| 词条 | Ernest A. Finney Jr. |
| 释义 |
| name = Ernest A. Finney Jr. | image = | imagesize = | caption = | office = Chief Justice of South Carolina | termstart = December 1994 | termend = March 23, 2000 | predecessor = A. Lee Chandler | successor = Jean H. Toal | office2 = Associate Justice of South Carolina | termstart2 = 1985 | termend2 = December 1994 | predecessor2 = Julius B. Ness | successor2 = E. C. Burnett, III | birth_name = Ernest Adolphus Finney Jr. | birth_date = {{Birth date|1931|3|23}} | birth_place = Smithfield, Virginia, U.S. | death_date = {{death date and age|2017|12|3|1931|3|23}} | death_place = Columbia, South Carolina, U.S. | spouse = Frances Davenport Finney | alma_mater = Claflin College (B.A. 1952) South Carolina State University (J.D. 1954) }}Ernest Adolphus Finney Jr. (March 23, 1931 – December 3, 2017) was the first African-American Supreme Court Justice appointed to the South Carolina Supreme Court since the Reconstruction Era.[1] He spent the last years of his life in Sumter, South Carolina. He was a member of Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity.[2] Early life, educationFinney was born in Smithfield, Virginia. His mother died when he was ten days old, so he was raised by his father, Dr. Ernest A. Finney Sr. Finney earned a Bachelor of Arts degree from Claflin College in 1952. He then enrolled in South Carolina State College's School of Law, from which he graduated in 1954. In the beginning, he was unable to find work as a lawyer, so he followed in his father's footsteps and worked as a teacher. In 1960, he moved to Sumter and began a full-time law practice.[3] Legal career{{one source|section|date=December 2017}}In 1961, Finney represented the Friendship 9, a group of black junior college students arrested and charged when trying to desegregate McCrory’s lunch counter in Rock Hill, South Carolina.[4] In 1963, he served as chairman of the South Carolina Commission on Civil Rights. Finney was elected to the South Carolina House of Representatives in 1972. He was subsequently appointed a member of the House Judiciary Committee, making him the first African-American to serve on that key committee in modern times. Finney was one of the founders of the Legislative Black Caucus and served as charter Chairperson from 1973-75.[3] In May 1994, the state's general assembly elected Ernest Finney to the position of Chief Justice of the State Supreme Court, effective December 1994, making him the first African-American Chief Justice of South Carolina since Reconstruction. In 1976, he won an election to become South Carolina's first black circuit judge. He has been on the state Supreme Court since 1985. Finney retired from the state Supreme Court in 2000 and was named interim president of South Carolina State University in 2002.[3] In 2015, Finney represented the surviving eight members of the Friendship Nine at the court hearing where their convictions were overturned.[5] AwardsAmong Finney's other accomplishments are also a position on the National College of State Trial Judges, 1977; Honorary Doctor of Laws Degree, The Citadel & Johnson C. Smith University, 1995; Doctor of Humane Letters, SC State University, 1996; Doctor of Laws, Morris College, 1996; Doctorate, Claflin University; Honoree, S.C. Trial Lawyers Association, 1993; elected and qualified Judge of the Third Judicial Circuit, 1976; and elected and qualified Associate Justice, 1985.[3] DeathFinney died on December 3, 2017 at the age of 86 in Columbia, South Carolina from complications of Alzheimer's disease.[6][7] FamilyFinney's daughter, Nikky Finney, is an award-winning poet and professor at the University of South Carolina. Finney's son Ernest A. Finney III was the solicitor for the state of South Carolina who argued for the state against exoneration of George Stinney Jr. Finney's son Jerry Finney,Sr. owns and operates the Finney Law Firm, Inc. in Columbia, SC. He provides a range of services in a variety of practice areas, including civil litigation, workers' compensation, and probate. References1. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/07/obituaries/ernest-finney-jr-rights-lawyer-in-jail-not-bail-case-dies-at-86.html|title=Ernest Finney Jr., Rights Lawyer in ‘Jail, Not Bail’ Case, Dies at 86|first=Sam|last=Roberts|date=7 December 2017|publisher=|via=NYTimes.com}} 2. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.theofficialschalloffame.com/directlink.html?id=24 |title=Ernest A. Finney Jr.|website=South Carolina Hall of Fame|access-date=2017-12-04}} 3. ^1 2 3 Profile, scafricanamericanhistory.com; accessed December 11, 2017. 4. ^Michael Scoggins and David Rawlinson, "Rock Hill, Jail no Bail & the Friendship Nine", Friendship College; retrieved January 19, 2012. 5. ^{{cite news|author=Amber Payne|title='Friendship Nine': Convictions Overturned For Famed Civil Rights Protesters|url=http://www.nbcnews.com/news/nbcblk/friendship-nine-convictions-overturned-famed-civil-rights-protesters-n295291|work=NBC News|agency=Associated Press|date=January 28, 2015|accessdate=2015-01-28 }} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.wltx.com/news/local/former-supreme-court-justice-ernest-finney-jr-dead-at-86/496655083|title=Former SC Supreme Court Justice Ernest Finney Jr. Dead at 86|first=|last=TEGNA|publisher=}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.postandcourier.com/news/former-s-c-supreme-court-chief-justice-ernest-finney-jr/article_9337d1cc-d8fc-11e7-9f78-273b2be25d28.html|title=Former S.C. Supreme Court Chief Justice Ernest Finney Jr. passes away|first=Andy|last=Shain|publisher=}} External links
8 : 1931 births|2017 deaths|South Carolina State University alumni|Chief Justices of the South Carolina Supreme Court|People from Smithfield, Virginia|Claflin University alumni|South Carolina Supreme Court justices|People from Sumter, South Carolina |
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