1. Major events

2. Major legislation

3. Constitutional amendments

4. Treaty

5. Territories organized

6. Party summary
    Senate  House of Representatives 

7. Leadership
     Senate    House of Representatives  

8. Members
     Senate    Alabama    Arkansas    California    Connecticut    Delaware    Florida    Georgia    Illinois    Indiana    Iowa    Kansas    Kentucky    Louisiana    Maine    Maryland    Massachusetts    Michigan    Minnesota    Mississippi    Missouri    Nebraska    Nevada    New Hampshire    New Jersey    New York    North Carolina    Ohio    Oregon    Pennsylvania    Rhode Island    South Carolina    Tennessee    Texas    Vermont    Virginia    West Virginia    Wisconsin    House of Representatives    Alabama    Arkansas    California    Connecticut    Delaware    Florida    Georgia    Illinois    Indiana    Iowa    Kansas    Kentucky    Louisiana    Maine    Maryland    Massachusetts    Michigan    Minnesota    Mississippi    Missouri    Nebraska    Nevada    New Hampshire    New Jersey    New York    North Carolina    Ohio    Oregon    Pennsylvania    Rhode Island    South Carolina    Tennessee    Texas    Vermont    Virginia    West Virginia    Wisconsin    Non-voting members  

9. Changes in membership
     Senate    House of Representatives  

10. Committees
     Senate  House of Representatives  Joint committees 

11. Caucuses

12. Employees
      Senate    House of Representatives  

13. See also

14. References

15. External links

The Fortieth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1867, to March 4, 1869, during the third and fourth years of Andrew Johnson's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Eighth Census of the United States in 1860. Both chambers had a Republican majority.

Major events

• March 30, 1867: Alaska Purchase
• February 24, 1868: Impeachment of Andrew Johnson
• May 16, 1868: President Johnson acquitted
• May 26, 1868: President Johnson acquitted again
• November 3, 1868: 1868 presidential election: Ulysses S. Grant (R) defeated Horatio Seymour (D)
• December 25, 1868: President Johnson granted unconditional pardons to all Civil War rebels
• January 20, 1869: Elizabeth Cady Stanton was the first woman to testify before Congress

Major legislation

• Four Military Reconstruction Acts, continued:
  • March 2, 1867, ch. 153, {{USStat|14|428}}
  • March 23, 1867, ch. 6, {{USStat|15|2}}
  • July 19, 1867, ch. 30, {{USStat|15|14}}
  • March 11, 1868, ch. 25, {{USStat|15|41}}
• July 27, 1868: Expatriation Act of 1868, ch. 249, {{USStat|15|223}}

Constitutional amendments

• July 10, 1868: Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution declared ratified
• February 26, 1869: Approved an amendment to the Constutiton prohibiting the federal and state governments from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen's "race, color, or previous condition of servitude", and submitted it to the state legislatures for ratification^[1]
  • Amendment was later ratified on February 3, 1870, becoming the Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution^[1]

Treaty

• February 16, 1868: Treaty of Fort Laramie (1868) ratified
• April 29, 1868: Treaty of Fort Laramie (1868), {{USStat|15|635}}, signed

Territories organized

• July 25, 1868: Wyoming Territory organized^[2]

Party summary

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

During this Congress, Arkansas, Florida, Alabama, North Carolina, Louisiana, and South Carolina were readmitted to representation in both the Senate and the House. Georgia was readmitted with representation in the House only.

Senate

House of Representatives

Leadership

Senate

• President: Vacant
• President pro tempore: Benjamin Wade (R)
• Republican Conference Chairman: Henry B. Anthony
• Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: James Rood Doolittle

House of Representatives

• Speaker: Schuyler Colfax (R), until March 3, 1869
  • Theodore M. Pomeroy (R), elected March 3, 1869. Served for 1 day.

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.

Senate

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1868; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1870; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1872.

Skip to House of Representatives, below

Alabama

• 2. Willard Warner (R), from July 13, 1868
• 3. George E. Spencer (R), from July 13, 1868

Arkansas

• 2. Alexander McDonald (R), from June 22, 1868
• 3. Benjamin F. Rice (R), from June 23, 1868

California

• 1. John Conness (R)
• 3. Cornelius Cole (R)

Connecticut

• 1. James Dixon (R)
• 3. Orris S. Ferry (R)

Delaware

• 1. George R. Riddle (D), until March 29, 1867
  • James A. Bayard, Jr. (D), from April 11, 1867
• 2. Willard Saulsbury, Sr. (D)

Florida

• 3. Thomas W. Osborn (R), from June 25, 1868
• 1. Adonijah Welch (R), from June 17, 1868

Georgia

• 2. Vacant
• 3. Vacant

Illinois

• 3. Lyman Trumbull (R)
• 2. Richard Yates (R)

Indiana

• 1. Thomas A. Hendricks (D)
• 3. Oliver H. P. T. Morton (R)

Iowa

• 2. James W. Grimes (R)
• 3. James Harlan (R)

Kansas

• 3. Samuel C. Pomeroy (R)
• 2. Edmund G. Ross (R)

Kentucky

• 3. Garrett Davis (D)
• 2. James Guthrie (D), until February 7, 1868
  • Thomas C. McCreery (D), from February 19, 1868

Louisiana

• 2. John S. Harris (R), from July 8, 1868
• 3. William Pitt Kellogg (R), from July 9, 1868

Maine

• 1. Lot M. Morrill (R)
• 2. William Pitt Fessenden (R)

Maryland

• 1. Reverdy Johnson (D), until July 10, 1868
  • William Pinkney Whyte (D), from July 13, 1868
• 3. George Vickers (D), from March 7, 1868

Massachusetts

• 1. Charles Sumner (R)
• 2. Henry Wilson (R)

Michigan

• 1. Zachariah Chandler (R)
• 2. Jacob M. Howard (R)

