| 词条 | Elektronorgtechnica |
| 释义 |
| name = Elektronorgtechnica | logo = Elorg_logo.png | type = | industry = Import/Export of electronics | fate = Sold to The Tetris Company in 2005 | predecessor = | successor = | founded = 1971 | founder = | defunct = 2005 | hq_location_city = Moscow | hq_location_country = Russia | area_served = | key_people = | products = | owner = | num_employees = | num_employees_year = | parent = Ministry of Foreign Trade of the USSR (until 1989) | website = }}Elektronorgtechnica (also spelled Electronorgtechnica, {{Lang-rus|Всесою́зное Объедине́ние «Электро́норгтехника»|r=Vsesoyúznoye Obyedinéniye "Elektrónorgtekhnika"}}), better known abbreviated as ELORG (Элорг), was a state-owned organization with a monopoly on the import and export of computer hardware and software in the Soviet Union.[1] It was controlled by the Ministry of Foreign Trade of the USSR from 1971 to 1989.[2] The company was associated with the export of Soviet design calculators, Electronika being one brand that was exported, rebranding them as ELORG products.[3] Elorg also marketed the Agat computer,[4] and imported IBM computers into the Soviet Union, starting with the IBM System/360 Model 50 in 1971.[5] In 1991 Elorg was turned into a private business by its director, Nikoli Belikov.[6] Elorg was sold to the Tetris Company in January 2005 for $15 million.[7] TetrisELORG was responsible for the licensing of the popular video game Tetris.[8] Tetris was written by salaried programmers at the Soviet Academy of Sciences, which was not allowed to carry out commercial activities directly.[1] As the game was owned by the state, all rights to the game worldwide were handled by ELORG.[9] In 1996 ELORG was reportedly a privatised Russian company which has retained the rights to the Tetris trademark.[10][11] ELORG was a partner in The Tetris Company which licences the Tetris name to game companies, along with Tetris creator Alexey Pajitnov and businessman Henk Rogers. Elorg was a 50 percent owner in the company until Rogers and Pajitnov bought ELORG's remaining rights around 2005.[12][13] References1. ^1 {{cite news|title=Интеллектуальная собственность / Тетрис|url=http://kommersant.ru/doc/11471|accessdate=17 September 2017|work=Kommersant|date=12 September 1995|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170918064619/https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/11471|archivedate=18 September 2017|df=}} 2. ^{{cite web|title=Список министерств и ведомств, их структурных подразделений и подведомственных организаций, документы которых переданы|url=http://economy.gov.ru/wps/wcm/connect/cf224939-c861-4a3d-8d37-1a11d3bb36ca/archlist2016.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CACHEID=cf224939-c861-4a3d-8d37-1a11d3bb36ca|publisher=Economy.gov.ru|accessdate=17 September 2017|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170917214129/http://economy.gov.ru/wps/wcm/connect/cf224939-c861-4a3d-8d37-1a11d3bb36ca/archlist2016.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CACHEID=cf224939-c861-4a3d-8d37-1a11d3bb36ca|archivedate=17 September 2017|df=}} 3. ^Museum of Soviet Calculators on the Web - Export and Foreign {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060615093316/http://www.taswegian.com/MOSCOW/contentsassorted.html |date=2006-06-15 }}, accessed June 1, 2006 4. ^{{cite journal|title=New Chips|journal=Byte Magazine|date=1984|volume=9|issue=12|url=https://archive.org/stream/byte-magazine-1984-11/1984_11_BYTE_09-12_New_Chips#page/n135/mode/1up|accessdate=17 September 2017|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170217095727/https://archive.org/stream/byte-magazine-1984-11/1984_11_BYTE_09-12_New_Chips#page/n135/mode/1up|archivedate=17 February 2017|df=}} 5. ^{{cite news|title=Чаепитие в честь 20 лет IBM на российском рынке|url=https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/6669|accessdate=17 September 2017|date=7 September 1992|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170918020958/https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/6669|archivedate=18 September 2017|df=}} 6. ^{{cite book|last1=Books|first1=Worth|title=Summary and Analysis of The Tetris Effect: The Game that Hypnotized the World: Based on the Book by Dan Ackerman|date=2017|publisher=Open Road Media|isbn=9781504008716|page=30|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FpmxDgAAQBAJ&pg=PT30|language=en|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170921214120/https://books.google.com/books?id=FpmxDgAAQBAJ&pg=PT30|archivedate=2017-09-21|df=}} 7. ^{{cite web|title=CASE NO. 12-2-23972-0 SEA|url=http://www.summitlaw.com/uploads/pdf/2014-07-17-belikov-memorandum-opinion.pdf|website=Summitlaw.com|accessdate=21 September 2017|page=5|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170921214120/http://www.summitlaw.com/uploads/pdf/2014-07-17-belikov-memorandum-opinion.pdf|archivedate=21 September 2017|df=}} 8. ^Atari HQ: Tetris History {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120507094323/http://www.atarihq.com/tsr/special/tetrishist.html |date=2012-05-07 }}, accessed June 1, 2006 9. ^"Tetris Story" {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060821183909/http://vadim.oversigma.com/Tetris.htm |date=2006-08-21 }} by Vadim Gerasimov, accessed April 15, 2007 10. ^PR Newswire - "Tetris Inventor Gets His Due in Historic Russia/US Joint Venture" {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120212231337/http://www.prnewswire.co.uk/cgi/news/release?id=34683 |date=2012-02-12 }}, accessed June 1, 2006 11. ^The Tetris Taxonomy - "Putting the puzzle pieces back together: Alexey Pajitnov has a new game plan for Tetris." {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060622032234/http://arkmay.com/tetris/articles/alexey.html |date=2006-06-22 }}, accessed June 1, 2006 12. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/technology/rock-around-the-blocks/article1171379/page2/ |title=Rock around the blocks - The Globe and Mail |format= |work= |accessdate=2011-02-17 |location=Toronto |first=Matt |last=Hartley |date=2009-06-06}} 13. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/132518/the_man_who_won_tetris.php |title=The Man Who Won Tetris |publisher=Gamasutra |date=2009-09-10 |author=Remo, Chris |accessdate=2014-04-17 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140418234540/http://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/132518/the_man_who_won_tetris.php |archivedate=2014-04-18 |df= }} 10 : Companies of the Soviet Union|Computing in the Soviet Union|Computer companies of Russia|Companies based in Moscow|Defunct companies of Russia|Electronics companies disestablished in 2005|Electronics companies established in 1971|Ministry of Foreign Trade (Soviet Union)|1971 establishments in the Soviet Union|2005 disestablishments in Russia |
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