“CFCF-DT”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

CFCF-DT, VHF channel 12, is a CTV owned-and-operated television station located in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The station is owned by Bell Media. CFCF's studios are located in the Bell Media building (formerly the Montréal Téléport), at the intersection of Avenue Papineau and Boulevard René-Lévesque Est in Downtown Montreal. Its transmitter is located atop Mount Royal.

On cable, CFCF is seen on Vidéotron channel 11 in the Montreal area (channel 7 in standard definition and channel 607 in high definition on digital cable), Charter Plattsburgh channel 13 and Comcast Burlington channel 21; it is also seen on Bell TV via channels 205 (SD) and 1031 (HD), and on Bell Fibe via channels 201 (SD) and 1201 (HD). On Shaw Direct, the channel is available on 312 (Classic) or 057 (Advanced), and in high definition on channel 045 (Classic) or 545 (Advanced). Most cable distributors in Quebec also carry CFCF, as it is the only CTV station in the province. Despite having only one transmitter, its signal reaches all the way to the Laurentians and Lanaudière regions, and also decently covers the Champlain Valley region in Vermont and New York.

History

Canadian Marconi Company (1961–1972)

CFCF-TV was founded by the Canadian Marconi Company, owner of CFCF radio (600 AM, later CINW on 940 AM before its closure in 2010; and 106.5 FM, now CKBE-FM at 92.5), after several failed attempts to gain a licence, beginning in 1938, and then each year after World War II. In 1960, it finally gained a licence, and began broadcasting on January 20, 1961 at 5:45 p.m. It was the second privately owned English language station in Quebec; CKMI-TV in Quebec City had signed on four years earlier in March 1957.

The station was originally located above the Avon Theatre. The first night on-air was fraught with problems. A power failure interrupted the opening ceremony, and later on, police raided the downstairs ballroom, with sirens blazing and a number of arrests made. The station's newscast, Pulse News, faced a few problems because of the noise from the ballroom. CFCF-AM-FM-TV moved into their own facilities at 405 Ogilvy Avenue in Montreal's Park Extension neighbourhood on May 19.

Channel 12 joined CTV as a charter affiliate on October 1, 1961. However, despite its status as CTV's second-largest affiliate, its relationship with CTV was somewhat acrimonious over the years. Canadian Marconi, as would channel 12's numerous owners over the years, felt CTV's flagship station, CFTO-TV in Toronto, had too much influence over the network.

Multiple Access (1972–1979)

In 1972, the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) required that all broadcasting outlets be 80% Canadian owned. Canadian Marconi was a subsidiary of the UK-based General Electric Company plc, and sold its entire broadcasting division—CFCF-TV, CFCF (AM), CFQR-FM and CFCX—to computer and telecommunications company Multiple Access Ltd., owned by the Bronfman family ({{lang-ru|Семья Бронфман}}, {{lang-ro|Familia Bronfman}}, {{lang-he|משפחת ברונפמן|lit=Family of Bronfman}}).^[1]

Multiple Access bought the stations after the CRTC refused to approve purchase offers by Baton Broadcasting, owner of CFTO (other CTV partners opposed the sale, and Baton was not interested in buying the radio stations without channel 12 being included in the purchase), and by CHUM Limited (because of indecision over which radio stations would be sold to meet radio ownership limits in Montreal). Multiple Access also was co-owner of CITY-TV in Toronto (with CHUM) during this time (both Baton and CHUM-CITY, minus CHUM's television stations, became CTVglobemedia, which was later in turn became Bell Media, the current owner of CTV and CFCF).

CFCF Inc. (1979-1992)

In 1979, Multiple Access sold the stations and its production company, Champlain Productions, to CFCF Inc., headed by Jean Pouliot.^[1]^[2]^[3] This came after a deal by Baton (this time a willing partner) to purchase Multiple Access' Montreal broadcasting operations fell through. CHUM successfully purchased Multiple Access' Toronto operations (its share of CITY-TV). Later on, the station began broadcasting a 24-hour schedule full of classic television shows and movies during the late night hours, because of the popularity of VHS and Betamax VCRs by that time. As of the present day, the station now airs mostly infomercials in late night.