Minnesota

• 1. Alexander Ramsey (R)
• 2. Daniel S. Norton (R)

Mississippi

• 1. Vacant
• 2. Vacant

Missouri

• 1. John B. Henderson (R)
• 3. Charles D. Drake (R)

Nebraska

• 2. John M. Thayer (R)
• 1. Thomas Tipton (R)

Nevada

• 1. William M. Stewart (R)
• 3. James W. Nye (R)

New Hampshire

• 2. Aaron H. Cragin (R)
• 3. James W. Patterson (R)

New Jersey

• 2. Alexander G. Cattell (R)
• 1. Frederick T. Frelinghuysen (R)

New York

• 1. Edwin D. Morgan (R)
• 3. Roscoe Conkling (R)

North Carolina

• 2. Joseph C. Abbott (R), from July 14, 1868
• 3. John Pool (R), from July 14, 1868

Ohio

• 1. Benjamin Wade (R)
• 3. John Sherman (R)

Oregon

• 2. George H. Williams (R)
• 3. Henry W. Corbett (R)

Pennsylvania

• 1. Charles R. Buckalew (D)
• 3. Simon Cameron (R)

Rhode Island

• 2. Henry B. Anthony (R)
• 1. William Sprague (R)

South Carolina

• 2. Thomas J. Robertson (R), from July 15, 1868
• 3. Frederick A. Sawyer (R), from July 16, 1868

Tennessee

• 2. Joseph S. Fowler (R)
• 1. David T. Patterson (D)

Texas

• 1. Vacant
• 2. Vacant

Vermont

• 1. George F. Edmunds (R)
• 3. Justin S. Morrill (R)

Virginia

• 1. Vacant
• 2. Vacant

West Virginia

• 1. Peter G. Van Winkle (R)
• 2. Waitman T. Willey (R)

Wisconsin

• 1. James R. Doolittle (R)
• 3. Timothy O. Howe (R)

House of Representatives

The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

Alabama

(6 Republicans)

• {{ushr|Alabama|1|1}}. Francis W. Kellogg (R), from July 22, 1868
• {{ushr|Alabama|2|2}}. Charles W. Buckley (R), from July 21, 1868
• {{ushr|Alabama|3|3}}. Benjamin W. Norris (R), from July 21, 1868
• {{ushr|Alabama|4|4}}. Charles W. Pierce (R), from July 21, 1868
• {{ushr|Alabama|5|5}}. John B. Callis (R), from July 21, 1868
• {{ushr|Alabama|6|6}}. Thomas Haughey (R), from July 21, 1868

Arkansas

(3 Republicans)

• {{ushr|Arkansas|1|1}}. Logan H. Roots (R), from June 22, 1868
• {{ushr|Arkansas|2|2}}. James M. Hinds (R), June 22, 1868 – October 22, 1868
  • James T. Elliott (R), from January 13, 1869
• {{ushr|Arkansas|3|3}}. Thomas Boles (R), from June 22, 1868

California

(2-1 Democratic)

• {{ushr|California|1|1}}. Samuel B. Axtell (D)
• {{ushr|California|2|2}}. William Higby (R)
• {{ushr|California|3|3}}. James A. Johnson (D)

Connecticut

(3-1 Democratic)

• {{ushr|Connecticut|1|1}}. Richard D. Hubbard (D)
• {{ushr|Connecticut|2|2}}. Julius Hotchkiss (D)
• {{ushr|Connecticut|3|3}}. Henry H. Starkweather (R)
• {{ushr|Connecticut|4|4}}. William H. Barnum (D)

Delaware

(1 Democrat)

• {{ushr|Delaware|AL|At-large}}. John A. Nicholson (D)

Florida

(1 Republican)

• {{ushr|Florida|AL|At-large}}. Charles M. Hamilton (R), from July 1, 1868

Georgia

(4-2 Republican)

• {{ushr|Georgia|1|1}}. Joseph W. Clift (R), from July 25, 1868
• {{ushr|Georgia|2|2}}. Nelson Tift (D), from July 25, 1868
• {{ushr|Georgia|3|3}}. William P. Edwards (R), from July 25, 1868
• {{ushr|Georgia|4|4}}. Samuel F. Gove (R), from July 25, 1868
• {{ushr|Georgia|5|5}}. Charles H. Prince (R), from July 25, 1868
• {{ushr|Georgia|6|6}}. Vacant
• {{ushr|Georgia|7|7}}. Pierce M. B. Young (D), from July 25, 1868

Illinois

(11-3 Republican)

• {{ushr|Illinois|1|1}}. Norman B. Judd (R)
• {{ushr|Illinois|2|2}}. John F. Farnsworth (R)
• {{ushr|Illinois|3|3}}. Elihu B. Washburne (R)
• {{ushr|Illinois|4|4}}. Abner C. Harding (R)
• {{ushr|Illinois|5|5}}. Ebon C. Ingersoll (R)
• {{ushr|Illinois|6|6}}. Burton C. Cook (R)
• {{ushr|Illinois|7|7}}. Henry P. H. Bromwell (R)
• {{ushr|Illinois|8|8}}. Shelby M. Cullom (R)
• {{ushr|Illinois|9|9}}. Lewis W. Ross (D)
• {{ushr|Illinois|10|10}}. Albert G. Burr (D)
• {{ushr|Illinois|11|11}}. Samuel S. Marshall (D)
• {{ushr|Illinois|12|12}}. Jehu Baker (R)
• {{ushr|Illinois|13|13}}. Green B. Raum (R)
• {{ushr|Illinois|AL|At-large}}. John A. Logan (R)

Indiana

(8-3 Republican)

