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词条 Centre Party (Sweden)
释义

  1. History

     2006 election 

  2. Political opinions

     National economy  Immigration  European Union 

  3. Election results

  4. Voters

  5. Leaders of the Centre Party

  6. Current Members of Parliament

  7. Current leadership of the Centre Party

  8. See also

  9. References

  10. External links

{{Hatnote|"Centerpartiet" and "Centern" redirect here. For the Finnish political party which in Swedish goes by the same names, see Centre Party (Finland).}}{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2013}}{{Infobox political party
| name = Centre Party
| logo = Centre Party (Sweden) logo.svg
| logo_size = 250px
| colorcode = {{Centre Party (Sweden)/meta/color}}
| foundation = 2 March 1913
| ideology = Liberalism[1]
Green liberalism[2]
Social liberalism[3]
Decentralisation[4]
Agrarianism[1][5]
| headquarters = Stora Nygatan 4, Gamla stan, Stockholm
| international = Liberal International
| website = http://www.centerpartiet.se/
| country = Sweden
| native_name = Centerpartiet
| abbreviation = C
| leader1_title = Party Chairman
| leader1_name = Annie Lööf
| leader2_title = Leader in the Riksdag
| leader2_name = Anders W Jonsson[6]
| position = Centre[7] to centre-right[8]
| membership = 29,107 (2017)[9]
| national =
| youth_wing = Centre Party Youth
| european = Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe
| europarl = Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe
| colors = Green
| seats1_title = Riksdag
| seats1 = {{Composition bar|31|349|hex={{Centre Party (Sweden)/meta/color}}}}
| seats2_title = European Parliament
| seats2 = {{Composition bar|1|20|hex={{Centre Party (Sweden)/meta/color}}}}
| seats3_title = County councils[10]
| seats3 = {{Composition bar|118|1597|hex={{Centre Party (Sweden)/meta/color}}}}
| seats4_title = Municipal councils[11]
| seats4 = {{Composition bar|1411|12780|hex={{Centre Party (Sweden)/meta/color}}}}
}}

The Centre Party[12] ({{lang-sv|Centerpartiet}}, abbreviated C) is a liberal[13][14] and agrarian[13][14] political party in Sweden. Traditionally part of the Nordic agrarian family, the party has increasingly shifted its focus towards free market economics, environmental protection, gender equality and decentralisation of governmental authority.[15][16] The party's major issues are national economy, environment and integration and it is represented in all of the Riksdags parliamentary committees.

History

The party was founded in 1913 as the Farmers' League ({{lang-sv|Bondeförbundet}}). In 1922 it merged with the {{ill|National Farmers' Union (Sweden)|sv|Jordbrukarnas Riksförbund}} (Jordbrukarnas Riksförbund) to become the Farmers' League. The party adopted its current name in 1957. At that time it had been the closest ally of the Swedish Social Democratic Party for 25 years, and its coalition partners between 1936 and 1945 as well as between 1951 and 1957, but it has since revised this strategy in order to establish a closer long-term alliance between the centre-right (Swedish borgerlig, lit. "bourgeois" or "nonsocialist") parties, that achieved power between 1976 and 1982 and between 1991 and 1994. Thorbjörn Fälldin was the leader of the Centre Party and Prime Minister from 1976 until 1982, except a short interregnum in 1978–1979 by Liberal People's Party leader Ola Ullsten. The Centre Party again joined a centre-right government following the 1991 election led by Moderate Party leader Carl Bildt. During the leaderships of Maud Olofsson and Annie Lööf in the 2000s the party has positioned itself clearly on the political right as a small business-friendly party, leaning towards neoliberal and libertarian policies and viewing the Social Democrats as its main opponent.[17][15][18]

In 2005 the Centre Party sold its ownership of the newspaper group Centertidningar AB for 1.8 billion SEK,[19] thus making it – at the time – the richest political party in the world.[20]

