| 词条 | Father of All Bombs | |||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|name="The Father of All Bombs" (FOAB) | image= Abvp.svg | image_size = 300 |caption= FOAB image |origin= Russia |type= Thermobaric bomb |is_ranged= |is_bladed= |is_explosive=yes |is_artillery= |is_vehicle= |is_UK=Yes |service= |used_by= Russian Air Force |wars= |designer=Russian military |design_date= |manufacturer= |production_date=2007 |number= |variants= |filling= High explosive and fine aluminum powder and ethylene oxide mix. |weight= {{convert|7100|kg|lb|-1|abbr=on}} |length= |part_length= |width= |height= |crew= |cartridge= |caliber= |action= |rate= |velocity= |range= |max_range= |feed= |sights= |breech= |recoil= |carriage= |elevation= |traverse= |blade_type= |hilt_type= |sheath_type= |head_type= |haft_type= |diameter= |filling_weight= |detonation= |yield= 44 tons TNT / 80,000 Ibs |armour= |primary_armament= |secondary_armament= |engine= |engine_power= |pw_ratio= |suspension= |vehicle_range= |speed= }} Aviation Thermobaric Bomb of Increased Power (ATBIP) {{lang-ru|Авиационная вакуумная бомба повышенной мощности}} (АВБПМ),[1] nicknamed "Father of All Bombs" (FOAB) {{lang-ru|"Папа всех бомб"}} ("Пвб"),[2] is a Russian-designed, bomber-delivered thermobaric weapon. The bomb is reportedly similar to the US military's GBU-43/B Massive Ordnance Air Blast which is often unofficially called "Mother of All Bombs" derived from its official military acronym "MOAB". This weapon would therefore be the most powerful conventional (non-nuclear) weapon in the world.[3] However, the veracity of Russia's claims concerning the weapon's size and power have been questioned by US defense analysts.[4] "FOAB" was successfully field-tested in the late evening of September 11, 2007.[4] The new weapon is to replace several smaller types of nuclear bombs in the Russian arsenal.[6] DescriptionThe thermobaric device yields the equivalent of 44 tons of TNT using about seven tons of a new type of high explosive.[5] Because of this, the bomb's blast and pressure wave have a similar effect to a small tactical nuclear weapon.[8] The bomb works by detonating in mid-air. Most damage is inflicted by a supersonic shockwave and extremely high temperatures.[6][10] Thermobaric weapons differ from conventional explosive weapons in that they generate a longer, more sustained blast wave with greater temperatures. In doing so, they produce more damage over a larger area than a conventional weapon of similar mass.[3] ClaimsAccording to General Aleksandr Rukshin, the Russian Deputy Chief of Staff, the new bomb was smaller than the MOAB but much deadlier because the temperature at the centre of the blast is twice as high.[4][6][7] He claimed the bomb's capabilities are comparable to nuclear weapons, but unlike nuclear weaponry known for its radioactive fallout, use of the weapon does not damage or pollute the environment beyond the blast radius.[8] In comparison, the MOAB produces the equivalent of 11 tons of TNT from 8 tons of high explosive. The blast radius of the FOAB is 300 meters, almost double that of the MOAB, and the temperature produced is twice as high.[9]
Analysis and veracitySome defense analysts question both the yield of the bomb and whether it could be deployed by a Tupolev Tu-160 bomber. A report by Wired[4] says photos and the video of the event suggest that it is designed to be deployed from the rear of a slow moving cargo plane, and they note that the bomb-test video released by the Russians never shows both the bomb and the bomber in the same camera shot. There are also questions on what type of explosives it used. They quoted Tom Burky, a senior research scientist at Battelle, saying "It's not even clear what kind of weapon the Russians tested." He questions if it was what some experts call a fuel-air explosive or if it was a thermobaric weapon. "Fuel-air and thermobaric bombs differ in usefulness". Burky says that the weapon depicted in the video appears to be a fuel-air explosive, based on its shape.[4] German military analyst Sascha Lange speaking at Deutsche Welle pointed out multiple discrepancies of the released video and expressed his skepticism.[12] John Pike, an analyst at the think tank GlobalSecurity, says he believes the weapon is roughly as powerful as the Russians claim. What he does not necessarily believe is that the weapon is new. He says the Russians have possessed a range of thermobaric weapons for at least four decades.[13] Robert Hewson, an editor for Jane's Information Group, told the BBC it was likely that FOAB indeed represented the world's biggest non-nuclear bomb. "You can argue about the numbers and how you scale this but the Russians have a long and proven history of developing weapons in the thermobaric class", he says.[13][14] UPI claimed the device "would enormously boost Russia's conventional military capabilities".[13] See also
References1. ^Romanized as Aviatsonnaya vakuumaya bomba povyshennoy moshchnosti (AVBPM) or scientifically transliterated as Aviacionnaja vakuumaja povyšennoj bomba moščnosti. {{DEFAULTSORT:Father Of All Bombs}}2. ^Transliterated as Papa vsekh bomb (Pvb) 3. ^1 {{cite news| url=https://www.theguardian.com/russia/article/0,,2167175,00.html|title=Russia unveils the 'father of all bombs'|author=Luke Harding|publisher=Guardian Unlimited|date=2007-09-12|accessdate=2007-09-12|location=London}} 4. ^1 {{cite news|url=http://www.lenta.ru/articles/2007/09/12/bomb/|script-title=ru:Кузькин отец|author=Илья Kрамник|publisher=Lenta.Ru |date=2007-09-12|accessdate=2007-09-12|language=Russian}} 5. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.belairdaily.com/father-of-all-bombs/6372.html|title=Trump Dropped Mother of All Bombs. But he Wasn’t Expecting Russia to do This – Belair Daily|website=www.belairdaily.com|language=en-US|access-date=2017-04-16}} 6. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2007/09/12/wbomb112.xml|title=Russian army 'tests the father of all bombs'|author=Adrian Blomfield |date=2007-09-12|accessdate=2007-09-12|location=London|work=The Daily Telegraph}} 7. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.newsribbon.ru/news/2808.html|title=Российская вакуумная бомба сравнима по мощности с ядерным боеприпасом |publisher=NewsRibbon |date=2007-09-12 |accessdate=2007-09-12|language=Russian|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930015034/http://www.newsribbon.ru/news/2808.html|archivedate=September 30, 2007}} 8. ^1 2 [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S2FGA3Z-oYM Russia tests `world's most powerful bomb], Russia Today Retrieved on March 18, 1987 9. ^1 [https://web.archive.org/web/20091030001057/http://www.defensetech.org/archives/003720.html The "Father" of All Bombs] Retrieved on March 18, 2008 Military.com 10. ^Massive Ordnance Air Blast bomb – Aviation Thermobatic Bomb 11. ^(АTBIP) Aviation Thermobatic Bomb with Increased Power – Aviation Thermobaric Bomb 12. ^"Russian Bomb Claims Questionable, Expert Says" 13. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite news|url=https://www.wired.com/2007/10/russian-father/|title=Did Russia Stage the Father of All Bombs Hoax?|work=Wired.com |date=October 4, 2007|accessdate=2007-10-04}} 14. ^1 Russia tests giant fuel-air bomb BBC News, 12 September 2007, Retrieved on March 18, 2008 4 : Modern thermobaric weapons of Russia|Modern incendiary weapons of Russia|Aerial bombs of Russia|Russian inventions |
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