• {{ushr|Indiana|1|1}}. William E. Niblack (D)
• {{ushr|Indiana|2|2}}. Michael C. Kerr (D)
• {{ushr|Indiana|3|3}}. Morton C. Hunter (R)
• {{ushr|Indiana|4|4}}. William S. Holman (D)
• {{ushr|Indiana|5|5}}. George W. Julian (R)
• {{ushr|Indiana|6|6}}. John Coburn (R)
• {{ushr|Indiana|7|7}}. Henry D. Washburn (R)
• {{ushr|Indiana|8|8}}. Godlove S. Orth (R)
• {{ushr|Indiana|9|9}}. Schuyler Colfax (R)
• {{ushr|Indiana|10|10}}. William Williams (R)
• {{ushr|Indiana|11|11}}. John P. C. Shanks (R)

Iowa

(6 Republicans)

• {{ushr|Iowa|1|1}}. James F. Wilson (R)
• {{ushr|Iowa|2|2}}. Hiram Price (R)
• {{ushr|Iowa|3|3}}. William B. Allison (R)
• {{ushr|Iowa|4|4}}. William Loughridge (R)
• {{ushr|Iowa|5|5}}. Grenville M. Dodge (R)
• {{ushr|Iowa|6|6}}. Asahel W. Hubbard (R)

Kansas

(1 Republican)

• {{ushr|Kansas|AL|At-large}}. Sidney Clarke (R)

Kentucky

(8-1 Democratic)

• {{ushr|Kentucky|1|1}}. Lawrence S. Trimble (D)
• {{ushr|Kentucky|2|2}}. Vacant
• {{ushr|Kentucky|3|3}}. Elijah Hise (D), until May 8, 1867
  • Jacob Golladay (D), from December 5, 1867
• {{ushr|Kentucky|4|4}}. J. Proctor Knott (D)
• {{ushr|Kentucky|5|5}}. Asa Grover (D)
• {{ushr|Kentucky|6|6}}. Thomas L. Jones (D)
• {{ushr|Kentucky|7|7}}. James B. Beck (D)
• {{ushr|Kentucky|8|8}}. George M. Adams (D)
• {{ushr|Kentucky|9|9}}. Samuel McKee (R), from June 22, 1868

Louisiana

(4-1 Republican)

• {{ushr|Louisiana|1|1}}. J. Hale Sypher (R), from July 18, 1868
• {{ushr|Louisiana|2|2}}. James Mann (D), July 18, 1868 – August 26, 1868
• {{ushr|Louisiana|3|3}}. Joseph P. Newsham (R), from July 18, 1868
• {{ushr|Louisiana|4|4}}. Michel Vidal (R), from July 18, 1868
• {{ushr|Louisiana|5|5}}. W. Jasper Blackburn (R), from July 18, 1868

Maine

(5 Republicans)

• {{ushr|Maine|1|1}}. John Lynch (R)
• {{ushr|Maine|2|2}}. Sidney Perham (R)
• {{ushr|Maine|3|3}}. James G. Blaine (R)
• {{ushr|Maine|4|4}}. John A. Peters (R)
• {{ushr|Maine|5|5}}. Frederick A. Pike (R)

Maryland

(3-1 Democratic, 1 Conservative)

• {{ushr|Maryland|1|1}}. Hiram McCullough (D)
• {{ushr|Maryland|2|2}}. Stevenson Archer (D)
• {{ushr|Maryland|3|3}}. Charles E. Phelps (C)
• {{ushr|Maryland|4|4}}. Francis Thomas (R)
• {{ushr|Maryland|5|5}}. Frederick Stone (D)

Massachusetts

(10 Republicans)

• {{ushr|Massachusetts|1|1}}. Thomas D. Eliot (R)
• {{ushr|Massachusetts|2|2}}. Oakes Ames (R)
• {{ushr|Massachusetts|3|3}}. Ginery Twichell (R)
• {{ushr|Massachusetts|4|4}}. Samuel Hooper (R)
• {{ushr|Massachusetts|5|5}}. Benjamin F. Butler (R)
• {{ushr|Massachusetts|6|6}}. Nathaniel P. Banks (R)
• {{ushr|Massachusetts|7|7}}. George S. Boutwell (R)
• {{ushr|Massachusetts|8|8}}. John D. Baldwin (R)
• {{ushr|Massachusetts|9|9}}. William B. Washburn (R)
• {{ushr|Massachusetts|10|10}}. Henry L. Dawes (R)

Michigan

(6 Republicans)

• {{ushr|Michigan|1|1}}. Fernando C. Beaman (R)
• {{ushr|Michigan|2|2}}. Charles Upson (R)
• {{ushr|Michigan|3|3}}. Austin Blair (R)
• {{ushr|Michigan|4|4}}. Thomas W. Ferry (R)
• {{ushr|Michigan|5|5}}. Rowland E. Trowbridge (R)
• {{ushr|Michigan|6|6}}. John F. Driggs (R)

Minnesota

(2 Republicans)

• {{ushr|Minnesota|1|1}}. William Windom (R)
• {{ushr|Minnesota|2|2}}. Ignatius L. Donnelly (R)

Mississippi

• {{ushr|Mississippi|1|1}}. Vacant
• {{ushr|Mississippi|2|2}}. Vacant
• {{ushr|Mississippi|3|3}}. Vacant
• {{ushr|Mississippi|4|4}}. Vacant
• {{ushr|Mississippi|5|5}}. Vacant

Missouri

(8-1 Republican)

• {{ushr|Missouri|1|1}}. William A. Pile (R)
• {{ushr|Missouri|2|2}}. Carman A. Newcomb (R)
• {{ushr|Missouri|3|3}}. Thomas E. Noell (D), until October 3, 1867
  • James R. McCormick (D), from December 17, 1867
• {{ushr|Missouri|4|4}}. Joseph J. Gravely (R)
• {{ushr|Missouri|5|5}}. Joseph W. McClurg (R), until July 1868
  • John H. Stover (R), from December 7, 1868
• {{ushr|Missouri|6|6}}. Robert T. Van Horn (R)
• {{ushr|Missouri|7|7}}. Benjamin F. Loan (R)
• {{ushr|Missouri|8|8}}. John F. Benjamin (R)
• {{ushr|Missouri|9|9}}. George W. Anderson (R)