2006 election

The 2006 Swedish election was a success for the Centre Party. Its support had been slowly increasing through recent elections; in 1998 it received 5.1% of the votes, and this increased to 6.2% in 2002.[21] In the 2006 elections 7.88% of the vote went to the Centre Party (C), entitling them to 29 of the 349 seats in the Swedish Riksdag.[22] Furthermore, their alliance with the other parties in the Alliance for Sweden, a coalition which won a majority of parliament seats in this election, meant that the Centre Party shared the ministry posts with their Alliance for Sweden allies: the Moderate Party, the Liberal People's Party and the Christian Democrats. The strong victory by C in the 2006 election has been studied by political scientist Dr. Lina M. Eriksson., who in her dissertation from the Department of Government at Uppsala University, entitled "Natural Disasters and National Election", performs a rigorous statistical analysis of election data combined with interviews with Maud Olofsson, Eskil Erlandsson, Ulrica Messing and Mona Sahlin. Dr, Eriksson's research finds that both the Indian Ocean's 2004 Boxing Day Tsunami and 2005 Storm Gudrun (Erwin), which struck only two weeks following the tsunami, are major events that impacted government popularity in the 2006 election and contributed to the redistribution of voter support, within and across party-blocs, with particularly interesting results for C. "The core findings from this thesis show that the Social Democratic (S) government’s poor crisis response to Gudrun, which is the hitherto most costly natural disaster in Swedish history, alone has an estimated effect of a magnitude that likely contributed to the 2006 historic regime shift, while the tsunami also seems to have mattered. The tsunami is particularly interesting, as S’s poor international crisis response to the event constitutes the first natural disaster situation to knowingly have affected an election on the other side of the planet. Moreover, to some degree voters recognized the active opposition by C as effective representation and rewarded the party for its strong stance on the poor handling of both events by S. In fact, the active voice of C concerning these disasters likely helped move the party from the periphery of party politics to becoming the third-largest party in Swedish politics".[23] Part of the dissertation has been published in Electoral Studies, which is to be considered the leading scientific journal in election research. In the article[24] long-term effects are also found over the 2010 and 2014 election, which implies that the Storm, in particular, triggered long-lasting changes in voter support from the left to the right side of the political spectrum. A comprehensive summary of the dissertation is available for download via Uppsala University.[25]

Political opinions

National economy

Centerpartiet has in both liberal, socialist and conservative medias been described as one of Sweden's most market liberal parties.[26] However, the party describes themselves as a party with a green, social and earthy liberalism.[27] The party leadership has many times taken distance from neoliberalism and libertarianism. The party advocates lower taxes, greatly reduced employer contributions, a freer market and an increased RUT-deductioned. The party is a big advocator for small-business, farmers and entrepreneurs.[28] They also want to invest in the infrastructure and transportation so employees could work in bigger cities but still live in the rural areas (and vice versa). On economic policy, they've described their opponents to be the Swedish Social Democratic Party and the Sweden Democrats.

Immigration

Centerpartiet is a liberal immigration party, who stands that they want to combine a generous immigration policy with an initially more restrictive contribution policy to the immigrants. After the big immigration wave in autumn 2015, the party proposed to replace the existing establishment grants with establishment loans, similar to the Swedish student loans.[29] The party is very clear with the responsibility of Sweden to receiving refugees but also the responsibility of the immigrants to establish and to become a part of the society. In January 2016 the party for example proposed to give all immigrants compulsory civic education[30] in both rights and expectations from the society.

European Union

Centerpartiet is a decentralist pro-EU party that believes that the European Union is an important union to secure peace, freedom and trade between the European countries. But the party also advocates a smaller but sharper EU[31] that focuses on democracy and peace, free movement and trade, vigorous action against climate change and collaboration against organized crime. Centerpartiet believes that Sweden should stay outside the monetary union and keep the SEK, and not shift to the Euro.[32]

In the European Parliament the Centre Party is a member of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe (ALDE) Party.[33] Centerpartiet MEP Fredrick Federley is a vicepresident of the ALDE Party[34] and the group leader of the ALDE group in the European Parliament Committee on Industry, Research and Energy.

