“Emil Haussmann”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Emil Haussmann

释义

Life
References
Bibliography

Emil Haussmann (11 October 1910 – 31 July 1947 in Nuremberg) was a German SS functionary during the Nazi era. He was part of Einsatzkommando 12 of Einsatzgruppe D, which perpetrated the Holocaust in occupied Ukraine. Haussmann was charged with crimes against humanity in 1947 in the Einsatzgruppen Trial. He committed suicide while in prison.

Life

Emil Haussmann was the son of an accountant in Ravensburg.^[1] Haussmann joined the NSDAP in January 1930^[2] – three years before the Machtergreifung – at the age of 19. He was a grade school teacher. In 1937, he became a full-time employee of the Sicherheitsdienst (SD), and took over the SD-Oberabschnitt Southwest, based in the Judenreferat in Stuttgart.^[3]

During the Invasion of Poland, Haussmann was part of Einsatzgruppe VI. There he was the "right hand man" for Albert Rapp. Commanding this Einsatzgruppe was Erich Naumann, who later became a co-defendant of Haussmann. After the end of hostilities, Haussmann remained with Rapp in Poland; Rapp led the Umwandererzentralstelle in Posen. This office coordinated the expulsion of Poles, Ukrainians and Jews in Reichsgau Wartheland, Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia, East Upper Silesia and Aktion Zamość.^[3]

Haussmann took part in Einsatzkommando 12 during the invasion of the Soviet Union. In 1947 he was one of 24 defendants at the Einsatzgruppen Trial. On 29 July 1947, he received the indictment along with his co-defendants: (1) crimes against humanity, (2) war crimes, and (3) membership in a criminal organization. Two days later, before the arraignment, Haussmann committed suicide in his cell^[4] and was removed from the process.^[5] Thus, he was the only defendant at the Einsatzgruppen trial who escaped a sentence.

References

1. ^Werner Haussmann: Das Haußmann-Buch. Nürtingen 1994, p. 712
2. ^Haussmann's NSDAP join date differs depending on the source: Einsatzgruppen in Polen, p. 39 and Hilary Earl: The Nuremberg SS-Einsatzgruppen Trial. Cambridge 2009, p. 126 - "Table 4 - Joining Date of Defendants", give 1932 as his join date.
3. ^¹Klaus-Michael Mallmann, Jochen Böhler und Jürgen Matthäus: Einsatzgruppen in Polen. WBG, Stuttgart 2008, p. 39-40.
4. ^Hilary Earl: The Nuremberg SS-Einsatzgruppen Trial. Cambridge 2009, p. 9
5. ^Trials of War Criminals Before the Nuernberg Military Tribunals Under Control Council Law No. 10, Vol. 4: United States of America vs. Otto Ohlendorf, et. al. (Case 9: „Einsatzgruppen Case“). United States Government Printing Office, District of Columbia 1950, p. 24

Bibliography

Hilary Earl: The Nuremberg SS-Einsatzgruppen Trial, 1945–1958: Atrocity, Law, and History. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2009, {{ISBN|978-0-521-45608-1}}.
Klaus-Michael Mallmann, Jochen Böhler and Jürgen Matthäus: Einsatzgruppen in Polen: Darstellung und Dokumentation. University Press, Stuttgart 2008, {{ISBN|978-3-534-21353-5}}.
Trials of War Criminals Before the Nuernberg Military Tribunals Under Control Council Law No. 10, Vol. 4: United States of America vs. Otto Ohlendorf, et. al. (Case 9: „Einsatzgruppen Case“). US Government Printing Office, District of Columbia 1950. In: „National Archives Microfilm Publications“, NM Series 1874-1946, Microfilm Publication M936. National Archives and Record Service, Washington 1973. (Emil Haussmann in the indictment: p. 14.)

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