| 词条 | Elisha Hunt Allen |
| 释义 |
| name = Elisha Hunt Allen | image = Elisha Hunt Allen.jpg | image_size = 200px | caption = | office = Kingdom of Hawaii Minister to U.S. | term_start = 1856 | term_end = 1883 | president = Franklin Pierce James Buchanan Abraham Lincoln Andrew Johnson Ulysses S. Grant Rutherford B. Hayes James Garfield Chester A. Arthur | predecessor = William Little Lee | successor = Henry A. P. Carter | office1 = Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of The Kingdom of Hawai{{okina}}i | term_start1 = June 4, 1857 | term_end1 = February 22, 1877 | predecessor1 = William Little Lee | successor1 = Charles Coffin Harris | office2 = 3rd Hawaiian Minister of Finance | term_start2 = September 6, 1853 | term_end2 = June 11, 1857 | appointer2 = Kamehameha III | predecessor2 = Gerrit P. Judd | successor2 = Robert Crichton Wyllie | office3 = United States Council to Hawaii | term_start3 = 1850 | term_end3 = 1853 | president3 = Millard Fillmore | predecessor3 = Joel Turrill | successor3 = Benjamin Franklin Angel | office4 = Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Maine's 8th congressional district | term_start4 = March 4, 1841 | term_end4 = March 4, 1843 | predecessor4 = Thomas Davee | successor4 = District eliminated | birth_date = {{birth date|1804|1|28}} | birth_place = New Salem, Massachusetts | death_date = {{death date and age|1883|1|1|1804|1|28}} | death_place = The White House, Washington, D.C. | resting_place= Mount Auburn Cemetery | spouse = {{marriage|Sarah Elizabeth Fessenden |1828|1845|reason=her death}} {{marriage|Mary Harrod Hobbs |March 11, 1857||reason=}} | children = 6, including William, Frederick | parents = Samuel Clesson Allen Mary Hunt Allen | occupation = Politician | nationality = American | signature = Signature of Elisha Hunt Allen.svg }} Elisha Hunt Allen (January 28, 1804 – January 1, 1883) was an American congressman, lawyer and diplomat, and judge and diplomat for the Kingdom of Hawaii. Early lifeElisha Hunt Allen was born January 28, 1804 in New Salem, Massachusetts. His father was Massachusetts minister, lawyer, and politician Samuel Clesson Allen (1772–1842) and mother was Mary (née Hunt) Allen (1774–1833). He attended New Salem Academy and graduated from Williams College in 1823.[1] CareerAllen was admitted to the bar in 1825 and commenced practice in Brattleboro, Vermont. In 1830 he moved to Bangor, Maine and entered into practice with John Appleton (born 1804), who would subsequently become Chief Justice of the Maine Supreme Court. Appleton would also marry Allen's sister Sarah in 1834.[2] Allen was a member of Bangor's first City Council, from 1834, and from 1835 to 1840 was a member of the Maine House of Representatives, representing Bangor. He served as its Speaker in 1838. From 1841 until 1843, he served in the U.S. House of Representatives as a member of the Whig party, but his district (Maine's 8th congressional district) was eliminated before the next election based on census data. He ran in the 1842 election against Hannibal Hamlin but was defeated.[3] Following this loss, Allen ran for the Maine Legislature once more, serving one term before moving from Bangor to Boston in 1847 and being elected to the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1849. Kingdom of HawaiiFrom 1850 to 1853, he was United States Consul in Honolulu, Hawaii under president Millard Fillmore. He realized the potential for the Hawaiian Islands to provide agricultural products to the growing number of people in the California Gold Rush and tried to negotiate a trade treaty but failed.[4] When he was replaced by an appointment from the Democratic Party president Franklin Pierce in August 1853, he decided to stay due to the severe shortage of legal professionals, and became a citizen of the Kingdom of Hawaii. Within weeks he was appointed Minister of Finance for King Kamehameha III replacing Gerrit P. Judd, and from 1854 to 1856 served in the House of Nobles.[5] He openly advocated annexation of the islands by the United States, and opposed French and British influence. However, when King Kamehameha IV (who was considered pro-British) came to the throne in 1855, the annexation idea was put on hold.[3] During Kamehameha IV and Queen Emma's wedding in 1856, he offered his own wedding band to the king to allow the ceremony to continue. In June 1856, Allen sailed back to New England and remarried in Philadelphia. The newly married couple returned to Honolulu, where from June 1857 through February 1877, Allen was Chief Justice of the Kingdom of Hawaii Supreme Court.