| 词条 | Fairey P.4/34 | |||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Fairey P.4/34 was a competitor for an order for a light bomber to serve with the Royal Air Force. Although not produced in that form, it formed the basis for the Fulmar long-range carrier-based fighter for the Fleet Air Arm. DevelopmentIn 1934 the Air Ministry issued Specification P.4/34 which called for a light bomber that could also be deployed in a close-support role. Fairey, Gloster and Hawker all supplied proposed designs; contracts were issued for the construction of examples of Hawker and Fairey's designs. The P.4/34 design was a low-wing all-metal monoplane, powered by a Rolls-Royce Merlin engine, with a crew of two accommodated in tandem under a long-glazed canopy. Its layout was similar to Fairey's earlier Battle bomber, but the P.4/34 was smaller and had a wide track, inwards-retracting undercarriage. The aircraft was stressed for dive bombing, as required by the specification, and carried its load of two 250 lb (110 kg) bombs underwing (the competing Hawker aircraft had an internal bomb bay). Two Fairey P.4/34s were ordered, with the first (serial K5099) flying on 13 January 1937.[1] The Hawker prototype followed on 10 March 1937. The Hawker was deemed superior; however, the demand for a light bomber had changed, and it would enter service as a target tug. The Royal Danish Navy purchased a licence to build the P.4/34 and a production line set up at the Danish Naval Shipyard (Orlogsværftet) in Copenhagen. However, none of the 12 aircraft ordered was completed by the time of the German Invasion of Denmark in 1940.[1] The P.4/34 would serve as the basis for a two-seat, long-range, carrier-based fighter for the Fleet Air Arm to meet the requirements of Specification O.8/38. The second prototype P.4/34 (serial K7555) was therefore modified with, among other things, a reduced-span wing and lowered tailplane as an aerodynamic prototype for the Fulmar. It was later used to test retractable Fairey-Youngman flaps to be used on the Fairey Firefly fighter.[2] In 1938 the first prototype P4 was at RAE Farborough, where it was used for testing the effects of barrage balloons – by deliberately flying into a weighted cable hung beneath (not the actual tether cable). The tests were carried out at RAF Lakenheath (Pawlett Hams from September 1939), with a Battle ‘chase plane’ from RAF Mildenhall filming the process. Later the P4 was joined by another Battle: both were reinforced to withstand the impacts, but severe damage to the airframe was usual. Most of the flights were made by Johnny Kent (the original pilot chosen, A.E. Clouston, had taken leave to pursue the London – New Zealand speed record) – who clocked up more than 300 collisions, and was awarded The Air Force Cross for his efforts. Of the P4 Kent said “a delightful aeroplane through all manoeuvres except for the spin which was really vicious...”[3][4] Specifications (P.4/34){{aircraft specifications|plane or copter?=plane |jet or prop?=prop |ref=The British Bomber since 1914[5] |crew=2 |capacity= |length main= 40 ft 0 in |length alt= 12.20 m |span main= 47 ft 4½ in |span alt= 14.44 m |height main= 14 ft 1 in |height alt= 4.29 m |area main= |area alt= |airfoil= |empty weight main= 6,405 lb |empty weight alt= 2,911 kg |loaded weight main= 8,787 lb |loaded weight alt= 3,994 kg |useful load main= |useful load alt= |max takeoff weight main= |max takeoff weight alt= |more general= |engine (prop)=Rolls-Royce Merlin I |type of prop=V-12 liquid-cooled piston engine |number of props=1 |power main= 1,030 hp |power alt= 768 kW |power original= |max speed main= 246 kn |max speed alt= 283 mph, 456 km/h |cruise speed main= |cruise speed alt= |stall speed main= 48 kn |stall speed alt= 55 mph, 86 km/h[6] |never exceed speed main= |never exceed speed alt= |range main= 800 nmi |range alt= 920 mi,1,481 km |ceiling main= 26,600 ft |ceiling alt= 8,110 m |climb rate main= |climb rate alt= |loading main= |loading alt= |thrust/weight= |power/mass main= |power/mass alt= |more performance= |guns=1 × fixed, forward-firing .303 in machine gun |bombs=2 × 250 lb (113 kg) bombs externally |avionics= }} See also{{aircontent||related=
|similar aircraft=
|lists= |see also= }} ReferencesNotes1. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.navalhistory.dk/English/NavAir/NavalAviation.htm|title= Danish Naval History, Naval Aviation|accessdate=2007-11-05 |last= Balsved |first= Johnny E.|work= }} 2. ^Taylor 1974, pp. 305–306. 3. ^Taylor 1974, p.306 4. ^ One of The Few, Johnny Kent 2008 5. ^1 Mason 1994, p. 306 6. ^Taylor 1974, p.312 Bibliography{{refbegin}}
External links{{commons category|Fairey}}
7 : British bomber aircraft 1930–1939|British experimental aircraft 1930–1939|Fairey aircraft|Low-wing aircraft|Single-engined tractor aircraft|Cancelled military aircraft projects of the United Kingdom|Aircraft first flown in 1937 |
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