CFCF Inc., expanded to include the assets of CF Cable TV, which was acquired by Pouliot in 1982,^[4] and went public in 1985.^[3] In 1986, CFCF gained a sister station: CFJP-TV, the flagship station of Pouliot's new French language network, Television Quatre-Saisons (TQS, now V). TQS spent most of its early years in serious financial difficulty; the revenues from channel 12 were all that kept it afloat. Two years later, the radio stations were sold to Mount-Royal Broadcasting, and moved out of the CFCF building a year later. 1986 also saw CFCF become the home base for a Canadian game show: The New Chain Reaction was taped there, as was the French counterpart, Action Réaction. Chain was initially hosted by Canadian musician Blake Emmons, but he quit after only a few weeks. Producer Bob Stewart then brought in Geoff Edwards to replace him; in turn, CFCF staff announcer Rod Charlebois was then given an on-air role, to satisfy Cancon requirements. This version ran until 1991 on Global in Canada and in America on the USA Network.

CanWest Global and Videotron (1992-1997)

Financial relief came to the company in the 1990s with an investment from Canwest Global Communications. In return, CFCF did not stand in the way of Canwest's plans to apply for a Global repeater station in Montreal. However, Canwest Global changed its mind, citing tax problems. It did, however, allow CFCF to carry some Global programs; it was already airing some programming from Citytv. This would not be the end of Global's influence at the station.

In 1997, TVA sold controlling interest in CKMI to Canwest. The two companies announced plans to turn CKMI into a Global station, along with a CKMI repeater in Montreal and a large studio complex in Montreal. Pouliot was scared by the prospect of new competition and decided to sell his assets to Vidéotron. However, Vidéotron also owned TVA, which retained a 49 percent stake in CKMI. This would have resulted in one company having a significant stake in all of the private stations in Montreal – CFCF, CKMI, CFJP and TVA flagship CFTM-TV.

Vidéotron knew that the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) would never approve such an arrangement, so it sold CFCF to Western International Communications (WIC), who also owned CHAN-TV and CHEK-TV in British Columbia, CHCH-TV in Ontario and several stations in Alberta. Over the next few years, CFCF cut back its carriage of CTV programming to little more than its contractually required 40 hours per week, relying on WIC's library of programming to fill out the schedule, due in large part to the historical tensions between WIC and Baton Broadcasting, the new owners of the CTV network. This didn't pose a problem at first, since Ottawa CTV affiliate CJOH-TV was available on cable in Montreal for most of the 1980s and 1990s; CJOH operates a repeater in Cornwall, Ontario whose footprint reaches Montreal. Meanwhile, TQS was sold to Quebecor, and later to Cogeco and Bell Globemedia (which later became CTVglobemedia and is now known as Bell Media).

Before 1997, when CHCH and CITY launched rebroadcast transmitters in the Ottawa region, local cable companies there carried CFCF as well. Because CHCH and CFCF were sharing some programs, CFCF was removed from these systems, except for Rogers Cable. Also around this time, CJOH was dropped from Montreal cable systems after its owner, Baton, bought controlling interest in CTV.

CTV (2001-present)

Canwest bought WIC's television assets in 2000. However, the CRTC would not allow CFCF to be twinsticked with CKMI because Montreal's Anglophone population was too small (though it allowed Canwest to keep CJNT-TV, a multicultural station WIC had bought a year earlier). The station was placed under trusteeship, and had to be sold in short order. In 2001, amid all these wranglings over ownership, Bell Globemedia, owner of CTV, bought the station. After 40 years of being master of its own house to a large degree, CFCF lost much of that independence and maneuverability through the CTV/Bell Globemedia deal.