Nebraska

(1 Republican)

• {{ushr|Nebraska|AL|At-large}}. John Taffe (R)

Nevada

(1 Republican)

• {{ushr|Nevada|AL|At-large}}. Delos R. Ashley (R)

New Hampshire

(3 Republicans)

• {{ushr|New Hampshire|1|1}}. Jacob H. Ela (R)
• {{ushr|New Hampshire|2|2}}. Aaron F. Stevens (R)
• {{ushr|New Hampshire|3|3}}. Jacob Benton (R)

New Jersey

(3-2 Republican)

• {{ushr|New Jersey|1|1}}. William Moore (R)
• {{ushr|New Jersey|2|2}}. Charles Haight (D)
• {{ushr|New Jersey|3|3}}. Charles Sitgreaves (D)
• {{ushr|New Jersey|4|4}}. John Hill (R)
• {{ushr|New Jersey|5|5}}. George A. Halsey (R)

New York

(21-10 Republican)

• {{ushr|New York|1|1}}. Stephen Taber (D)
• {{ushr|New York|2|2}}. Demas Barnes (D)
• {{ushr|New York|3|3}}. William E. Robinson (D)
• {{ushr|New York|4|4}}. John Fox (D)
• {{ushr|New York|5|5}}. John Morrissey (D)
• {{ushr|New York|6|6}}. Thomas E. Stewart (CR)
• {{ushr|New York|7|7}}. John W. Chanler (D)
• {{ushr|New York|8|8}}. James Brooks (D)
• {{ushr|New York|9|9}}. Fernando Wood (D)
• {{ushr|New York|10|10}}. William H. Robertson (R)
• {{ushr|New York|11|11}}. Charles H. Van Wyck (R)
• {{ushr|New York|12|12}}. John H. Ketcham (R)
• {{ushr|New York|13|13}}. Thomas Cornell (R)
• {{ushr|New York|14|14}}. John V. L. Pruyn (D)
• {{ushr|New York|15|15}}. John A. Griswold (R)
• {{ushr|New York|16|16}}. Orange Ferriss (R)
• {{ushr|New York|17|17}}. Calvin T. Hulburd (R)
• {{ushr|New York|18|18}}. James M. Marvin (R)
• {{ushr|New York|19|19}}. William C. Fields (R)
• {{ushr|New York|20|20}}. Addison H. Laflin (R)
• {{ushr|New York|21|21}}. Roscoe Conkling (R), until March 4, 1867
  • Alexander H. Bailey (R), from November 30, 1867
• {{ushr|New York|22|22}}. John C. Churchill (R)
• {{ushr|New York|23|23}}. Dennis McCarthy (R)
• {{ushr|New York|24|24}}. Theodore M. Pomeroy (R)
• {{ushr|New York|25|25}}. William H. Kelsey (R)
• {{ushr|New York|26|26}}. William S. Lincoln (R)
• {{ushr|New York|27|27}}. Hamilton Ward, Sr. (R)
• {{ushr|New York|28|28}}. Lewis Selye (IR)
• {{ushr|New York|29|29}}. Burt Van Horn (R)
• {{ushr|New York|30|30}}. James M. Humphrey (D)
• {{ushr|New York|31|31}}. Henry H. Van Aernam (R)

North Carolina

(5-1 Republican)

• {{ushr|North Carolina|1|1}}. John R. French (R), from July 15, 1868
• {{ushr|North Carolina|2|2}}. David Heaton (R), from July 25, 1868
• {{ushr|North Carolina|3|3}}. Oliver H. Dockery (R), from July 13, 1868
• {{ushr|North Carolina|4|4}}. John T. Deweese (R), from July 6, 1868
• {{ushr|North Carolina|5|5}}. Israel G. Lash (R), from July 20, 1868
• {{ushr|North Carolina|6|6}}. Nathaniel Boyden (C), from July 13, 1868
• {{ushr|North Carolina|7|7}}. Alexander H. Jones (R), from July 6, 1868

Ohio

(16-3 Republican)

• {{ushr|Ohio|1|1}}. Benjamin Eggleston (R)
• {{ushr|Ohio|2|2}}. Rutherford B. Hayes (R), until July 20, 1867
  • Samuel F. Cary (IR), from November 21, 1867
• {{ushr|Ohio|3|3}}. Robert C. Schenck (R)
• {{ushr|Ohio|4|4}}. William Lawrence (R)
• {{ushr|Ohio|5|5}}. William Mungen (D)
• {{ushr|Ohio|6|6}}. Reader W. Clarke (R)
• {{ushr|Ohio|7|7}}. Samuel Shellabarger (R)
• {{ushr|Ohio|8|8}}. Cornelius S. Hamilton (R), until December 22, 1867
  • John Beatty (R), from February 5, 1868
• {{ushr|Ohio|9|9}}. Ralph P. Buckland (R)
• {{ushr|Ohio|10|10}}. James M. Ashley (R)
• {{ushr|Ohio|11|11}}. John T. Wilson (R)
• {{ushr|Ohio|12|12}}. Philadelph Van Trump (D)
• {{ushr|Ohio|13|13}}. George W. Morgan (D), until June 3, 1868
  • Columbus Delano (R), from June 3, 1868
• {{ushr|Ohio|14|14}}. Martin Welker (R)
• {{ushr|Ohio|15|15}}. Tobias A. Plants (R)
• {{ushr|Ohio|16|16}}. John Bingham (R)
• {{ushr|Ohio|17|17}}. Ephraim R. Eckley (R)
• {{ushr|Ohio|18|18}}. Rufus P. Spalding (R)
• {{ushr|Ohio|19|19}}. James A. Garfield (R)

Oregon

(1 Republican)

