| 词条 | Eurhinosaurus |
| 释义 |
|fossil_range = Early Jurassic, {{Fossil range|183|175}} |image = Eurhinosaurus species 01.jpg |image_width=250px |image_caption=A {{convert|6.4|m|ft|abbr=off|sp=us}} Eurhinosaurus specimen |regnum = Animalia |phylum = Chordata |classis = Sauropsida |ordo = †Ichthyosauria |familia = Leptonectidae |genus = Eurhinosaurus |genus_authority = Abel, 1909 |subdivision_ranks = Species |subdivision =
}}Eurhinosaurus ('well-nosed lizard') is an extinct genus of ichthyosaur from the Early Jurassic (Toarcian) of Europe (England, Germany, Benelux, France & Switzerland).[1][2][3][4] It was a large genus, exceeding 6 m in length.[3] ClassificationThe cladogram below follows the topology from a 2015 analysis by Marek et al.[5] {{clade| style=font-size:100%;line-height:200%|label1=Parvipelvia |1={{Clade |1= Macgowania |2= Hudsonelpidia |label3= Neoichthyosauria |3={{Clade |2={{clade |1= Suevoleviathan |2= Thunnosauria }} |1={{clade |1= Temnodontosaurus |label2= Leptonectidae |2={{clade |1= Leptonectes |2={{clade |1= Excalibosaurus |2= Eurhinosaurus}} }} }} }} }} }} PalaeobiologyEurhinosaurus followed the basic ichthyosaur body plan, with a fish-like fusiform body including well developed dorsal fin, vertically oriented lunate caudal fin, paired pectoral and pelvic fins, and large eyes. One distinct feature set it apart from other ichthyosaurs; the upper jaw was twice the length of the lower jaw and covered with up- and downwards-pointing teeth,[3] unlike the living sawfish's laterally projecting teeth. The appendage might have been used to probe through vegetation, or soft sea-floor sediments for prey. The appendage may have been swung from side to side near the sea-floor like a sawfish, or to stun swimming prey in a manner similar to the rostrum of living billfish like swordfish, sailfish and marlins. A Miocene cetacean, Eurhinodelphis, also developed a similar structure. See also{{portal|Paleontology}}
References1. ^Maisch MW. 2010: Phylogeny, systematics, and origin of the Ichthyosauria – the state of the art. Palaeodiversity 3: 151-214 {{Ichthyosauria|Parvipelvia}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q1362694}}{{jurassic-reptile-stub}}{{ichthyosaur-stub}}2. ^Fischer V, Guiomar M & Godefroit P. 2011: New data on the palaeobiogeography of Early Jurassic marine reptiles: the Toarcian ichthyosaur fauna of the Vocontian Basin (SE France). Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen 261(1): 111-127 3. ^1 2 Maisch MW, Matzke AT. 2000. The Ichthyosauria. Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde Serie B (Geologie und Paläontologie) 298: 1-159 4. ^Reisdorf AG, Maisch MW & Wetzel A. 2011. First record of the leptonectid ichthyosaur Eurhinosaurus longirostris from the Early Jurassic of Switzerland and its stratigraphic framework. Swiss Journal of Geosciences 104(2): 211-224 5. ^R. D. Marek, B. C. Moon, M. Williams, M. J. Benton: The skull and endocranium of a Lower Jurassic Ichthyosaur based on digital reconstructions. In: Palaeontology 58, 2015, S. 723–742. 3 : Early Jurassic ichthyosaurs|Ichthyosaurs of Europe|Fossil taxa described in 1909 |
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