| 词条 | Eriogonum fasciculatum |
| 释义 |
|image = Eriogonum fasciculatum 5.jpg |genus = Eriogonum |species = fasciculatum |authority = Benth. }} Eriogonum fasciculatum is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common names California buckwheat and eastern Mojave buckwheat. DistributionThis common shrub is native to the Southwestern United States, California, and northwestern Mexico. It is found from the coasts of California and Baja California; eastwards through the Southern California Coast Ranges, Transverse Ranges, and Peninsular Ranges; and further east into the Mojave Desert and Great Basin. It grows on slopes and dry washes in diverse habitats, including chaparral, coastal sage scrub, grasslands, sagebrush scrub, pinyon-juniper woodland, and creosote bush scrub. DescriptionEriogonum fasciculatum is variable in appearance, forming a patchy, compact bramble or a spreading bush approaching {{convert|2|m|ft}} in height and {{convert|3|m|ft}} across. The leaves grow in clusters at nodes along the branches and are leathery, woolly on the undersides, and rolled under along the edges. Flowers appear in dense, frilly clusters which may be anywhere from a few millimeters to 15 centimeters wide. Each individual flower is pink and white and only a few millimeters across.[1] VarietiesThere are a number of distinct varieties, they include:
UsesHumansCalifornia buckwheat has been used as a food crop and medicinal plant by various Native American tribes.[7] Some tribes would make tea from the leaves, stems, and roots; whilst other tribes used the seeds to be consumed raw or used in porridges and baked items.[8] This widespread species was used extensively as a traditional medicinal plant by Native Americans for a variety of ailments, including the treatment of headache, diarrhea, and wounds.[9] The Zuni people use a poultice of powdered root and apply it to cuts and arrow or bullet wounds. A decoction of the root is taken after parturition to heal lacerations. This same decoction is also taken for hoarseness and colds involving the throat.[10] WildlifeThis species is the most important native source of honey in California, particularly attractive to numerous species of native bees and other pollinators, and is a good source of nectar over many months in dryer areas.[11] It also attracts introduced honey bees (Apis mellifera). California buckwheats are food plants for several butterflies, notably the Bernardino dotted-blue (Euphilotes bernardino), lupine blue (Plebejus lupini), Mormon metalmark (Apodemia mormo), and Behr's metalmark (Apodemia virgulti).[11] Probably the butterfly most commonly seen with the species is the nut-brown hairstreak (Satyrium saepium), which frequents plants in full flower.[11] CultivationEriogonum fasciculatum is cultivated as an ornamental plant, for planting in native plant, drought tolerant, and wildlife gardens, and for larger designed natural landscaping and habitat restoration projects. References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?5936,5994,6045|title=E. fasciculatum (Benth.) Torr. & A. Gray|date=1993|work=Jepson Manual|publisher=University of California|accessdate=2009-04-12}} 2. ^Tropicos.org: Eriogonum fasciculatum var. emphereium 3. ^Calflora: Eriogonum fasciculatum var. fasciculatum 4. ^Calflora: Eriogonum fasciculatum var. flavoviride 5. ^Calflora: Eriogonum fasciculatum var. foliolosum 6. ^Calflora: Eriogonum fasciculatum var. polifolium 7. ^https://www.cabrillo.edu/~crsmith/OhloneMed.html 8. ^https://arboretum.ucsc.edu/pdfs/ethnobotany-webversion.pdf 9. ^University of Michigan at Dearborn: Native American Ethnobotany of Eriogonum fasciculatum 10. ^Stevenson, Matilda Coxe 1915 Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians. SI-BAE Annual Report #30 (p. 49) 11. ^1 2 Flora of North America: Eriogonum fasciculatum External links
11 : Eriogonum|Flora of California|Flora of Baja California|Flora of the Southwestern United States|Natural history of the California chaparral and woodlands|Natural history of the California Coast Ranges|Natural history of the Mojave Desert|Natural history of the Peninsular Ranges|Natural history of the Santa Monica Mountains|Natural history of the Transverse Ranges|Plants used in traditional Native American medicine |
| 随便看 |
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。