• {{ushr|Oregon|AL|At-large}}. Rufus Mallory (R)

Pennsylvania

(18-6 Republican)

• {{ushr|Pennsylvania|1|1}}. Samuel J. Randall (D)
• {{ushr|Pennsylvania|2|2}}. Charles O'Neill (R)
• {{ushr|Pennsylvania|3|3}}. Leonard Myers (R)
• {{ushr|Pennsylvania|4|4}}. William D. Kelley (R)
• {{ushr|Pennsylvania|5|5}}. Caleb N. Taylor (R)
• {{ushr|Pennsylvania|6|6}}. Benjamin M. Boyer (D)
• {{ushr|Pennsylvania|7|7}}. John M. Broomall (R)
• {{ushr|Pennsylvania|8|8}}. J. Lawrence Getz (D)
• {{ushr|Pennsylvania|9|9}}. Thaddeus Stevens (R), until August 11, 1868
  • Oliver J. Dickey (R), from December 7, 1868
• {{ushr|Pennsylvania|10|10}}. Henry L. Cake (R)
• {{ushr|Pennsylvania|11|11}}. Daniel M. Van Auken (D)
• {{ushr|Pennsylvania|12|12}}. Charles Denison (D), until June 27, 1867
  • George W. Woodward (D), from November 21, 1867
• {{ushr|Pennsylvania|13|13}}. Ulysses Mercur (R)
• {{ushr|Pennsylvania|14|14}}. George F. Miller (R)
• {{ushr|Pennsylvania|15|15}}. Adam J. Glossbrenner (D)
• {{ushr|Pennsylvania|16|16}}. William H. Koontz (R)
• {{ushr|Pennsylvania|17|17}}. Daniel J. Morrell (R)
• {{ushr|Pennsylvania|18|18}}. Stephen F. Wilson (R)
• {{ushr|Pennsylvania|19|19}}. Glenni W. Scofield (R)
• {{ushr|Pennsylvania|20|20}}. Darwin A. Finney (R), until August 25, 1868
  • S. Newton Pettis (R), from December 7, 1868
• {{ushr|Pennsylvania|21|21}}. John Covode (R)
• {{ushr|Pennsylvania|22|22}}. James K. Moorhead (R)
• {{ushr|Pennsylvania|23|23}}. Thomas Williams (R)
• {{ushr|Pennsylvania|24|24}}. George V. Lawrence (R)

Rhode Island

(2 Republicans)

• {{ushr|Rhode Island|1|1}}. Thomas Jenckes (R)
• {{ushr|Rhode Island|2|2}}. Nathan F. Dixon, Jr. (R)

South Carolina

(4 Republicans)

• {{ushr|South Carolina|1|1}}. B. Frank Whittemore (R), from July 18, 1868
• {{ushr|South Carolina|2|2}}. Christopher C. Bowen (R), from July 18, 1868
• {{ushr|South Carolina|3|3}}. M. Simeon Corley (R), from July 25, 1868
• {{ushr|South Carolina|4|4}}. James H. Goss (R), from July 18, 1868

Tennessee

(8 Republicans)

• {{ushr|Tennessee|1|1}}. Roderick R. Butler (R)
• {{ushr|Tennessee|2|2}}. Horace Maynard (R)
• {{ushr|Tennessee|3|3}}. William B. Stokes (R)
• {{ushr|Tennessee|4|4}}. James Mullins (R)
• {{ushr|Tennessee|5|5}}. John Trimble (R)
• {{ushr|Tennessee|6|6}}. Samuel M. Arnell (R)
• {{ushr|Tennessee|7|7}}. Isaac R. Hawkins (R)
• {{ushr|Tennessee|8|8}}. David A. Nunn (R)

Texas

• {{ushr|Texas|1|1}}. Vacant
• {{ushr|Texas|2|2}}. Vacant
• {{ushr|Texas|3|3}}. Vacant
• {{ushr|Texas|4|4}}. Vacant

Vermont

(3 Republicans)

• {{ushr|Vermont|1|1}}. Frederick E. Woodbridge (R)
• {{ushr|Vermont|2|2}}. Luke P. Poland (R)
• {{ushr|Vermont|3|3}}. Worthington C. Smith (R)

Virginia

• {{ushr|Virginia|1|1}}. Vacant
• {{ushr|Virginia|2|2}}. Vacant
• {{ushr|Virginia|3|3}}. Vacant
• {{ushr|Virginia|4|4}}. Vacant
• {{ushr|Virginia|5|5}}. Vacant
• {{ushr|Virginia|6|6}}. Vacant
• {{ushr|Virginia|7|7}}. Vacant
• {{ushr|Virginia|8|8}}. Vacant

West Virginia

(3 Republicans)

• {{ushr|West Virginia|1|1}}. Chester D. Hubbard (R)
• {{ushr|West Virginia|2|2}}. Bethuel Kitchen (R)
• {{ushr|West Virginia|3|3}}. Daniel Polsley (R)

Wisconsin

(5-1 Republican)

• {{ushr|Wisconsin|1|1}}. Halbert E. Paine (R)
• {{ushr|Wisconsin|2|2}}. Benjamin F. Hopkins (R)
• {{ushr|Wisconsin|3|3}}. Amasa Cobb (R)
• {{ushr|Wisconsin|4|4}}. Charles A. Eldredge (D)
• {{ushr|Wisconsin|5|5}}. Philetus Sawyer (R)
• {{ushr|Wisconsin|6|6}}. Cadwallader C. Washburn (R)

Non-voting members

(4-3 Democratic, 1 Independent)

