0%
13 Germany 7,450 7,693 4,635 1,804 873 381 -243 6,196 6.8%
14 EU-15 7,409 7,321 3,798 2,121 1,141 261 89 6,007 18.9%
15 Denmark 6,912 6,656 4,680 0 1,272 706 256 4,934 28.6%
16 United Kingdom 6,573 6,392 5,069 860 266 198 180 6,108 7.1%
17 Spain 6,523 6,764 4,066 1,286 1,318 94 -241 5,111 21.6%
18 Italy 6,054 5,384 4,271 0 992 120 671 4,942 18.4%
19 Poland 4,033 4,064 3,865 0 96 103 -32 3,833 5.0%
  • RE-Bio includes hydro power, wind power, solar power and geothermal electricity
  • Bio+waste includes biofuel and waste
  • Non-RE (Non-Renewable electricity) = electricity use – (RE-Bio) – (Bio+waste)
  • RE % = (own RE production (RE+ Bio+waste) / electricity use) 100%
  • Obs. No specification if waste includes fossil wastes (e.g. The share of fossil wastes in Finland in 2006 was 2% of electricity use 1.78/90TWh). Norway exported 2.8 TWh per person renewable electricity.
  • In Finland 1,600 MW nuclear reactor under construction since 2002

Electricity scenarios until 2040

In all scenarios, increasing efficiency will result in less electricity needed for a given demand of power and light. But demand will increase strongly on account of

  • growing economy in developing countries and
  • electrification of transport and heating. Combustion engines are replaced by electric drive and for heating less gas and oil, but more electricity is used, if possible with heat pumps.

As transport and heating become more climate-friendly, the environmental effect of energy consumption will be more determined by electricity. This is mainly supplied by burning fossil fuel which disturbs the natural carbon cycle. The scenarios arrive at very different results for the environment.

The International Energy Agency expects revision of subsidy for fossil fuel which amounted to 550 billion dollar in 2013, more than four times renewable energy subsidy. In this scenario[13] almost half of the increase in 2040 of electricity consumption is covered by more than 80% growth of renewable energy. Many new nuclear plants will be constructed, mainly to replace old ones. The nuclear part of electricity generation will increase from 11 to 12%. The renewable part goes up much, from 21 to 33%. The IEA warns that in order to restrict global warming to 2 °C, the carbon dioxide emission[14] must not exceed 1000 gigaton (Gt) from 2014. This limit is reached in 2040 and emissions will not drop to zero ever.

The World Energy Council[15] sees world electricity consumption increasing to more than 40,000 TWh/a in 2040. The fossil part of generation depends on energy policy. It can stay around 70% in the so-called Jazz scenario where countries rather independently "improvise" but it can also decrease to around 40% in the Symphony scenario if countries work "orchestrated" for more climate friendly policy. Carbon dioxide emission, 32 Gt/a in 2012, will increase to 46 Gt/a in Jazz but decrease to 26 Gt/a in Symphony. Accordingly, until 2040 the renewable part of generation will stay at about 20% in Jazz but increase to about 45% in Symphony.

See also

{{Div col|colwidth=26em}}
  • Electricity generation
  • List of countries by electric energy consumption
  • List of countries by electricity production
  • List of countries by energy consumption and production
  • List of countries by energy consumption per capita
  • List of countries by total primary energy consumption and production
  • List of countries by energy intensity
  • List of countries by carbon dioxide emissions
  • List of countries by greenhouse gas emissions
  • List of countries by renewable electricity production
  • World energy consumption
  • Worldwide energy supply
{{Div col end}}

References

1. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/KeyWorld2017.pdf |title = 2017 Key World Energy Statistics |publisher = International Energy Agency (IEA) |page = 30 |format = PDF |date = 2017 |archiveurl = https://www.webcitation.org/6YIEFsQ6b?url=http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/KeyWorld2017.pdf |archivedate = 20 May 2018 |deadurl = no |df = }}
2. ^{{cite web|title=Electricity Generation|url=http://instituteforenergyresearch.org/electricity-generation|website=Institute for Energy Research|publisher=Institute for Energy Research|accessdate=27 October 2015|language=English|date=2 September 2014}}
3. ^{{cite journal|last1=Zahedi|first1=Gholamreza|last2=Azizi|first2=Saeed|last3=Bahadori|first3=Alireza|last4=Elkamel|first4=Ali|last5=R. Wan Alwi|first5=Sharifah|title=Electricity demand estimation using an adaptive neuro-fuzzy network: A case study from the Ontario province – Canada|journal=Energy|year=2013|volume=49|pages=323–328 |doi=10.1016/j.energy.2012.10.019}}
4. ^Enerdata Statistical Review 2012
5. ^IEA World energy statistics
6. ^IEA Statistics search
7. ^25% before the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster
8. ^Compare World: IEA Statistics search, World, Electricity and Heat, 2012 and 2014.
9. ^IEA Key Renewables Trends
10. ^1 IEA/OECD IEA Statistics/Electricity and Heat by country
11. ^World Electricity production 2012
12. ^Energiläget i siffror 2009 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110120075104/http://213.115.22.116/System/TemplateView.aspx?p=Energimyndigheten&view=default&cat=%2FBroschyrer&id=d65d018c86434ed2ae31baeba2456872 |date=January 20, 2011 }} Energimyndigheten Sweden, Table 25: Specific electricity production per inhabitant with breakdown by power source, 2008, kWh/person, Source: Electricity information 2009 IEA/OECD
13. ^IEA World energy outlook
14. ^by fossil fuel
15. ^World energy scenarios

External links

  • World Electricity production 2012
  • World Map and Chart of Energy Consumption by country by Lebanese-economy-forum, World Bank data
{{Electricity delivery}}

5 : Electric power|Energy consumption|Electric power by country|Energy development|Energy policy
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