Election results

Year Votes % Seats +/– Government
1914 (Sep) 1,507 0.2 (#4)0|230|hex=#009933}} 0in opposition}}
1917 39,262 5.3 (#5)9|230|hex=#009933}} {{increase}} 9in opposition}}
1920 52,318 7.9 (#4)20|230|hex=#009933}} {{increase}} 11in opposition}}
1921 192,269 11.0 (#4)21|230|hex=#009933}} {{decrease}} 9in opposition}}
1924 190,396 10.8 (#4)23|230|hex=#009933}} {{increase}} 2in opposition}}
1928 263,501 11.2 (#4)27|230|hex=#009933}} {{increase}} 4in opposition}}
1932 321,215 14.1 (#3)36|230|hex=#009933}} {{increase}} 9in opposition}}
1936 418,840 14.4 (#3)36|230|hex=#009933}} {{steady}} 0in opposition}}
1940 344,345 12.0 (#3)28|230|hex=#009933}} {{decrease}} 8in government}}
1944 421,094 13.6 (#3)35|230|hex=#009933}} {{increase}} 7in government}}
1948 480,421 12.4 (#3)30|230|hex=#009933}} {{decrease}} 5in opposition}}
1952 406,183 10.7 (#4)26|230|hex=#009933}} {{decrease}} 4in government}}
1956 366,612 9.5 (#4)19|231|hex=#009933}} {{increase}} 7in government}}
1958 486,760 12.7 (#4)32|231|hex=#009933}} {{increase}} 13in opposition}}
1960 579,007 13.6 (#4)34|232|hex=#009933}} {{increase}} 2in opposition}}
1964 559,632 13.2 (#4)36|233|hex=#009933}} {{increase}} 1in opposition}}
1968 757,215 15.7 (#2)39|233|hex=#009933}} {{increase}} 3in opposition}}
1970 991,208 19.9 (#2)71|350|hex=#009933}} {{increase}} 32in opposition}}
1973 1,295,246 25.1 (#2)90|350|hex=#009933}} {{increase}} 19in opposition}}
1976 1,309,669 24.1 (#2)86|349|hex=#009933}} {{decrease}} 4in government}}
1979 984,589 18.1 (#3)64|349|hex=#009933}} {{decrease}} 22in government}}
1982 859,618 15.5 (#3)56|349|hex=#009933}} {{decrease}} 8in opposition}}
1985 490,999 8.8 (#4)43|349|hex=#009933}} {{decrease}} 13in opposition}}
1988 607,240 11.3 (#4)42|349|hex=#009933}} {{decrease}} 1in opposition}}
1991 465,356 8.5 (#4)31|349|hex=#009933}} {{decrease}} 11in government}}
1994 425,153 7.7 (#3)27|349|hex=#009933}} {{decrease}} 4in opposition}}
1998 269,762 5.1 (#5)18|349|hex=#009933}} {{decrease}} 9in opposition}}
2002 328,428 6.19 (#6)22|349|hex=#009933}} {{increase}} 4in opposition}}
2006 437,389 7.88 (#3)29|349|hex=#009933}} {{increase}} 7in government}}
2010 390,804 6.56 (#5)23|349|hex=#009933}} {{decrease}} 6in government}}
2014 370,834 6.1 (#5)22|349|hex=#009933}} {{decrease}} 1in opposition}}
2018 557,500 8.61 (#4)31|349|hex=#009933}} {{increase}} 9external support}}

Voters

Traditionally, most of the voters and votebank come from rural areas and quite a few are farmers and agricultural producers. In recent years however, since the takeover of Maud Olofsson the party has been attracting liberal voters from urban areas in central Sweden. It is believed that voters from the Liberal People's Party have been moving to the Centre Party due to changes in both parties.[35]

Leaders of the Centre Party

The Leader of the Centre Party is the highest political and organisational officer. S/he is president in the National Executive Board and represents the party on media, in public, and with other parties.[36] Often, the party leader has held an important cabinet protfolio when the party has been part of a coalition. The most famous leader of the Centre Party is Thorbjörn Fälldin, Sweden's Prime Minister in the later 70's and early 80's.

The Centre Party also had the first female leader of a party in the Riksdag in Sweden, Karin Söder, who also was Sweden's first female Minister for Foreign Affairs.

  • Erik Eriksson (1916–1920)
  • Johan Andersson (1920–1924)
  • Johan Johansson (1924–1928)
  • Olof Olsson (1928–1934)
  • Axel Pehrsson-Bramstorp (1934–1949)
  • Gunnar Hedlund (1949–1971)
  • Thorbjörn Fälldin (1971–1985)
  • Karin Söder (1985–1987)
  • Olof Johansson (1987–1998)
  • Lennart Daléus (1998–2001)
  • Maud Olofsson (2001–2011)
  • Annie Lööf (2011–)

Current Members of Parliament

  • Daniel Bäckström, spokesperson at defence
  • Ulrika Carlsson, deputy leader in the Riksdag, spokesperson at educational affairs
  • Fredrik Christensson, spokesperson at youth employment and higher education
  • Staffan Danielsson
  • Eskil Erlandsson, spokesperson at agriculture and farming
  • Johan Hedin, spokesperson at justice and law
  • Peter Helander, spokesperson at regional affairs
  • Ola Johansson, spokesperson at housing and building
  • Per-Ingvar Johnsson, spokesperson at constitutional affairs
  • Anders W Jonsson, leader in the Riksdag, spokesperson at social affairs
  • Johanna Jönsson, spokesperson at immigration and integration
  • Emil Källström, spokesperson at finance and economics
  • Helena Lindahl, spokesperson at business
  • Per Lodenius, spokesperson at culture and sport
  • Kerstin Lundgren, spokesperson at foreign affairs and security
  • Annie Lööf, party chairman
  • Rickard Nordin, spokesperson at climate and energy
  • Annika Qarlsson, spokesperson at labour, employment and gender equality
  • Kristina Yngwe, spokesperson at environment and food
  • Solveig Zander, spokesperson at social security
  • Anders Åkesson, spokesperson at transportation and infrastructure
  • Per Åsling, spokesperson at taxation
[37]