• {{ushr|Arizona Territory|AL|Arizona Territory}}. Coles Bashford (I)
• {{ushr|Colorado Territory|AL|Colorado Territory}}. George M. Chilcott (R)
• {{ushr|Dakota Territory|AL|Dakota Territory}}. Walter A. Burleigh (R)
• {{ushr|Idaho Territory|AL|Idaho Territory}}. Edward D. Holbrook (D)
• {{ushr|Montana Territory|AL|Montana Territory}}. James M. Cavanaugh (D)
• {{ushr|New Mexico Territory|AL|New Mexico Territory}}. Charles P. Clever (D), from September 2, 1867 - February 20, 1869
  • J. Francisco Chaves (R), from February 20, 1869
• {{ushr|New Mexico Territory|AL|Utah Territory}}. William H. Hooper (D)
• {{ushr|Washington Territory|AL|Washington Territory}}. Alvan Flanders (R)

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

• replacements: 3
  • Democratic: 0 seat net loss
  • Republican: 0 seat net gain
• deaths: 1
• resignations: 2
• interim appointments: 1
• seats from newly re-admitted states: 12
• Total seats with changes: 16

{{see also|List of special elections to the United States Senate}}{{Ordinal US Congress Senate}}
|-
| Delaware (1)
| nowrap {{Party shading/Democratic}} | George R. Riddle (D)
| Died March 29, 1867.
Successor appointed April 5, 1867.
Appointee was subsequently elected January 19, 1869, to finish the term.^[3]
| nowrap {{Party shading/Democratic}} | James A. Bayard, Jr. (D)
| April 5, 1867
|-
| Kentucky (2)
| nowrap {{Party shading/Democratic}} | James Guthrie (D)
| Resigned February 7, 1868, because of failing health.
Successor elected February 19, 1868.
| nowrap {{Party shading/Democratic}} | Thomas C. McCreery (D)
| February 19, 1868
|-
| Maryland (3)
| Vacant
| Filled vacancy caused by action of the Senate in declining to permit Philip F. Thomas to qualify.
Successor elected March 7, 1868.
| nowrap {{Party shading/Democratic}} | George Vickers (D)
| March 7, 1868
|-
| Florida (1)
| Vacant
| Florida re-admitted to the Union
| nowrap {{Party shading/Republican}} | Adonijah Welch (R)
| June 17, 1868
|-
| Arkansas (2)
| rowspan=2 | Vacant
| rowspan=2 | Arkansas re-admitted to the Union
| nowrap {{Party shading/Republican}} | Alexander McDonald (R)
| June 22, 1868
|-
| Arkansas (3)
| nowrap {{Party shading/Republican}} | Benjamin F. Rice (R)
| June 23, 1868
|-
| Florida (3)
| Vacant
| Florida re-admitted to the Union
| nowrap {{Party shading/Republican}} | Thomas W. Osborn (R)
| June 25, 1868
|-
| Louisiana (2)
| rowspan=2 | Vacant
| rowspan=2 | Louisiana re-admitted to the Union
| nowrap {{Party shading/Republican}} | John S. Harris (R)
| July 8, 1868
|-
| Louisiana (3)
| nowrap {{Party shading/Republican}} | William P. Kellogg (R)
| July 9, 1868
|-
| Alabama (2)
| rowspan=2 | Vacant
| rowspan=2 | Alabama re-admitted to the Union
| nowrap {{Party shading/Republican}} | Willard Warner (R)
| rowspan=3 | July 13, 1868
|-
| Alabama (3)
| nowrap {{Party shading/Republican}} | George E. Spencer (R)
|-
| Maryland (1)
| nowrap {{Party shading/Democratic}} | Reverdy Johnson (D)
| Resigned July 10, 1868, to become U.S. Ambassador to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
Successor appointed July 13, 1868.
| nowrap {{Party shading/Democratic}} | William P. Whyte (D)
|-
| North Carolina (2)
| rowspan=2 | Vacant
| rowspan=2 | North Carolina re-admitted to the Union
| nowrap {{Party shading/Republican}} | Joseph C. Abbott (R)
| rowspan=2 | July 14, 1868
|-
| North Carolina (3)
| nowrap {{Party shading/Republican}} | John Pool (R)
|-
| South Carolina (2)
| rowspan=2 | Vacant
| rowspan=2 | South Carolina re-admitted to the Union
| nowrap {{Party shading/Republican}} | Thomas J. Robertson (R)
| July 15, 1868
|-
| South Carolina (3)
| nowrap {{Party shading/Republican}} | Frederick A. Sawyer (R)
| July 16, 1868
|}

House of Representatives

• replacements: 10
  • Democratic: 2 seat net loss
  • Republican: 0 seat net gain
  • Independent Republican: 1 seat net gain
  • Conservative: 0 seat net gain
• deaths: 8
• resignations: 3
• contested election: 3
• seats from re-admitted states: 32
• Total seats with changes: 44

