| 词条 | Evolving capacities |
| 释义 |
AboutThe concept of evolving capacities of the child first emerged in international law through the Convention on the Rights of the Child. Article Five of the Convention says that: {{cquote|States Parties shall respect the responsibilities, rights and duties of parents or, where applicable, the members of the extended family or community as provided for by local custom, legal guardians or other persons legally responsible for the child, to provide, in a manner consistent with the evolving capacities of the child, appropriate direction and guidance in the exercise by the child of the rights recognized in the present Convention.}}Article twelve also addresses evolving capacities, stating that: {{cquote|States Parties shall assure to the child who is capable of forming his or her own views the right to express those views freely in all matters affecting the child, the views of the child being given due weight in accordance with the age and maturity of the child. For this purpose, the child shall in particular be provided the opportunity to be heard in any judicial and administrative proceedings affecting the child, either directly, or through a representative or an appropriate body, in a manner consistent with the procedural rules of national law.}}Evolving capacities recognizes that as children acquire enhanced competencies there is less need for protection and a greater possibility that they can take responsibility for decisions affecting their lives. It is presupposed by the gradualist conception of children's rights, which suggests that children move progressively from a situation in which their rights primarily protect their interests to one in which their rights primarily protect their choices.[3] The Convention allows for the recognition that children in different environments and cultures, and faced with diverse life experiences, will acquire competencies at different ages. This is the reason why the Committee on the Rights of the Child has sought information on minimum legal ages for legal and medical counseling or medical treatment without parental consent, creating and joining associations, and participating in administrative and judicial proceedings when it developed the guidelines relating to Article 1 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child.[1] The Canadian International Development Agency reports that there are three primary points to consider regarding evolving capacities:
Adequate and systematic documentation is an example of initiatives that integrate the concept of evolving capacities in education. The strategy can support teacher determine how learners' capacities evolve over time and develop necessary interventions and responses to meaningfully address individual children's right to development.[5] See also{{wikisourcepar|UN Convention on the Rights of the Child}}
References1. ^1 {{Cite book|title=The Evolving Capacities of the Child|last=Lansdown|first=Gerison|publisher=UNICEF|year=2005|isbn=8889129158|location=New York|pages=6}} 2. ^Lansdown, G. (2005) Understanding the implications of human rights treaty: evolving capacities of the child. UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre. 3. ^{{Cite book|title=Encyclopedia of Educational Theory and Philosophy|last=Phillips|first=D.C.|publisher=SAGE Publications|year=2014|isbn=9781452230894|location=Los Angeles, CA|pages=126}} 4. ^(n.d.) Evolving Capacities and Participation. Canadian International Development Agency. 5. ^{{Cite book|title=Learning and Teaching in the Early Years|last=Page|first=Jane|last2=Tayler|first2=Colette|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2016|isbn=9781107697188|location=Melbourne|pages=56}} External links
6 : Philosophy of education|Youth rights|Ageism|Community building|International law|UNESCO |
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