| 词条 | Epiglottal flap | ||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|ipa symbol=ʡ̆ |ipa symbol2=ʕ̆ |imagefile=Epiglottal flap.svg |decimal1= |decimal2= }} An epiglottal or pharyngeal flap is not known to exist as a phoneme in any language. However, it exists as the intervocalic voiced allophone of the otherwise voiceless epiglottal stop {{IPA|/ʡ/}} of Dahalo{{sfnp|Maddieson|Spajić|Sands|Ladefoged|1993|p=33}} and perhaps of other languages. It may also exist in Iraqi Arabic, where the consonant 'ayn is too short to be an epiglottal stop, but has too much of a burst to be a fricative or approximant.{{sfnp|Esling|2010|p=700}} There is no dedicated symbol for this sound in the IPA, but it can be transcribed by adding an "extra short" diacritic to the symbol for the stop, {{angle bracket|{{IPA|ʡ̆}}}}. Features{{flap}}{{epiglottal}}{{voiced}}{{oral}}{{central articulation}}{{pulmonic}}Occurrence
NotesReferences{{refbegin}}
|last=Esling |first=John |year=2010 |chapter=Phonetic Notation |editor-last1=Hardcastle |editor-first1=William J. |editor-last2=Laver |editor-first2=John |editor-last3=Gibbon |editor-first3=Fiona E. |title=The Handbook of Phonetic Sciences |edition=2nd |publisher=Wiley-Blackwell |isbn=978-1-4051-4590-9 }}
|last1=Maddieson |first1=Ian |authorlink1=Ian Maddieson |last2=Spajić |first2=Siniša |last3=Sands |first3=Bonny |last4=Ladefoged |first4=Peter |authorlink4=Peter Ladefoged |year=1993 |chapter=Phonetic structures of Dahalo |editor-last1=Maddieson |editor-first1=Ian |title=UCLA working papers in phonetics: Fieldwork studies of targeted languages |volume=84 |pages=25–65 |publication-place=Los Angeles |publisher=The UCLA Phonetics Laboratory Group |url=http://escholarship.org/uc/item/8k45g432 }}{{refend}}{{phonetics-stub}}{{IPA navigation}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Epiglottal Flap}} 4 : Epiglottal consonants|Flap consonants|Pulmonic consonants|Voiced oral consonants |
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