| 词条 | Enlargement of the African Union |
| 释义 |
When the African Union (AU) was founded in 2002, it represented almost the entire African continent. As the successor to the Organisation of African Unity (OAU), founded in 1963, its membership was inherited from that body. Currently, the AU has 55 member states.[1] Growth in the OAU typically came from post-colonial independence; as decolonization ended, the borders of the OAU had overlapped almost all of Africa. MembershipArticle 29 of the Constitutive Act of the African Union (ratified July 11, 2000), states:
The following two articles discuss the suspension and cessation of membership: Governments which shall come to power through unconstitutional means shall not be allowed to participate in the activities of the Union. and
The former of these two clauses has been used to suspend the participation of states in the AU a number of times. The only state to leave the OAU was Morocco, which withdrew in 1984, following the admission of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic in 1982. It joined the AU in 2017. Current member{{main|Member states of the African Union}}{{see also|Timeline of Enlargement of the African Union member states}}For several decades, Morocco was the only UN Member state in Africa which was not a member of the AU following its withdrawal of the OAU in 1984.[2][3] Many leaders of African nations supported the reintegration of Morocco to the AU.[4][5] In July 2016, Morocco announced that it wished to rejoin the organization.[6] Morocco's membership was approved by the AU on 30 January 2017.[7]Possible growth{{quotebox|width=40%|It’s not something we decided, it’s a place that we earned after we fought for our independence 212 years ago... We paved the way for every other African nation to be free today, so historically speaking Haiti should have been in the AU already.—Haitian High Commissioner to South Africa Jacques Junior Baril, 2016.[8]}}In February 2012, the Caribbean Republic of Haiti signalled that it would seek to upgrade its observer status to associate member status.[9] The AU had planned at its summit in June 2013 to upgrade Haiti's status from observer to associate.[10] In a press release issued May 2016, the African Union Commission announced that, "[a]ccording to Article 29.1 of the AU’s Constitutive Act, only African States can join the African Union." Therefore, "Haiti will not be admitted as a Member State of the African Union".[11] Although the AU includes one largely unrecognised state, the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, the prospects of the unrecognised African state of Somaliland being admitted to the organisation are slim. The AU continues to recognise the territorial integrity of Somalia, favouring the Transitional Federal Government's claim that Somaliland is an autonomous region over the Somaliland government's assertion of full sovereignty.[12] Nonetheless, Somaliland applied for AU membership in 2005, a request that has hereto gone unanswered.[12] After Azawad's unilateral declaration of independence from Mali in 2012, the AU issued a statement calling the pronouncement "null and of no value whatsoever".[13] The only parts of continental Africa or outlying islands not represented by the AU are dependencies and other small territories of France (Mayotte, Réunion, and the Scattered Islands in the Indian Ocean), Italy (Pantelleria and the Pelagie Islands), Portugal (Madeira Islands), Spain (Canary Islands, Ceuta, Melilla, and the plazas de soberanía), the United Kingdom (Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha), and Yemen (Socotra). Spain's Ceuta and Melilla are the only territories on continental Africa not represented by an AU member state. See also{{Portal|Africa}}
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.au.int/en/member_states/countryprofiles|title=Member States ------- * Member States under political sanction - African Union|publisher=Au.int|accessdate=30 November 2014|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150109054331/http://www.au.int/en/member_states/countryprofiles|archivedate=9 January 2015|df=}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.newstatesman.com/blogs/voices/2012/06/why-morocco-must-not-be-allowed-join-african-union|title=Why Morocco must not be allowed to join the African Union|last=Stevenson|first=Tom|date=2012-06-06|accessdate=2013-02-01|publisher=New Statesman}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/1428796.stm|title=OAU considers Morocco readmission|date=2001-07-08|accessdate=2012-03-25|publisher=BBC News}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2012/02/26964/will-morocco-soon-return-to-the-african-union/|title=Will Morocco soon return to the African Union?|last=Daouda|first=Aziz|date=2012-02-12|accessdate=2013-02-01}} 5. ^{{citeweb|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201303150768.html|title=Morocco: King Tours Africa Countries, Gives New Impetus to South-South Cooperation|date=2013-03-14|accessdate=2013-03-26|publisher=AllAfrica.com|last=Tanjaoui|first=Zakariya}} 6. ^{{citeweb|url=http://www.voanews.com/content/morocco-envoy-kenya-president-rejoin-african-union/3420231.html|title=Moroccan Envoy Meets with Kenyan President Over Rejoining African Union|date=2016-07-15|accessdate=2016-07-16|publisher=Voice of America}} 7. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.worldbulletin.net/todays-news/183967/morocco-rejoins-african-union |title=Morocco rejoins African Union |publisher=Worldbulletin |date=30 January 2017 |accessdate=31 January 2017}} 8. ^{{Cite web |url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/despite-reports-haiti-not-joining-the-african-union |title=Despite Reports, Haiti Not Joining the African Union |last=Downs |first=Kenya |publisher=Public Broadcasting System |date=20 May 2016 |accessdate=2 October 2018}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.haitilibre.com/en/news-4863-haiti-diplomacy-haiti-becomes-a-member-of-the-african-union.html|title=Haiti - Diplomacy : Haiti becomes a member of the African Union - HaitiLibre.com : Haiti news 7/7|work=HaitiLibre.com|accessdate=30 November 2014}} 10. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Americas/Latin-America-Monitor/2012/0229/Long-distance-relationship-Haiti-s-bid-to-join-the-African-Union |title=Long distance relationship: Haiti's bid to join the African Union |last=Sampson |first=Ovetta |publisher=The Christian Science Monitor |date=2012-02-29 |accessdate=2012-03-01}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=https://au.int/en/pressreleases/30342/haiti-will-not-be-admitted-african-union-member-state-next-summit-kigali-rwanda|title=Haiti will not be admitted as African Union Member State at next Summit in Kigali, Rwanda|work=African Union Commission|date=18 May 2016|accessdate=1 February 2017}} 12. ^1 {{cite news|url=http://www.afrol.com/articles/19355|agency=afrol News|title=AU urged to prevent Somalia-Somaliland war|date=23 May 2006|accessdate=16 June 2012}} 13. ^{{cite news|agency=Voice of America|date=6 April 2012|accessdate=16 June 2012|url=http://blogs.voanews.com/breaking-news/2012/04/06/countries-dismiss-mali-rebel-claims-of-independent-nation/|title=Countries Dismiss Mali Rebel Claims of Independent Nation}} External links
2 : African Union|Enlargement of intergovernmental organizations |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。