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词条 Elkonin boxes
释义

  1. References

Elkonin boxes are an instructional method used in the early elementary grades especially in children with reading difficulties and inadequate responders in order to build phonological awareness by segmenting words into individual sounds.[1][2] They are named after D.B. Elkonin, the Russian psychologist who pioneered their use.[3] The "boxes" are squares drawn on a piece of paper or a chalkboard, with one box for each sound or phoneme.[3] To use Elkonin boxes, a child listens to a word and moves a token into a box for each sound or phoneme. In some cases different colored tokens may be used for consonants and vowels or just for each phoneme in the word.[4]

References

1. ^{{cite journal|last1=Denton|first1=Carolyn A.|last2=Tolar|first2=Tammy D.|last3=Fletcher|first3=Jack M.|last4=Barth|first4=Amy E.|last5=Vaughn|first5=Sharon|last6=Francis|first6=David J.|title=Effects of tier 3 intervention for students with persistent reading difficulties and characteristics of inadequate responders.|journal=Journal of Educational Psychology|date=2013|volume=105|issue=3|pages=633–648|doi=10.1037/a0032581|pmc=4191908|pmid=25308995}}
2. ^{{cite journal|last1=Otaiba|first1=Stephanie Al|last2=Lake|first2=Vickie E.|last3=Greulich|first3=Luana|last4=Folsom|first4=Jessica S.|last5=Guidry|first5=Lisa|title=Preparing beginning reading teachers: An experimental comparison of initial early literacy field experiences|journal=Reading and Writing|date=8 July 2010|volume=25|issue=1|pages=109–129|doi=10.1007/s11145-010-9250-2|pmc=3818150|pmid=24204096}}
3. ^1 {{cite book|author1=Diane Snowball|author2=Faye Bolton|title=Spelling K-8: Planning and Teaching|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hzcVoKvSnqMC&pg=PA58|year=1999|publisher=Stenhouse Publishers|isbn=978-1-57110-074-0|pages=58}}
4. ^{{cite book|last1=Bodrova|first1=Elena|last2=Leong|first2=Deborah J.|title=Tools of the mind|date=2007|publisher=Pearson|location=Upper Saddle River (N.J.)|isbn=978-0130278043|edition=Second|url=http://www.ibe.unesco.org/fileadmin/user_upload/archive/Publications/innodata/inno07.pdf}}
Bibliography
  • {{cite book|last1=Bodrova|first1=Elena|last2=Leong|first2=Deborah J.|title=Tools of the mind|date=2007|publisher=Pearson|location=Upper Saddle River (N.J.)|isbn=978-0130278043|edition=Second|url=http://www.ibe.unesco.org/fileadmin/user_upload/archive/Publications/innodata/inno07.pdf}}
  • {{cite web|title=Elkonin Boxes|url=http://www.readingrockets.org/strategies/elkonin_boxes|website=Reading Rockets|accessdate=26 June 2017|language=en|date=19 March 2013}}
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