With the opening of the Fall 2001 television season, CFCF officially adopted the full CTV schedule. The newscast dropped its longtime Pulse title in favour of the generic CFCF News. However, the Pulse brand was so firmly established that viewers still call the newscasts by that title today. The station also adopted a new golden call letter logo similar to all other CTV owned stations, as well as similar promo and newscast graphics.

In 2003, CFCF moved to a studio on Papineau Avenue in the eastern part of downtown, and the master control operations were moved to 9 Channel Nine Court in Toronto, the home of CTV flagship CFTO. By this situation, CFCF overtook Vancouver's CIVT-TV to become the largest market with a CTV O&O station whose studios were located in a downtown area (Toronto's CFTO-TV/DT had operated in the same 9 Channel Nine Court studios since its inception). The area has now become Montreal's (and French Canada's) main media district; the studio facilities of CBC, Global, RDS, V and TVA are all within several blocks.

On October 3, 2005, the station dropped the use of its call letters on-air, instead branding as simply "CTV", with the newscast becoming CTV News. This type of rebranding was instituted at all affiliates across the country to provide a common brand for the entire network.

By 2005, Bell Globemedia was considered to be a non-core asset by parent company Bell Canada Enterprises and was sold to a group of investors, which included the Thomson family. The Bell Globemedia group (made up of the entire CTV network, as well as The Globe and Mail newspaper and a variety of other channels and media assets) was renamed CTVglobemedia in late 2006. In April 2011, BCE re-acquired full ownership of CTVglobemedia and changed the new division's name to Bell Media. The new media giant also acquired CHUM Limited's holdings in 2006, including the A-Channel stations, MuchMusic and a variety of other specialty channels. But the CHUM deal also raised serious questions about the high degree of media concentration in Canada. This new conglomerate owned more than one television station in several Canadian markets – increasing the worry about job losses and cutbacks.

In 2009, CFCF discontinued the Telethon of Stars that aired during the first weekend of December, consecutively, for 32 years from 1977 to 2009; the removal of the telethon from the station was due to budget cuts made by CTV as a result of the economic crisis. As of December 2010, the Telethon of Stars can only be seen through the Internet (via an 8-hour webcast), with no television equivalent broadcast.^[5]

On August 5, 2009, CTV camera operator, 44-year-old Hugh Haugland was killed after a helicopter crash near Mont-Laurier about 240 kilometres from Montreal, Haugland was shooting footage of the destruction left behind by a tornado that touched down in the area on August 4, 2009. Haugland was the son of Canadian journalist and retired former television news anchor for CFCF-TV in Montreal, Bill Haugland. The other person killed in the crash was Roger Belanger, a veteran pilot and local businessman who was in his 60s.^[6]^[7]^[8]

Programming

CFCF has always been the highest-rated television station for Anglophone Quebecers. As well, a significant number of bilingual Francophones also watch CFCF – for both programming and news – although CFTM, CFJP and CBFT-DT (Radio-Canada) are the obvious market leaders for Quebec's French community.

The station now airs all of the standard CTV schedule. CFCF's schedule is now identical to CFTO – the only difference being its afternoon talk programs from 3:00 to 6:00 p.m. CFCF scheduled its programming around the schedules of Burlington, Vermont-Plattsburgh, New York stations for simultaneous substitution purposes, with Anderson Live at 3:00 p.m. (simsubbing WPTZ), The Ellen DeGeneres Show at 4:00 p.m. (simsubbing WCAX-TV) and The Dr. Oz Show at 5:00 p.m. (simsubbing WVNY). In contrast, CFTO broadcasts Dr. Phil at 3:00 p.m. (locally simsubbing WGRZ), Ellen at 4:00 p.m. (also simsubbing WGRZ) and Anderson Live at 5:00 p.m. (the only non-simsubbed program, not broadcast at that time by any Buffalo station).^[9]

As with most CTV-affiliated stations, CFCF's prime-time network schedule is usually synchronized with the original American airings of the same programs because all major stations serving the Burlington/Plattsburgh area—WCAX, the CBS affialate; WPTZ, the NBC affiliate; WVNY, the ABC affiliate; and WFFF-TV, the Fox affiliate—are available on cable in Montreal and CFCF is likewise available on cable in the Burlington-Plattsburgh area. CFCF's ratings do generally top all of those stations, as well as CBMT-DT, the local CBC station.