{{See also|List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives}}{{Ordinal US Congress Rep}}
|-
| {{ushr|New Mexico Territory|AL|New Mexico Territory At-large}}
| Vacant
| Vacancy in term
| nowrap {{party shading/Democratic}} | Charles P. Clever (D)
| September 2, 1867
|-
| {{ushr|Arkansas|1|Arkansas 1st}}
| rowspan=3 | Vacant
| rowspan=3 | Arkansas re-admitted into the Union
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Logan H. Roots (R)
| rowspan=3 | June 22, 1868
|-
| {{ushr|Arkansas|2|Arkansas 2nd}}
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | James M. Hinds (R)
|-
| {{ushr|Arkansas|3|Arkansas 3rd}}
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Thomas Boles (R)
|-
| {{ushr|Kentucky|9|Kentucky 9th}}
| Vacant
| John D. Young presented credentials but failed to qualify. Election was contested by McKee.
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Samuel McKee (R)
| June 22, 1868
|-
| {{ushr|Florida|AL|Florida At-large}}
| Vacant
| Florida re-admitted into the Union
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Charles M. Hamilton (R)
| July 1, 1868
|-
| {{ushr|North Carolina|4|North Carolina 4th}}
| rowspan=5 | Vacant
| rowspan=5 | North Carolina re-admitted into the Union
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | John T. Deweese (R)
| rowspan=2 | July 6, 1868
|-
| {{ushr|North Carolina|7|North Carolina 7th}}
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Alexander H. Jones (R)
|-
| {{ushr|North Carolina|3|North Carolina 3rd}}
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Oliver H. Dockery (R)
| rowspan=2 | July 13, 1868
|-
| {{ushr|North Carolina|6|North Carolina 6th}}
| nowrap {{party shading/Conservative}} | Nathaniel Boyden (C)
|-
| {{ushr|North Carolina|1|North Carolina 1st}}
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | John R. French (R)
| July 15, 1868
|-
| {{ushr|Louisiana|1|Louisiana 1st}}
| rowspan=5 | Vacant
| rowspan=5 | Louisiana re-admitted into the Union
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | J. Hale Sypher (R)
| rowspan=5 | July 18, 1868
|-
| {{ushr|Louisiana|2|Louisiana 2nd}}
| nowrap {{party shading/Democratic}} | James Mann (D)
|-
| {{ushr|Louisiana|3|Louisiana 3rd}}
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Joseph P. Newsham (R)
|-
| {{ushr|Louisiana|4|Louisiana 4th}}
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Michel Vidal (R)
|-
| {{ushr|Louisiana|5|Louisiana 5th}}
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | W. Jasper Blackburn (R)
|-
| {{ushr|South Carolina|1|South Carolina 1st}}
| rowspan=3 | Vacant
| rowspan=3 | South Carolina re-admitted into the Union
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Benjamin F. Whittemore (R)
| rowspan=3 | July 18, 1868
|-
| {{ushr|South Carolina|2|South Carolina 2nd}}
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Christopher C. Bowen (R)
|-
| {{ushr|South Carolina|4|South Carolina 4th}}
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | James H. Goss (R)
|-
| {{ushr|North Carolina|5|North Carolina 5th}}
| Vacant
| North Carolina re-admitted into the Union
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Israel G. Lash (R)
| July 20, 1868
|-
| {{ushr|Alabama|2|Alabama 2nd}}
| rowspan=6 | Vacant
| rowspan=6 | Alabama re-admitted into the Union
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Charles W. Buckley (R)
| rowspan=5 | July 21, 1868
|-
| {{ushr|Alabama|3|Alabama 3rd}}
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Benjamin W. Norris (R)
|-
| {{ushr|Alabama|4|Alabama 4th}}
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Charles W. Pierce (R)
|-
| {{ushr|Alabama|5|Alabama 5th}}
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | John B. Callis (R)
|-
| {{ushr|Alabama|6|Alabama 6th}}
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Thomas Haughey (R)
|-
| {{ushr|Alabama|1|Alabama 1st}}
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Francis W. Kellogg (R)
| July 22, 1868
|-
| {{ushr|Georgia|1|Georgia 1st}}
| rowspan=6 | Vacant
| rowspan=6 | Georgia re-admitted into the Union
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Joseph W. Clift (R)
| rowspan=6 | July 25, 1868
|-
| {{ushr|Georgia|2|Georgia 2nd}}
| nowrap {{party shading/Democratic}} | Nelson Tift (D)
|-
| {{ushr|Georgia|3|Georgia 3rd}}
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | William P. Edwards (R)
|-
| {{ushr|Georgia|4|Georgia 4th}}
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Samuel F. Gove (R)
|-
| {{ushr|Georgia|5|Georgia 5th}}
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Charles H. Prince (R)
|-
| {{ushr|Georgia|7|Georgia 7th}}
| nowrap {{party shading/Democratic}} | Pierce M. B. Young (D)
|-
| {{ushr|North Carolina|2|North Carolina 2nd}}
| Vacant
| North Carolina re-admitted into the Union
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | David Heaton (R)
| July 25, 1868
|-
| {{ushr|South Carolina|1|South Carolina 1st}}
| Vacant
| South Carolina re-admitted into the Union
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Manuel S. Corley (R)
| July 25, 1868
|-
| {{ushr|New York|21|New York 21st}}
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Roscoe Conkling (R)
| Resigned March 4, 1867, after being elected to the US Senate
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Alexander H. Bailey (R)
| November 30, 1867
|-
| {{ushr|Kentucky|3|Kentucky 3rd}}
| nowrap {{party shading/Democratic}} | Elijah Hise (D)
| Died May 8, 1867
| nowrap {{party shading/Democratic}} | Jacob Golladay (D)
| December 5, 1867
|-
| {{ushr|Pennsylvania|12|Pennsylvania 12th}}
| nowrap {{party shading/Democratic}} | Charles Denison (D)
| Died June 27, 1867
| nowrap {{party shading/Democratic}} | George W. Woodward (D)
| November 21, 1867
|-
| {{ushr|Ohio|2|Ohio 2nd}}
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Rutherford B. Hayes (R)
| Resigned July 20, 1867, after being nominated Governor of Ohio
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Samuel F. Cary (IR)
| November 21, 1867
|-
| {{ushr|Missouri|3|Missouri 3rd}}
| nowrap {{party shading/Democratic}} | Thomas E. Noell (D)
| Died October 3, 1867
| nowrap {{party shading/Democratic}} | James R. McCormick (D)
| December 17, 1867
|-
| {{ushr|Ohio|8|Ohio 8th}}
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Cornelius S. Hamilton (R)
| Killed by insane son December 22, 1867
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | John Beatty (R)
| February 5, 1868
|-
| {{ushr|Ohio|13|Pennsylvania 13th}}
| nowrap {{party shading/Democratic}} | George W. Morgan (D)
| Lost contested election June 3, 1868
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Columbus Delano (R)
| June 3, 1868
|-
| {{ushr|Missouri|5|Missouri 5th}}
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Joseph W. McClurg (R)
| Resigned in July 1868
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | John H. Stover (R)
| December 7, 1868
|-
| {{ushr|Pennsylvania|9|Pennsylvania 9th}}
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Thaddeus Stevens (R)
| Died August 11, 1868
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Oliver J. Dickey (R)
| December 7, 1868
|-
| {{ushr|Pennsylvania|20|Pennsylvania 20th}}
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | Darwin A. Finney (R)
| Died August 25, 1868
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | S. Newton Pettis (R)
| December 7, 1868
|-
| {{ushr|Louisiana|2|Louisiana 2nd}}
| nowrap {{party shading/Democratic}} | James Mann (D)
| Died August 26, 1868
| Vacant
| Not filled this term
|-
| {{ushr|Arkansas|2|Arkansas 2nd}}
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | James M. Hinds (R)
| Assassinated October 22, 1868
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | James T. Elliott (R)
| January 13, 1869
|-
| {{ushr|New Mexico Territory|AL|New Mexico Territory At-large}}
| nowwap {{party shading/Democratic}} | Charles P. Clever (D)
| Lost contested election February 20, 1869
| nowrap {{party shading/Republican}} | J. Francisco Chaves (R)
| February 20, 1869
|}

