“Eta Draconis”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The two components are designated Eta Draconis A (also named Athebyne^[1]) and B.

Nomenclature

Eta Draconis, together with Zeta Draconis, bore the traditional name Al Dhīʼbain, the Duo Lupi in Arabic, the Two Hyaenas or Wolves, lying in wait for the Camel's Foal, the little star Al Rubaʽ, protected by the Mother Camels.^[3] In 2016, the IAU organized a Working Group on Star Names (WGSN)^[4] to catalog and standardize proper names for stars. The WGSN decided to attribute proper names to individual stars rather than entire multiple systems.^[5] It approved the name Athebyne for the component Eta Draconis A on 5 September 2017. It also approved the name Aldhibah for Zeta Draconis A on the same date. Both are now so included in the List of IAU-approved Star Names.^[1]

In Chinese, {{lang|zh|紫微左垣}} ({{lang|zh-Latn|Zǐ Wēi Zuǒ Yuán}}), meaning Left Wall of Purple Forbidden Enclosure, refers to an asterism consisting of Eta Draconis, Iota Draconis, Theta Draconis, Zeta Draconis, Upsilon Draconis, 73 Draconis, Gamma Cephei and 23 Cassiopeiae.^[6] Consequently, Eta Draconis itself is known as {{lang|zh|紫微左垣三}} ({{lang|zh-Latn|Zǐ Wēi Zuǒ Yuán sān}}, {{lang-en|the Third Star of Left Wall of Purple Forbidden Enclosure}}),^[7] representing {{lang|zh|少宰}} ({{lang|zh-Latn|Shàozǎi}}), meaning The Second Premier.^[8] Possibly, 少宰 (Shàozǎi) is westernized into Hea Tsae by R.H. Allen with meaning "the Lowest Steward" but it was for Theta Draconis.^[9]

Properties

Eta Draconis A is a star with 2.55^[3] times the mass of the Sun. The spectrum matches a stellar classification of G8 III,^[3] with the luminosity class III indicating this is an evolved giant star that has exhausted the supply of hydrogen at its core. It reached this stage in only 550^[3] million years because higher mass stars such as this consume the supply of hydrogen more rapidly than the Sun. The measured angular diameter of this star, after correction for limb darkening, is {{nowrap|3.72 ± 0.07 mas}}.^[36] At the estimated distance of Eta Draconis, this yields a physical size of about 11 times the radius of the Sun.^[13] From its extended envelope, it is radiating around 60 times the luminosity of the Sun at an effective temperature of 5,055 K,^[3] giving it the yellow glow of a G-type star.^[40]

Eta Draconis B is located at an angular separation of 5.1 arcseconds from the primary. This is an 8.8 magnitude K-type main sequence star with a stellar classification of K2 V.^[41] At the estimated distance of this star system, the two stars are separated by a physical distance of at least 140 AU and require at least a millennium to complete an orbit.^[42]