In the past, some children's programming was pre-empted, because of provincial regulations on advertising; the station now carries CTV's few remaining children's programs with public service announcements during ad breaks. As well, CFCF did not carry either Wheel of Fortune or Jeopardy! when these were part of the standard CTV schedule; both were picked up by the CBC nationally in the fall of 2008, only for them to be discarded in the fall of 2011.

Most recently, the station began airing promos for Bell Media's secondary television network, CTV Two, despite the fact that CTV Two stations are only available on cable and satellite, with no Quebec affiliates.

News operation

CFCF-DT presently broadcasts 20.5 hours of locally produced newscasts each week (with 3.5 hours on weekdays, and 1.5 hours each on Saturdays and Sundays). The station's studios in Downtown Montreal also house the CTV News network division's Montreal news bureau.

Since 1986, one of CFCF's lead evening anchors has been Mutsumi Takahashi. Tarah Schwartz has been the lead anchor of the weekend edition since 2003, and Paul Karwatsky has been co-anchoring since 2009. One of its most famous anchors, Bill Haugland, is now retired; his last newscast aired on November 30, 2006. Haugland worked at CFCF for more than 40 years. He covered major stories in the 1960s and 1970s before becoming the lead anchor at CFCF in the late-1970s. Haugland was an institution and in a special "Farewell to Bill" show broadcast on his final day, he was heralded by colleagues, viewers and former prime ministers alike. In December 2006, Haugland was replaced by another CFCF veteran newscaster, Brian Britt. Britt too retired on July 24, 2008, and was then fully replaced by Todd van der Heyden. Noted retired hockey broadcaster Dick Irvin was also the longtime sports director and anchor at CFCF.

Until March 10, 2009, CFCF aired a weekday morning newscast at 6 a.m. called First News, which pre-empted the first half hour of Canada AM; anchored by Herb Luft, it was cancelled in favor of an early start time for Canada AM, which was then seen in its entirety starting at 6 a.m. Morning news briefs seen during Canada AM were also cancelled. Luft would continue his role as reporter for the station. These cancellations were part of continuing cutbacks made by CTV due to the economic crisis.^[10]

On May 11, 2011, it was announced that longtime 11:30 p.m. news anchor Debra Arbec had left the station to become the main anchor at CBC O&O CBMT-DT. Various other anchors filled in the void for the remainder of May and then June 2011. CTV reporter/former CJAD and CJFM news announcer Catherine Sherriffs became Arbec's permanent replacement on July 4, 2011.

On December 2, 2011, Todd van der Heyden announced he would step down at the end of the month to become an anchor at CTV News Channel in Toronto. Beginning in 2012, weekend anchor Karwatsky was appointed as interim anchor to replace Van der Heyden while a permanent anchor was found. During the evening, on January 18, 2012, it was made official that Karwatsky will occupy the permanent co-anchor position.^[11]

On July 29, 2014, several layoffs were announced by CTV Montreal's general manager. Among them was Catherine Sherriffs, who at the time was on maternity leave, and was told her job anchoring the 11:30 p.m. newscast was no more. Instead, Paul Karwatsky, already co-anchoring the 6pm and occasionally the 11:30pm news, took over as anchor for the 11:30 pm spot permanently.^[12]

On June 20, 2017, local sportscast programming was canceled, and consequently the immediate layoff of the entire sports department, which included long-time anchor Randy Tieman, reporter Brian Wilde and weekend anchor Sean Coleman.^[13]

On November 14, 2017, long-time executive producer Barry Wilson, best known for his Postscript editorial, was laid off as part of Bell Media's on going cost cutting measures.^[14]

Digital television and high definition

Digital channel

Analogue-to-digital conversion

The station began providing a high definition feed to Videotron and Bell Fibe on December 1, 2009, and in September 2010 respectively. Its digital signal signed on over-the-air on temporary pre-transition UHF channel 51 on January 28, 2011.

