| 词条 | Erckel's francolin |
| 释义 |
| name = Erckel's francolin | image = Erckel's_Francolin.PNG | image_caption = Erckel's francolin | status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = [1] | genus = Pternistis | species = erckelii | authority = (Rüppell, 1835) | synonyms = * Francolinus erckelii }} Erckel's francolin (Pternistis erckelii), also known as Erckel's spurfowl,[2] is a species of game bird in the family Phasianidae, native to three countries in northeast Africa and introduced to Hawaii and Italy. TaxonomyErckel's francolin was described by Eduard Rüppell in 1835, under the scientific name Pternistic erckelii, with its holotype located in Taranta Mountains, Ethiopia. It has sometimes been classified in a separate genus, Oreocolinus. It has been proposed to separate the specimens in Sudan, which are grayer than other specimens, into a separate subspecies, P. erckelii pentoni, but this classification is regarded as invalid. The species is believed to be closely related to the Djibouti francolin (Pternistis ochropectus).[2] DescriptionErckel's francolin grows to {{convert|38|–|41|cm|in}},[2] with females being slightly smaller than males.[3] Males grow to {{convert|1.05|–|1.59|kg}}, based on a sample of three specimens, and a single female specimen was observed to weigh {{convert|1.136|kg}}.[2] The Erckel's francolin's body is covered with stripes of chestnut-color, on its upperside and underside. It has a black face and bill, a chestnut-colored head top and back of neck, and yellow legs. It has white ear coverts and a single streak of white behind its eye.[3] BehaviorErckel's francolin can hunt alone or in pairs, in scrublands or at the edge of forests. Its diet consists of plants, such as berries, seeds, and shoots, as well as insects. It is frequently inactive, but if threatened it runs up a hill. It produces territorial calls, which consist of 15–20 notes and are made from clifftops and large rocks.[2] The species' vocalizations are frequently repeated over a long period, and have been described as "an insane cackled laughter, speeding towards the end with a bouncing ball pattern".[3] Eggs are laid during the rainy season from April to November, with the exact time depending on the location; they are laid in May and September to November in Ethiopia, while they are laid in April and May in Sudan.[2] DistributionErckel's francolin is native to the northern parts of Eritrea and Ethiopia, as well as northeast Sudan.[2] In 1957, the species was introduced to Hawaii as a gamebird;[4] it has also been introduced to Italy. It lives in areas {{convert|2000|to|3500|m|ft}} above sea level. Although its exact population is unknown, it is a common species with an estimated extent of occurrence of {{convert|580000|km2|abbr=on}}, causing it to be listed as a species of least concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.[1] References1. ^1 {{Cite journal | author = BirdLife International | title = Pternistis erckelii | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 2016 | page = e.T22678865A92792571 | publisher = IUCN | date = 2016 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22678865/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22678865A92792571.en | access-date = 14 January 2018}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web |last1=McGowan |first1=P. J. K. |last2=Kirwan |first2=G. M. |last3=Boesman |first3=P. |title=Erckel’s Francolin (Pternistis erckelii) |url=https://www.hbw.com/species/erckels-francolin-pternistis-erckelii |website=Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive |publisher=Lynx Edicions |accessdate=17 January 2019}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite book |last1=Redman |first1=Nigel |last2=Stevenson |first2=Terry |last3=Fanshawe |first3=John |title=Birds of the Horn of Africa: Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti, Somalia and Socotra |date=May 11, 2009 |publisher=A&C Black |isbn=0713665416 |page=126 |edition=illustrated |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2i9PsHc2B0wC |accessdate=20 January 2019}} 4. ^{{cite web |title=Erckel's francolin |url=https://hawaiibirdingtrails.hawaii.gov/bird/erckels-francolin/ |website=Hawai`i Birding Trails |accessdate=17 January 2019}} External links{{portal|birds}}
4 : Pternistis|Birds of East Africa|Birds described in 1835|Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。