References

1. ^¹{{cite web | url=https://www.iau.org/public/themes/naming_stars/ | title=Naming Stars |publisher=IAU.org |accessdate=16 December 2017}}
2. ^{{cite arXiv |title=On the naming convention used for multiple star systems and extrasolar planets |date=2010 |eprint=1012.0707 |class=astro-ph.SR |last1= Hessman |first1=F. V. |last2= Dhillon |first2=V. S. |last3= Winget |first3=D. E. |last4= Schreiber |first4=M. R. |last5= Horne |first5=K. |last6= Marsh |first6=T. R. |last7= Guenther |first7=E. |last8= Schwope |first8=A. |last9= Heber |first9=U. }}
3. ^Star Name - R.H Allen p. 202
4. ^{{cite web | url=https://www.iau.org/science/scientific_bodies/working_groups/280/ | title=IAU Working Group on Star Names (WGSN)|accessdate=22 May 2016}}
5. ^{{cite web | url=https://www.iau.org/static/science/scientific_bodies/working_groups/280/wg-starnames-triennial-report-2015-2018.pdf | page=5 | title=WG Triennial Report (2015-2018) - Star Names |accessdate=2018-07-14}}
6. ^{{zh icon}} 中國星座神話, written by 陳久金. Published by 台灣書房出版有限公司, 2005, {{ISBN|978-986-7332-25-7}}.
7. ^{{zh icon}} AEEA (Activities of Exhibition and Education in Astronomy) 天文教育資訊網 2006 年 6 月 10 日
8. ^{{zh icon}} English-Chinese Glossary of Chinese Star Regions, Asterisms and Star Name {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100810114313/http://www.lcsd.gov.hk/CE/Museum/Space/Research/StarName/e_research_chinengstarzone_b.htm#PrupleForbiddenEnclosure |date=August 10, 2010 }}, Hong Kong Space Museum. Accessed on line November 23, 2010.
9. ^Star Name - R.H. Allen p. 210
10. ^¹{{citation | last1=Pizzolato | first1=N. | last2=Maggio | first2=A. | last3=Sciortino | first3=S. | title=Evolution of X-ray activity of 1-3 Msun late-type stars in early post-main-sequence phases | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=361 | pages=614–628 |date=September 2000 | bibcode=2000A&A...361..614P }}
11. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷⁸⁹¹⁰¹¹¹²¹³{{citation | last1=Takeda | first1=Yoichi | last2=Sato | first2=Bun'ei | last3=Murata | first3=Daisuke | title=Stellar parameters and elemental abundances of late-G giants | journal=Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan | volume=60 | issue=4 | pages=781–802 |date=August 2008 | bibcode=2008PASJ...60..781T |arxiv = 0805.2434 | doi=10.1093/pasj/60.4.781}}
12. ^¹{{cite book | last=Wilson | first=Ralph Elmer | date=1953 | title=General Catalogue of Stellar Radial Velocities | publisher=Carnegie Institution of Washington | location=Washington | bibcode=1953GCRV..C......0W }}
13. ^¹{{cite journal | author=Bernacca, P. L. | author2=Perinotto, M. | title=A catalogue of stellar rotational velocities | journal=Contributi Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova in Asiago | volume=239 | issue=1 | date=1970 | bibcode=1970CoAsi.239....1B }}
14. ^¹²{{cite journal | last1=Nicolet | first1=B. | date=1978 | title=Photoelectric photometric Catalogue of homogeneous measurements in the UBV System | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series | volume=34 | pages=1–49 | bibcode=1978A&AS...34....1N }}
15. ^¹{{cite journal | last1=Eggleton | first1=P. P. | last2=Tokovinin | first2=A. A. | title=A catalogue of multiplicity among bright stellar systems | journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society | volume=389 | issue=2 | pages=869–879 |date=September 2008 | doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13596.x | bibcode=2008MNRAS.389..869E |arxiv = 0806.2878 }}
16. ^¹{{citation | last1=Richichi | first1=A. | last2=Percheron | first2=I. | last3=Khristoforova | first3=M. | title=CHARM2: An updated Catalog of High Angular Resolution Measurements | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=431 | pages=773–777 |date=February 2005 | doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20042039 | bibcode=2005A&A...431..773R }}
17. ^¹²{{citation | first1=Kenneth R. | last1=Lang | title=Astrophysical formulae | volume=1 | series=Astronomy and astrophysics library | edition=3rd | publisher=Birkhäuser | date=2006 | isbn=3-540-29692-1 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OvTjLcQ4MCQC&pg=PA41 }}. The radius (R_*) is given by::

18. ^¹{{cite simbad | title=eta Dra | accessdate=2012-02-20 }}
19. ^¹{{citation | first1=James B. | last1=Kaler | work=Stars | title=AL DHIBAIN "PRIOR" (Eta Draconis) | publisher=University of Illinois | url=http://stars.astro.illinois.edu/sow/aldhibprior.html | accessdate=2012-02-20 }}
20. ^¹{{citation |title=The Colour of Stars |date=December 21, 2004 |work=Australia Telescope, Outreach and Education |publisher=Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation |url=http://outreach.atnf.csiro.au/education/senior/astrophysics/photometry_colour.html |accessdate=2012-01-16 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6630AbtJZ?url=http://outreach.atnf.csiro.au/education/senior/astrophysics/photometry_colour.html |archivedate=2012-03-10 |df= }}