Committees

Lists of committees and their party leaders, for members (House and Senate) of the committees and their assignments, go into the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of the article and click on the link (1 link), in the directory after the pages of terms of service, you will see the committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and after the committee pages, you will see the House/Senate committee assignments in the directory, on the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.

Senate

• Agriculture
• Appropriations
• Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate
• Claims
• Commerce
• Distributing Public Revenue Among the States (Select)
• District of Columbia
• Education
• Finance
• Foreign Relations
• Impeachment of President Andrew Johnson (Select)
• Impeachment Trial Investigation (Select)
• Indian Affairs
• Judiciary
• Manufactures
• Military Affairs
• Mines and Mining
• Naval Affairs
• Ninth Census (Select)
• Ordnance and War Ships (Select)
• Pacific Railroad
• Patents and the Patent Office
• Pensions
• Post Office and Post Roads
• Private Land Claims
• Public Lands
• Representative Reform (Select)
• Retrenchment
• Revolutionary Claims
• Rules
• Tariff Regulation (Select)
• Territories
• Treasury Printing Bureau (Select)
• Whole

House of Representatives

• Accounts
• Agriculture
• Appropriations
• Banking and Currency
• Claims
• Coinage, Weights and Measures
• Commerce
• District of Columbia
• Education and Labor
• Elections
• Expenditures in the Interior Department
• Expenditures in the Navy Department
• Expenditures in the Post Office Department
• Expenditures in the State Department
• Expenditures in the Treasury Department
• Expenditures in the War Department
• Expenditures on Public Buildings
• Freedmen's Affairs
• Foreign Affairs
• Indian Affairs
• Invalid Pensions
• Manufactures
• Mileage
• Military Affairs
• Militia
• Mines and Mining
• Naval Affairs
• Pacific Railroads
• Patents
• Post Office and Post Roads
• Public Buildings and Grounds
• Public Expenditures
• Public Lands
• Revisal and Unfinished Business
• Revolutionary Claims
• Roads and Canals
• Rules (Select)
• Standards of Official Conduct
• Territories
• Ways and Means
• Whole

Joint committees

• Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)
• Enrolled Bills
• Ordnance (Select)
• Reorganize the Civil Service in the Departments
• Retrenchment
• Revise and Equalize the Pay of the Employees of Each House
• To Examine the Accounts for Repairs and Furnishing of the Executive Mansion

Caucuses

• Democratic (House)
• Democratic (Senate)

Employees

• Architect of the Capitol: Edward Clark, appointed August 30, 1865
• Librarian of Congress: Ainsworth Rand Spofford

Senate

• Chaplain of the Senate: Edgar H. Gray (Baptist)
• Secretary of the Senate: John W. Forney
  • George C. Gorham, elected June 4, 1868
• Sergeant at Arms of the Senate: George T. Brown

House of Representatives

• Chaplain of the House: Charles B. Boynton (Congregationalist)
• Clerk of the House: Edward McPherson
• Doorkeeper of the House: Charles E. Lippincott
• Messenger to the Speaker: William D. Todd
• Postmaster of the House: William S. King
• Reading Clerks: {{dm}}
• Sergeant at Arms of the House: Nehemiah G. Ordway

See also

• United States elections, 1866 (elections leading to this Congress)
  • United States Senate elections, 1866 and 1867
  • United States House of Representatives elections, 1866
• United States elections, 1868 (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
  • United States presidential election, 1868
  • United States Senate elections, 1868 and 1869
  • United States House of Representatives elections, 1868

References

• {{cite book|title = The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress|last = Martis|first = Kenneth C.|authorlink =|coauthors =|year = 1989|publisher = Macmillan Publishing Company|location = New York|id =}}
• {{cite book|title = The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts|last = Martis|first = Kenneth C.|authorlink =|coauthors =|year = 1982|publisher = Macmillan Publishing Company|location = New York|id =}}
• {{cite web | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PeHByMYxVm8C | title= The Senate, 1789-1989: Historical Statistics, 1789-1992 | edition=volume 4 Bicentennial | first1= Robert C. | last1= Byrd | author-link1=Robert Byrd | first2= Wendy | last2=Wolff | publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office | date=October 1, 1993 }}

External links

• Statutes at Large, 1789-1875
• Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
• House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20060601025644/http://www.gpoaccess.gov/serialset/cdocuments/hd108-222/index.html Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress]
• U.S. House of Representatives: House History
• [https://www.senate.gov/pagelayout/reference/two_column_table/stats_and_lists.htm U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists]
• {{cite book |title=Congressional Directory for the 40th Congress, 2nd Session |url= https://archive.org/stream/officialcongres06pringoog#page/n10/mode/1up }}
• {{cite book |title=Congressional Directory for the 40th Congress, 3rd Session |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=pMpFAQAAMAAJ }}

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