| 词条 | Euonymus atropurpureus |
| 释义 |
|image = Euonymus atropurpureus fruit.jpg |status = G5 |status_system = TNC |status_ref = |genus = Euonymus |species = atropurpureus |authority = Jacq. |range_map = Euonymus atropurpureus range map.jpg |range_map_caption = Generalized natural range of Euonymus atropurpureus }} Euonymus atropurpureus is a species of shrub in the bittersweet family. It has the commons names American wahoo, eastern wahoo, burningbush,[1] and hearts bursting with love.[2] It is native to eastern North America. Distribution and HabitatThis species is primarily found in the Midwestern United States, but its range extends from southern Ontario south to northern Florida and Texas.[3][4][5] It grows in low meadows, open slopes, open woodland, stream banks and prairies, in moist soils, especially thickets, valleys, and forest edges.[5] DescriptionIt is a deciduous shrub growing to 8 m tall, with stems up to 10 cm diameter. The bark is gray, smooth, and lightly fissured. The twigs are dark purplish-brown, slender, sometimes four-angled or slightly winged. The leaves are opposite, elliptical, 8.5–11.3 cm long and 3.2–5.5 cm broad, abruptly long pointed at the tip, and with a finely serrated margin; they are green above, paler and often with fine hairs beneath, and turn bright red in the fall. The flowers are bisexual, 10–12 mm diameter, with four greenish sepals, four brown-purple petals and four stamens; they are produced in small axillary cymes. The fruit is a smooth reddish to pink four-lobed (sometimes one or more of the lobes abort) capsule, up to 17 mm diameter, each lobe containing a single seed, orange with a fleshy red aril. UsesThe fruit is poisonous to humans, but is eaten by several species of birds, which disperse the seeds in their droppings. It is used medicinally in both the United States and southeastern Canada. The powdered bark was used by American Indians and pioneers as a purgative.[6] References{{Commonscat}}1. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.herbarium.unc.edu/flora.htm |title= Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States |first=Alan S. |last=Weakley}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q4117752}}2. ^{{cite book |first1=Lewis S. |last1=Nelson |first2=Richard D. |last2=Shih |first3=Michael J. |last3=Balick |date=2009 |title=Handbook of poisonous and injurious plants |publisher=New York Botanical Garden |page=159}} 3. ^{{cite web |work=Digital Representations of Tree Species Range Maps from "Atlas of United States Trees" by Elbert L. Little, Jr. (and other publications) |first=Elbert L. |last=Little Jr. |date=1977 |url=http://esp.cr.usgs.gov/data/atlas/little/euonatro.pdf |title=Euonymus atropurpureus |publisher=United States Geological Service |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111018150949/http://esp.cr.usgs.gov/data/atlas/little/euonatro.pdf |archive-date=2011-10-18}} 4. ^{{GRIN | accessdate = 16 January 2018}} 5. ^1 {{cite web |publisher=United States Forest Service |url=http://www.fs.fed.us/global/iitf/pdf/shrubs/Euonymus%20atropurpureus.pdf |title=Euonymus atropurpureus |first1=Jinshuang |last1=Ma |first2=Gerry |last2=Moore |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150616071110/http://www.fs.fed.us:80/global/iitf/pdf/shrubs/Euonymus%20atropurpureus.pdf |archive-date=2015-06-16}} 6. ^{{PFAF}} 4 : Euonymus|Medicinal plants of North America|Flora of North America|Plants described in 1772 |
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