| 词条 | Fabrication and testing of optical components |
| 释义 |
Optical fabrication and testing spans an enormous range of manufacturing procedures and optical test configurations. The manufacture of a conventional spherical lens typically begins with the generation of the optic's rough shape by grinding a glass blank.[1] This can be done, for example, with ring tools. Next, the lens surface is polished to its final form. Typically this is done by lapping—rotating and rubbing the rough lens surface against a tool with the desired surface shape, with a mixture of abrasives and fluid in between. Typically a carved pitch tool is used to polish the surface of a lens. The mixture of abrasive is called slurry and it is typically made from cerium or zirconium oxide in water with lubricants added to facilitate pitch tool movement without sticking to the lens. The particle size in the slurry is adjusted to get the desired shape and finish. During polishing, the lens may be tested to confirm that the desired shape is being produced, and to ensure that the final shape has the correct form to within the allowed precision. The deviation of an optical surface from the correct shape is typically expressed in fractions of a wavelength, for some convenient wavelength of light (perhaps the wavelength at which the lens is to be used, or a visible wavelength for which a source is available). Inexpensive lenses may have deviations of form as large as several wavelengths (λ, 2λ, etc.). More typical industrial lenses would have deviations no larger than a quarter wavelength (λ/4). Precision lenses for use in applications such as lasers, interferometers, and holography have surfaces with a tenth of a wavelength (λ/10) tolerance or better. In addition to surface profile, a lens must meet requirements for surface quality (scratches, pits, specks, etc.) and accuracy of dimensions. Overview of techniques used in optical fabricationI. Glass blank manufacturing
II. Diamond shaping techniques
III. Loose grit fabrication techniques:
IV. Single-point diamond turning processes and equipment V. Glass moulding techniques
Optical testing techniques
See also
Notes and references1. ^{{cite journal |title=Surface finishing of complex optics |first=Aric B. |last=Shorey |author2=Golini, Don |author3=Kordonski, William |journal=Optics and Photonics News |publisher=Optical Society of America |volume=18 |issue=10 |date=October 2007 |pages=14–16}} *Malacara, D., Optical Shop Testing - 2nd Edition, John Wiley and Sons, 1992, {{ISBN|0-471-52232-5}}External links
3 : Optics|Production and manufacturing by product|Glass engineering and science |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。