词条	Eta Draconis
释义	Nomenclature Properties References {{Starbox begin \| name = η Draconis }}{{Starbox image \| image={{Location mark \|image=Draco constellation map.svg\|alt=\|float=center\|width=260 \|label=\|position=right \|mark=Red circle.svg\|mark_width=10\|mark_link=η Draconis \|x=514\|y=784 }} \|caption=Location of η Draconis (circled) }}{{Starbox observe \| epoch = J2000.0 \| ra = {{RA\|16\|23\|59.48594}} \| dec = {{DEC\|+61\|30\|51.1699}} \| appmag_v = +2.73^[3] \| constell = Draco }}{{Starbox character \| class = G8 III^[3] \| b-v = +0.91^[5] \| u-b = +0.70^[5] \| variable = }}{{Starbox astrometry \| radial_v = –14.3^[7] \| prop_mo_ra = –17.02 \| prop_mo_dec = +56.95 \| parallax = 35.42 \| p_error = 0.09 \| parallax_footnote = \| absmag_v = +0.58^[11] }}{{Starbox detail \| mass = 2.55^[3] \| radius = 11^[13] \| gravity = 2.82^[3] \| metal_fe = –0.04^[3] \| age_myr = 550^[3] \| luminosity = 60^[3] \| temperature = 5,055^[3] \| rotational_velocity = 8^[19] }}{{Starbox catalog \| names = Aldibain, Athebyne, 14 Draconis, BD+61 1591, FK5 822, HD 148387, HIP 80331, HR 6132, NSV 7713, SAO 17074, WDS 16240+6131.^[20] }}{{Starbox reference \|Simbad=eta+Dra }}{{Starbox end}}Eta Draconis (η Draconis, abbreviated Eta Dra, η Dra) is a binary star in the northern circumpolar constellation of Draco. Despite having an apparent visual magnitude of only +2.73,^[3] it is the second-brightest star in this generally faint constellation. Based upon parallax measurements collected during the Hipparcos mission, this star is located at a distance of about {{Convert\|92.1\|ly\|pc\|abbr=off\|lk=on}} from the Sun. The two components are designated Eta Draconis A (also named Athebyne^[1]) and B. Nomenclature η Draconis (Latinised to Eta Draconis) is the system's Bayer designation. The designations of the two components as Eta Draconis A and B derives from the convention used by the Washington Multiplicity Catalog (WMC) for multiple star systems, and adopted by the International Astronomical Union (IAU).^[2] Eta Draconis, together with Zeta Draconis, bore the traditional name Al Dhīʼbain, the Duo Lupi in Arabic, the Two Hyaenas or Wolves, lying in wait for the Camel's Foal, the little star Al Rubaʽ, protected by the Mother Camels.^[3] In 2016, the IAU organized a Working Group on Star Names (WGSN)^[4] to catalog and standardize proper names for stars. The WGSN decided to attribute proper names to individual stars rather than entire multiple systems.^[5] It approved the name Athebyne for the component Eta Draconis A on 5 September 2017. It also approved the name Aldhibah for Zeta Draconis A on the same date. Both are now so included in the List of IAU-approved Star Names.^[1] In Chinese, {{lang\|zh\|紫微左垣}} ({{lang\|zh-Latn\|Zǐ Wēi Zuǒ Yuán}}), meaning Left Wall of Purple Forbidden Enclosure, refers to an asterism consisting of Eta Draconis, Iota Draconis, Theta Draconis, Zeta Draconis, Upsilon Draconis, 73 Draconis, Gamma Cephei and 23 Cassiopeiae.^[6] Consequently, Eta Draconis itself is known as {{lang\|zh\|紫微左垣三}} ({{lang\|zh-Latn\|Zǐ Wēi Zuǒ Yuán sān}}, {{lang-en\|the Third Star of Left Wall of Purple Forbidden Enclosure}}),^[7] representing {{lang\|zh\|少宰}} ({{lang\|zh-Latn\|Shàozǎi}}), meaning The Second Premier.^[8] Possibly, 少宰 (Shàozǎi) is westernized into Hea Tsae by R.H. Allen with meaning "the Lowest Steward" but it was for Theta Draconis.