Current leadership of the Centre Party

  • Annie Lööf, Leader of the Centre Party
  • Anders W Jonsson, 1st Deputy Leader of the Centre Party, Leader in the Riksdag
  • Fredrick Federley, 2nd Deputy Leader of the Centre Party, Member of the European Parliament
  • Kristina Yngwe, Member of Parliament, Spokesperson at Environment
  • Mari-Louise Wernersson, Mayor of Falkenberg Municipality
  • Michael Arthursson, Secretary-General of the Centre Party
[38]

See also

  • Liberals (Sweden)
  • Green liberalism
  • Per Jonas Edberg
  • Carl Grewesmühl
  • Aron Gustafsson
  • Gustav Hallagård
  • Ulrich Hommel
  • Gustaf Jonnergård
  • Arvid Jonsson

References

1. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.parties-and-elections.eu/sweden.html|title=Sweden|website=Parties and Elections in Europe|first=Wolfram|last=Nordsieck|year=2018|accessdate=31 August 2018}}
2. ^https://www.centerpartiet.se/var-politik/vara-ideer.html{{full citation needed|date=September 2018}}
3. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LmfAPmwE6YYC&pg=PA437|page=437|first=Hans|last=Slomp|publisher=ABC-CLIO|date=26 September 2011|title=Europe, A Political Profile: An American Companion to European Politics|isbn=978-0-313-39182-8}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.centerpartiet.se/var-politik/vara-ideer/staten-och-samhallet|title=Staten och samhället|website=www.centerpartiet.se}}
5. ^{{cite book|author=David Blandford|author2=Berkeley Hill|year=2006|title=Policy Reform and Adjustment in the Agricultural Sectors of Developed Countries|url=https://books.google.com/?id=sg0_bliXgRcC&lpg=PR6&pg=PA110#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=CABI|page=110|isbn=9781845930332}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.riksdagen.se/sv/ledamoter-partier/centerpartiet/|title=Centerpartiet|first=|last=Riksdagsförvaltningen|website=www.riksdagen.se}}
7. ^{{cite book|author=Josep M. Colomer|title=Political Institutions in Europe|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TZF8AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA261|date=25 July 2008|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-134-07354-2|page=261}}
8. ^{{cite book|author=Robert Sundberg|title=Centre Party goes to the right-wing|url=https://www.dalademokraten.se/artikel/opinion/ledare/centerpartiet-glider-at-hoger|date=20 September 2013|publisher=Dala-demokraten}}
9. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.dn.se/nyheter/politik/sjunkande-medlemsantal-oroar-inte-schyman/ |title=Sjunkande medlemsantal oroar inte Schyman |date=23 February 2018 |accessdate=27 February 2018 |language=sv}}
10. ^"2014: Val till landstingsfullmäktige - Valda", Valmyndigheten, 2014-09-28
11. ^"2014: Val till kommunfullmäktige - Valda", Valmyndigheten, 2014-09-26
12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.centerpartiet.se/Anpassad-information/Other-languages/|title=Other languages - Centerpartiet|work=Centerpartiet|accessdate=24 February 2015|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20130901191147/http://www.centerpartiet.se/Anpassad-information/Other-languages/|archivedate=1 September 2013|df=dmy-all}}
13. ^1 {{cite book|author1=Svante Ersson|author2=Jan-Erik Lane|title=Politics and Society in Western Europe|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Qw62oX96310C&pg=PA108|accessdate=17 August 2012|year=1998|publisher=SAGE|isbn=978-0-7619-5862-8|page=108}}
14. ^1 {{cite book|author1=Gary Marks|author2=Carole Wilson|chapter=National Parties and the Contestation of Europe|editor1=T. Banchoff|editor2=Mitchell P. Smith|title=Legitimacy and the European Union|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GgvLEFPY8l4C&pg=PA123|accessdate=26 August 2012|year=1999|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-0-415-18188-4|page=123}}
15. ^1 "[https://sverigesradio.se/sida/artikel.aspx?programid=2054&artikel=5933041 The Centre Party - Centerpartiet]", Sveriges Radio/Radio Sweden
16. ^{{cite book|author1=Carina Bischoff|author2=Marlene Wind|chapter=Sweden|editor=Donatella M. Viola|title=Routledge Handbook of European Elections|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7stgCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA418|date=14 August 2015|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-317-50363-7|page=418}}