[5] The Allens' first-born son, Frederick, was born ten days after Prince Albert Edward Kauikeaouli Kaleiopapa, and the two children became playmates.[8] The prince died when he was only four years old. Minister to the United StatesFrom 1856 until his death in 1883, Allen served as Minister Plenipotentiary from the Kingdom of Hawaii to the United States. In August 1864, he served as Chancellor for the coronation of King Kamehameha V under the new 1864 Constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii.[5] In 1864, he tried again to negotiate a trade treaty. During the American Civil War sugar shipments from the American South were interrupted, increasing the demand from Hawaii. In 1867, he bought a sugarcane plantation in an area called Princeville, Hawaii after the young Prince brought up with his son. He negotiated for the Reciprocity Treaty of 1875 which this time was signed by Ulysses S. Grant. The treaty removed tariffs but gave the U.S. the use of Pearl Harbor, which was not a popular concession with native Hawaiians. He left his son William Fessenden Allen from his first marriage in charge of the plantation, and went to Washington, D.C. to work out details of the trade agreement.[4] He returned briefly to Hawaii, but his two children from his second marriage were back in the United States, so he resigned his supreme court post and went back to Washington in February 1877. The plantation did not live up to his hopes. By 1879 it was losing money, in debt with a mortgage, and needed a new manager. He wondered if it was doomed to a fate similar to the prince for which it was named. Finally the plantation paid dividends starting in 1882.[4] Personal lifeIn 1828, he married Sarah Elizabeth Fessenden, the daughter of William Fessenden and niece of author Thomas Green Fessenden. They had four children before her death in 1845, including:[6]
In June 1856, he sailed back to New England and married Mary Harrod Hobbs (b. 1808) (sometimes spelled Hobbes) in Philadelphia on March 11, 1857.[14] Mary was daughter of another former Maine legislator Frederick Hobbs. Together, they were the parents of two children, including:
Shortly before his seventy-ninth birthday, he died while attending a New Year's Day diplomatic reception January 1, 1883 given by President Chester Arthur at the White House.[4] He is interred in Mount Auburn Cemetery in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Allen is one of ten people known to have died inside the White House.[16] See also
References1. ^{{CongBio|A000120|inline=on}} 2. ^{{cite book |title= History of Bowdoin college: With biographical sketches of its graduates, from 1806 to 1879, inclusive |editors= Nehemiah Cleaveland, Alpheus Spring Packard |page=237 |publisher= J. R. Osgood & Co. |year= 1882 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=kbhJAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA1-PA237 }} 3. ^1 {{cite book |title= Imperial Maine and Hawai'i: interpretive essays in the history of nineteenth-century American expansion |author= Paul T. Burlin |publisher= Lexington Books |year= 2006 |chapter= Chapter 6: Elisha Hunt Allen and the search for "Competency" |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=gU5jh-Ew0HgC&lpg=PA135&pg=PA135 |isbn= 978-0-7391-1466-7 }} 4. ^1 2 3 {{cite journal |hdl= 10524/630 |title= Princeville Plantation Papers |journal= Hawaiian Journal of History |publisher=Hawaiian Historical Society |volume=16 |author= Rhoda E. A. Hackler |year= 1982 |pages= 65–85 }} 5. ^1 2 {{cite web |url= http://archives1.dags.hawaii.gov/gsdl/collect/governme/index/assoc/HASH3ae5.dir/Allen,%20Elisha%20Hunt.jpg |title= Allen, Elisha Hunt office record |work= state archives digital collections |publisher= state of Hawaii |accessdate= 2010-01-26 |deadurl= yes |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20100527161913/http://archives1.dags.hawaii.gov/gsdl/collect/governme/index/assoc/HASH3ae5.dir/Allen%2C%20Elisha%20Hunt.jpg |archivedate= 2010-05-27 |df= }} 6. ^1 {{cite book |title= The National cyclopaedia of American biography |volume= Volume 9 |page= 32 |publisher= J.T. White |year= 1899 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=nl8oAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA32 }} 7. ^{{cite book |title=Index to Marriages and Deaths in the New York Herald: 1835-1855 |date=1987 |publisher=Genealogical Publishing Com |isbn=9780806311845 |page=56 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0YU79V-1fegC&pg=PA56&lpg=PA56 |accessdate=7 January 2019 |language=en}} 8. ^{{cite book |last1=Fessenden |first1=Edwin Allan |title=The Fessenden Family in America |date=1971 |page=669 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DeZMAAAAMAAJ |accessdate=7 January 2019 |language=en}} 9. ^{{cite news |title= Death Carries off an Eminent Citizen |newspaper= Hawaiian Gazette |date= February 6, 1906 |url= http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83025121/1906-02-06/ed-1/seq-5/ |accessdate= November 1, 2010 }} 10. ^{{cite book |last1=Burlin |first1=Paul T. |title=Imperial Maine and Hawai'i: Interpretative Essays in the History of Nineteenth Century American Expansion |date=2008 |publisher=Lexington Books |isbn=9780739127186 |page=158 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LRY8khcvxqEC&pg=PA158&lpg=PA158 |accessdate=7 January 2019 |language=en}} 11. ^{{cite book |last1=Herrick |first1=Jedediah |title=Herrick Genealogy: A Genealogical Register of the Name and Family of Herrick from the Settlement of Henerie Hericke, in Salem, Massachusetts, 1629 to 1846, with a Concise Notice of Their English Ancestry |date=1885 |publisher=Priv. print. |page=92 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8UItAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA92&lpg=PA92 |accessdate=7 January 2019 |language=en}} 12. ^{{cite book |last1=Croll |first1=Philip Columbus |last2=Schuler |first2=Henry Addison |last3=Kriebel |first3=Howard Wiegner |title=The Penn Germania: A Popular Journal of German History and Ideals in the United States |date=1909 |publisher=P.C. Croll |page=582 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mTBEAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA582 |accessdate=7 January 2019 |language=en}} 13. ^{{cite book |last1=Marquis |first1=Albert Nelson |title=Who's Who in New England: A Biographical Dictionary of Leading Living Men and Women of the States of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island and Connecticut |date=1915 |publisher=A.N. Marquis & Company |page=1133 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5jk1AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA1133 |accessdate=7 January 2019 |language=en}} 14. ^1 {{cite journal |hdl= 10524/349 |title= Albert Edward Kauikeaouli Leiopapa a Kamehameha, Prince of Hawai'i |journal= Hawaiian Journal of History |publisher=Hawaiian Historical Society |volume=26 |author= Rhoda E. A. Hackler, |year= 1992 |pages= 21–44 }} 15. ^1 {{cite book |last1=Williams |first1=Henry Clay |title=American Encyclopaedia of Biography |date=1893 |publisher=Metropolitan Publishing and Engraving Company |pages=145-157 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RNc-AAAAYAAJ&pg=PA157 |accessdate=7 January 2019 |language=en}} 16. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.whitehousehistory.org/questions/who-has-died-in-the-white-house|title=Who has died in the White House?|website=whitehousehistory.org}} Further reading
External links{{commons category}}
| state=Maine | district=8 | before=Thomas Davee | after=District eliminated | years=March 4, 1841 – March 3, 1843 }}{{s-dip}}{{succession box| title= U.S. Consul to Kingdom of Hawaii | before=Joel Turrill | after=Benjamin Franklin Angel | years= 1850–1853 }}{{succession box| title= Kingdom of Hawaii Minister to U.S. | before= William Little Lee | after= Henry A. P. Carter | years= 1856–1883 }}{{s-gov}}{{succession box| title= Kingdom of Hawaii Minister of Finance | before= Gerrit P. Judd | after= Prince Lot | years= 1853–1857 }}{{s-legal}}{{succession box| title= Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of The Kingdom of Hawai{{okina}}i | before= William Little Lee | after= Charles Coffin Harris | years= 1857–1877 }}{{end}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Allen, Elisha Hunt}} 22 : 1804 births|1883 deaths|People from New Salem, Massachusetts|Kingdom of Hawaii politicians|Kingdom of Hawaii judges|Chief Justices of the Kingdom of Hawaii|Kingdom of Hawaii Finance Ministers|Members of the Kingdom of Hawaii Privy Council|Members of the Kingdom of Hawaii House of Nobles|Ambassadors of the United States to Hawaii|Speakers of the Maine House of Representatives|Members of the Massachusetts House of Representatives|Members of the United States House of Representatives from Maine|Williams College alumni|Bangor City Council members|Maine Whigs|People from Brattleboro, Vermont|Burials at Mount Auburn Cemetery|Whig Party members of the United States House of Representatives|19th-century American politicians|Ambassadors of Hawaii|Chancellors of the Kingdom of Hawaii |
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