^[9] Properties Eta Draconis A is a star with 2.55^[3] times the mass of the Sun. The spectrum matches a stellar classification of G8 III,^[3] with the luminosity class III indicating this is an evolved giant star that has exhausted the supply of hydrogen at its core. It reached this stage in only 550^[3] million years because higher mass stars such as this consume the supply of hydrogen more rapidly than the Sun. The measured angular diameter of this star, after correction for limb darkening, is {{nowrap\|3.72 ± 0.07 mas}}.^[36] At the estimated distance of Eta Draconis, this yields a physical size of about 11 times the radius of the Sun.^[13] From its extended envelope, it is radiating around 60 times the luminosity of the Sun at an effective temperature of 5,055 K,^[3] giving it the yellow glow of a G-type star.^[40] Eta Draconis B is located at an angular separation of 5.1 arcseconds from the primary. This is an 8.8 magnitude K-type main sequence star with a stellar classification of K2 V.^[41] At the estimated distance of this star system, the two stars are separated by a physical distance of at least 140 AU and require at least a millennium to complete an orbit.^[42] References 1. ^¹{{cite web \| url=https://www.iau.org/public/themes/naming_stars/ \| title=Naming Stars \|publisher=IAU.org \|accessdate=16 December 2017}} 2. ^{{cite arXiv \|title=On the naming convention used for multiple star systems and extrasolar planets \|date=2010 \|eprint=1012.0707 \|class=astro-ph.SR \|last1= Hessman \|first1=F. V. \|last2= Dhillon \|first2=V. S. \|last3= Winget \|first3=D. E. \|last4= Schreiber \|first4=M. R. \|last5= Horne \|first5=K. \|last6= Marsh \|first6=T. R. \|last7= Guenther \|first7=E. \|last8= Schwope \|first8=A. \|last9= Heber \|first9=U. }} 3. ^Star Name - R.H Allen p. 202 4. ^{{cite web \| url=https://www.iau.org/science/scientific_bodies/working_groups/280/ \| title=IAU Working Group on Star Names (WGSN)\|accessdate=22 May 2016}} 5. ^{{cite web \| url=https://www.iau.org/static/science/scientific_bodies/working_groups/280/wg-starnames-triennial-report-2015-2018.pdf \| page=5 \| title=WG Triennial Report (2015-2018) - Star Names \|accessdate=2018-07-14}} 6. ^{{zh icon}} 中國星座神話, written by 陳久金. Published by 台灣書房出版有限公司, 2005, {{ISBN\|978-986-7332-25-7}}. 7. ^{{zh icon}} AEEA (Activities of Exhibition and Education in Astronomy) 天文教育資訊網 2006 年 6 月 10 日 8. ^{{zh icon}} English-Chinese Glossary of Chinese Star Regions, Asterisms and Star Name {{webarchive \|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100810114313/http://www.lcsd.gov.hk/CE/Museum/Space/Research/StarName/e_research_chinengstarzone_b.htm#PrupleForbiddenEnclosure \|date=August 10, 2010 }}, Hong Kong Space Museum. Accessed on line November 23, 2010. 9. ^Star Name - R.H. Allen p. 210 10. ^¹{{citation \| last1=Pizzolato \| first1=N. \| last2=Maggio \| first2=A. \| last3=Sciortino \| first3=S. \| title=Evolution of X-ray activity of 1-3 Msun late-type stars in early post-main-sequence phases \| journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics \| volume=361 \| pages=614–628 \|date=September 2000 \| bibcode=2000A&A...361..614P }} 11. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷⁸⁹¹⁰¹¹¹²¹³{{citation \| last1=Takeda \| first1=Yoichi \| last2=Sato \| first2=Bun'ei \| last3=Murata \| first3=Daisuke \| title=Stellar parameters and elemental abundances of late-G giants \| journal=Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan \| volume=60 \| issue=4 \| pages=781–802 \|date=August 2008 \| bibcode=2008PASJ...60..781T \|arxiv = 0805.2434 \| doi=10.1093/pasj/60.4.781}} 12. ^¹{{cite book \| last=Wilson \| first=Ralph Elmer \| date=1953 \| title=General Catalogue of Stellar Radial Velocities \| publisher=Carnegie Institution of Washington \| location=Washington \| bibcode=1953GCRV..C......0W }} 13. ^¹{{cite journal \| author=Bernacca, P. L. \| author2=Perinotto, M. \| title=A catalogue of stellar rotational velocities \| journal=Contributi Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova in Asiago \| volume=239 \| issue=1 \| date=1970 \| bibcode=1970CoAsi.239....1B }} 14. ^¹²{{cite journal \| last1=Nicolet \| first1=B. \| date=1978 \| title=Photoelectric photometric Catalogue of homogeneous measurements in the UBV System \| journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series \| volume=34 \| pages=1–49 \| bibcode=1978A&AS...34....1N }} 15. ^¹{{cite journal \| last1=Eggleton \| first1=P. P. \| last2=Tokovinin \| first2=A. A. \| title=A catalogue of multiplicity among bright stellar systems \| journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society \| volume=389 \| issue=2 \| pages=869–879 \|date=September 2008 \| doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13596.x \| bibcode=2008MNRAS.389..869E \|arxiv = 0806.2878 }} 16. ^¹{{citation \| last1=Richichi \| first1=A. \| last2=Percheron \| first2=I. \| last3=Khristoforova \| first3=M. \| title=CHARM2: An updated Catalog of High Angular Resolution Measurements \| journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics \| volume=431 \| pages=773–777 \|date=February 2005 \| doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20042039 \| bibcode=2005A&A...431..773R }} 17. ^¹²{{citation \| first1=Kenneth R. \| last1=Lang \| title=Astrophysical formulae \| volume=1 \| series=Astronomy and astrophysics library \| edition=3rd \| publisher=Birkhäuser \| date=2006 \| isbn=3-540-29692-1 \| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OvTjLcQ4MCQC&pg=PA41 }}. The radius (R_*) is given by:: 18. ^¹{{cite simbad \| title=eta Dra \| accessdate=2012-02-20 }} 19. ^¹{{citation \| first1=James B. \| last1=Kaler \| work=Stars \| title=AL DHIBAIN "PRIOR" (Eta Draconis) \| publisher=University of Illinois \| url=http://stars.astro.illinois.edu/sow/aldhibprior.html \| accessdate=2012-02-20 }} 20. ^¹{{citation \|title=The Colour of Stars \|date=December 21, 2004 \|work=Australia Telescope, Outreach and Education \|publisher=Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation \|url=http://outreach.atnf.csiro.au/education/senior/astrophysics/photometry_colour.html \|accessdate=2012-01-16 \|deadurl=yes \|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6630AbtJZ?url=http://outreach.atnf.csiro.au/education/senior/astrophysics/photometry_colour.html \|archivedate=2012-03-10 \|df= }} ^[10]^[11]^[12]^[13]^[14]^[15]^[16]^[17]^[18]^[19]^[20] }}{{Stars of Draco}} 8 : Draco (constellation)\|Bayer objects\|G-type giants\|Hipparcos objects\|Flamsteed objects\|Henry Draper Catalogue objects\|HR objects\|Durchmusterung objects
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