17. ^"Guide: Centerpartiets historia och ideologi", DN, 2011-04-18
18. ^"'The Centre Party is a confused party': expert", The Local, 14 Jan 2013
19. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.e24.se/dynamiskt/nyheter/did_10849780.asp|title=Näringsliv - affärsnyheter, börs och analys|website=SvD.se}}
20. ^Privata Affärer - Centern blir världens rikaste politiska parti {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927152227/http://www.privataaffarer.se/newstext.asp?s=pa&a=7950 |date=27 September 2007 }}
21. ^Väljarbarometern samtliga {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060913105523/http://www.temo.se/upload/326/valjbsamtliga.htm |date=13 September 2006 }}
22. ^Allmänna val 17 september 2006
23. ^http://acta.mamutweb.com/Shop/Product/0136-Natural-Disasters-and-National-Election/diva2%3A1071124{{full citation needed|date=September 2018}}
24. ^{{cite journal |doi=10.1016/j.electstud.2015.12.003 |title=Winds of Change: Voter Blame and Storm Gudrun in the 2006 Swedish Parliamentary Election |journal=Electoral Studies |volume=41 |page=129 |year=2016 |last1=Eriksson |first1=Lina M. }}
25. ^https://uu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1071124/FULLTEXT01.pdf{{full citation needed|date=September 2018}}
26. ^http://www.dn.se/nyheter/politik/centerpartiet-starkt-framat-i-ny-valjarundersokning/{{full citation needed|date=September 2018}}
27. ^https://www.centerpartiet.se/var-politik/vara-ideer.html{{full citation needed|date=September 2018}}
28. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.centerpartiet.se/var-politik/politik-a-o/ekonomi-och-skatter/ekonomisk-politik.html|title=Ekonomisk politik|website=www.centerpartiet.se}}
29. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.svt.se/nyheter/svtforum/c-vill-ersatta-bidrag-med-etableringslan|title=C vill ersätta bidrag med etableringslån|first=SVT|last=Nyheter|date=4 April 2016|publisher=}}
30. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.expressen.se/debatt/infor-obligatorisk-samhallsinformation-for-nyanlanda/|title=C: Inför obligatorisk samhällsinformation för nyanlända|publisher=}}
31. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.centerpartiet.se/var-politik/politik-a-o/europa/eu.html|title=EU|website=www.centerpartiet.se}}
32. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.centerpartiet.se/var-politik/politik-a-o/europa/euron.html|title=Euron|website=www.centerpartiet.se}}
33. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.aldeparty.eu/en/members/political-parties|title=ALDE Party members|publisher=|accessdate=24 February 2015|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121130020810/http://www.aldeparty.eu/en/members/political-parties|archivedate=30 November 2012|df=dmy-all}}
34. ^https://www.aldeparty.eu/en/about/structure/bureau
35. ^"Towards a two-party system? The Swedish parliamentary election of September 2006", Nicholas Aylott and Niklas Bolin, West European Politics, 2007 forthcoming
36. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.centerpartiet.se/vart-parti/kontakt/partistyrelsen.html|title=Partistyrelsen|website=www.centerpartiet.se}}
37. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.centerpartiet.se/vart-parti/kontakt/riksdagsledamoter|title=Riksdagsledamöter|website=www.centerpartiet.se|language=sv|access-date=2018-03-30}}
38. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.centerpartiet.se/vart-parti/kontakt/partistyrelsen|title=Partistyrelsen|website=www.centerpartiet.se|language=sv|access-date=2018-03-30}}

External links

  • {{Official website}} {{sv icon}}
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20060522144104/http://www.riksdagen.se/templates/R_Page____1052.aspx The Swedish Parliament: The Centre Party] {{en icon}}
{{ELDR member parties}}{{Alliance for Sweden}}{{Swedish political parties}}{{European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party}}

6 : 1913 establishments in Sweden|Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party member parties|Centrist parties in Sweden|Liberal parties in Sweden|Nordic agrarian parties|Political parties established in 1913
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