词条 | Fatehgarh Sahib |
释义 |
{{Infobox settlement | name = Fatehgarh Sahib | settlement_type = town | image_skyline = A view of Fatehgarh Sahib Gurudwara, martyrdom of Fateh and Zorawar Singh, Punjab India.jpg | image_alt = Fatehgarh Sahib Gurdwara | image_caption = Fatehgarh Sahib Gurdwara, Punjab | pushpin_map = India #India Punjab | pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Punjab, India | coordinates = {{coord|30|38|50|N|76|23|35|E|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|India}} | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_type2 = District | subdivision_name1 = Punjab | subdivision_name2 = Fatehgarh Sahib | established_title = | established_date = | founder = | named_for = Fateh Singh, son of Guru Gobind Singh | unit_pref = Metric | elevation_m = 246 | population_total = 50,788 | population_as_of = | population_footnotes = | population_density_km2 = auto | demographics_type1 = Languages | demographics1_title1 = Official | timezone1 = IST | utc_offset1 = +5:30 | postal_code_type = PIN | postal_code = 140406,140407 | area_code = +91-1763 | area_code_type = Telephone code | registration_plate = PB23 | website = {{URL|http://www.fatehgarhsahib.nic.in}} | footnotes = | demographics1_info1 = Punjabi }} Fatehgarh Sahib is a town and a sacred pilgrimage site of Sikhism in the north west Indian state of Punjab.[1][2] It is the headquarters of Fatehgarh Sahib district, located about {{convert|5|km}} north of Sirhind. Fatehgarh Sahib is named after Fateh Singh, the 7 year old son of Guru Gobind Singh who was seized and buried alive along with his 9 year old brother Zoravar Singh, by the Mughal Army under the orders of commander Wazir Khan during the ongoing Muslim-Sikh war of early 18th century.[1][2] The town experienced major historical events after the martyrdom of the sons in 1705, with repeated change of control between the Sikh and Muslim rulers.[1][3] The town features historic Gurdwaras, including the underground Bhora Sahib marking the location where the two boys refused to convert to Islam and fearlessly accepted being bricked alive.[1][4] In contemporary times, the town is the site of educational institutions such as the SGPC run Guru Granth Sahib University and Baba Banda Singh Bahadur Engineering College.[5] HistoryThe city is a historically important settlement {{convert|40|km}} north of the city of Patiala. It is a major pilgrimage center in Sikhism. The Gurdwara Fatehgarh Sahib is the major landmark in the town. It marks the location where two youngest sons of Guru Gobind Singh Ji – 7 year old Fateh Singh and 9 year old Zorawar Singh – were betrayed by their cook and servant Gangu to the Mughal army, seized, asked to convert to Islam and when they refused they were buried alive under the orders of Wazir Khan.[1][6] Their martyrdom on 9 December 1705 has been remembered by the Sikhs by naming the site as Fatehgarh after the youngest boy killed, and by building a large Gurdwara in 1843.[1] The town is also the location where the Sikhs took revenge by capturing it from Wazir Khan in 1710 and killing him.[1][3] However, the Sikh militia was defeated again few years later and the town remained in the control of Muslim rulers, including later an appointee of Ahmed Shah Durrani till 1764, when Khalsa recaptured it by defeating and killing the appointee Zain Khan.[1][3] The town is home to major Sikh Gurdwaras:
Festivals and fairsEvery year between 11th and 14th of the month of Poh (usually about 25 to 27 December), Fatehgarh Sahib is the pilgrimage site for many Sikhs who visit it to remember the martyrdom ,locallyknown as Shaheedi Jor Mela of the sons of Guru Gobind Singh.[1] Todar Mal HaveliTodar Mal, who is most remembered for defying the Mughals by arranging for the cremation of young martyred sons of Guru Gobind Singh and his mother, had a haveli that still exists, Todar Mal Haveli. See also
References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Gurmukh Singh (2009), Fatehgarh Sahib, Encyclopedia of Sikhism, Editor in Chief: Harbans Singh, Punjab University 2. ^1 {{cite book|author=W. H. McLeod|title=The A to Z of Sikhism |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vgixwfeCyDAC |year=2009|publisher=Scarecrow|isbn=978-0-8108-6344-6|page=65}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite book|author=H. S. Singha|title=The Encyclopedia of Sikhism (over 1000 Entries) |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gqIbJz7vMn0C |year=2000|publisher=Hemkunt Press|isbn=978-81-7010-301-1|pages=186–187}} 4. ^{{cite book|author=Harish Jain|title=The Making of Punjab|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CLCBJiEHs4cC&pg=PA289|year=2003|publisher=Unistar |page=289 }} 5. ^{{cite book|author1=Pashaura Singh|author2=Louis E. Fenech|title=The Oxford Handbook of Sikh Studies |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CzYeAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT555 |year=2014|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-100412-4|page=555}} 6. ^1 {{cite book|author=Bonnie G. Smith|title=The Oxford Encyclopedia of Women in World History|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EFI7tr9XK6EC |year=2008|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-514890-9|pages=410–411}} External links
2 : Fatehgarh Sahib|Cities and towns in Fatehgarh Sahib district |
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