On August 31, 2011, when Canadian television stations in CRTC-designated mandatory markets transitioned from analogue to digital broadcasts,^[16]^[17] the station relocated its digital signal from channel 51 to VHF channel 12. The shut down of its analog signal and temporary digital transmitter occurred just after its 11:30 p.m. newscast that evening.

References

1. ^¹{{cite web | author = Library and Archives Canada | author-link = Library and Archives Canada | title = Description of archived material: CFCF (Montreal) fonds | url = http://mikan3.archives.ca/pam/public_mikan/index.php?fuseaction=genitem.displayItem&lang=fre&rec_nbr=190543&rec_nbr_list=106964,97903,190543,190316,189452&print_version=yes | date = 2005-08-07 | accessdate = 2007-12-02 }}
2. ^{{cite web | last = DuImage | first = Bill | title = Radio Station History: CINW(CFCF)-AM, Montreal, Corus Entertainment Inc | publisher = Canadian Communications Foundation | date = October 2007 | url = http://www.broadcasting-history.ca/listings_and_histories/radio/histories.php?id=492&historyID=243 | accessdate = 2007-12-02 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100202143614/http://www.broadcasting-history.ca/listings_and_histories/radio/histories.php?id=492&historyID=243# | archive-date = 2010-02-02 | dead-url = yes | df = }}
3. ^¹{{cite web | last = Chouinard | first = Yvon | title = Biographies: Pouliot, Jean Adelard (1923–2004) | publisher = Canadian Communications Foundation | date = August 2004 | url = http://www.broadcasting-history.ca/personalities/personalities.php?id=336 | accessdate = 2007-12-02 }}
4. ^{{cite web|author=Canadian Newswire |title=Canada loses one of its broadcasting pioneers |publisher=Channel Canada |date=August 2004 |url=http://www.channelcanada.com/Article528.html |accessdate=2007-12-02 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071025234416/http://www.channelcanada.com/Article528.html |archivedate=2007-10-25 |df= }}
5. ^http://blog.fagstein.com/2010/12/01/no-telethon-on-cfcf/ End of Telethon of stars
6. ^CTV camera operator killed in helicopter crash 8/5/2009. CTV.ca
7. ^CFCF-TV: "Condolences for the Haugland and Belanger families" 8/5/2009. CTVMontreal.ca
8. ^Statement on the Death of CTV Cameraman Hugh Haugland CTVglobemedia press release via Canada NewsWire, August 5, 2009,
9. ^Per Zap2it, zip codes 05401 (CFCF and Champlain Valley stations) and 14301 (CFTO and Buffalo stations).
10. ^CFCF-TV: "CTV Montreal Cancels First News", 3/10/2009.
11. ^http://montreal.ctv.ca/servlet/an/local/CTVNews/20120118/mtl_paul_120118/20120118/?hub=MontrealHome
12. ^https://montrealgazette.com/business/Montreal+shed+jobs+anchor+Sherriffs+returning/10079500/story.html
13. ^http://blog.fagstein.com/2017/06/20/ctv-montreal-cancels-local-sportscasts/#more-18321
14. ^http://blog.fagstein.com/2017/11/14/barry-wilson-fired/
15. ^RabbitEars TV Query for CFCF
16. ^{{Cite web |url=http://digitaltv.gc.ca/eng/1298735988428/1298735988465# |title=Digital Television - Office of Consumer Affairs (OCA) |access-date=2013-07-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131120000609/http://digitaltv.gc.ca/eng/1298735988428/1298735988465# |archive-date=2013-11-20 |dead-url=yes |df= }}
17. ^http://digitaltv.gc.ca/eng/1282825334983/1282825604404