| 词条 | Charles J. Pedersen |
| 释义 |
| name = Charles John Pedersen | image = Charles J. Pedersen.jpg | birth_date = {{birth date|1904|10|3}} | birth_place = Busan, Korean Empire | death_date = {{death date and age|1989|10|26|1904|10|3}} | death_place = Salem, New Jersey, U.S. | nationality = American | residence = | field = Organic chemistry | alma_mater = University of Dayton, Massachusetts Institute of Technology | doctoral_advisor = | doctoral_students = | work_institutions = DuPont | known_for = | prizes = Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1987) | spouse = }}Charles John Pedersen (October 3, 1904 – October 26, 1989) was an American organic chemist best known for describing methods of synthesizing crown ethers. He shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1987 with Donald J. Cram and Jean-Marie Lehn. He is the only Nobel Prize laureate born in Korea other than Peace Prize laureate Kim Dae-jung.[1] BiographyPedersen was born in Busan, on the coast of south-eastern Korea, to a Norwegian father, Brede Pedersen, and a Japanese mother, Takino (nee Yasui), in 1904.[2] According to an autobiographical article featured on the official website for the Nobel Prize, Pedersen's father was marine engineer who left Norway for East Asia, ultimately finding a position with the Korea Customs Service, then administered by the British, and his mother, born in 1874 in Japan, but lived in Korea as her family were involved in soybean and silk worm trading there.[3] He had two older siblings, a sister named Astrid, and a brother, who died before he was born. As a child, he grew up speaking English, as the area of modern-day North Korea in which he lived was administered by American forces, and he continued to use English while being educated at Catholic schools in Japan, including Saint Joseph College.[4][5] In Japan, he used the Japanese given name {{nihongo|Yoshio|良男|}}, which he spelled using the kanji for "good" and "man."[6] He came to the United States in 1922 to study chemical engineering at the University of Dayton in Ohio. After receiving a bachelor's degree, he went to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology where he received a master's degree in organic chemistry. Although his professors encouraged him to pursue a Ph.D. at MIT, Pedersen decided to start his career instead, partially because he no longer wanted to be supported by his father. He is one of the few people to win a Nobel Prize in the sciences without having a Ph.D.[6] In 1927, Pedersen began working for DuPont where he would remain for the next 42 years, retiring at the age of 65. At DuPont, his work resulted in 25 papers and 65 patents. In 1967 he published two works that are now considered classics;[7] they describe the methods of synthesizing crown ethers (cyclic polyethers).[8] The donut-shaped molecules were the first in a series of extraordinary compounds that form stable structures with alkali metal ions. In 1987 he shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Donald Cram and Jean-Marie Lehn for his work in this area; Cram and Lehn expanded upon his original discoveries. Pedersen was diagnosed with myeloma in 1983, and though he was becoming increasingly frail, he traveled to Stockholm to accept the Nobel Prize in late 1987. Shortly thereafter, he was awarded a medal for excellence by the du Pont Research Fellows. He died on 26 October 1989 in Salem, New Jersey.[9] See also
References1. ^{{cite web |title=DJ와 또 한 명 … 노벨위원회엔 '한국 출생 수상자' 2명 기록 [DJ and another ... Nobel committee's record of two Korean-born winners] |date=October 12, 2014 |publisher=Joins.com |url=http://mediaspider.joins.com/?art_id=A14101104858}} 2. ^{{cite book|title=The Journal of the American Chamber of Commerce in Japan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xz4cAQAAMAAJ|year=1987|publisher=ACCJ|page=41}} 3. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1987/pedersen/biographical/|title=The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1987|website=NobelPrize.org|language=en-US|access-date=2019-01-24}} 4. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1987/pedersen/biographical/|title=The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1987|website=NobelPrize.org|language=en-US|access-date=2019-01-24}} 5. ^{{Cite news|first1= Sue-Lin|last1= Wong|first2 = Damir|last2 = Sagolj|url=https://www.reuters.com/investigates/special-report/northkorea-china-border-gold/|title=The Cold Frontier: Dreams of Gold|accessdate=April 12, 2018|publisher=Reuters|publication-date = April 12, 2018}} 6. ^1 {{cite web |title=Charles J. Pedersen - Biographical |publisher=The Nobel Foundation |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1987/pedersen-bio.html}} 7. ^{{cite journal | author = C. J. Pedersen | title = Cyclic polyethers and their complexes with metal salts | journal = Journal of the American Chemical Society | volume = 89 | issue = 26 | pages = 7017–7036 | year = 1967 | doi = 10.1021/ja01002a035}} 8. ^{{OrgSynth | author = Charles J. Pedersen | title = Macrocyclic Polyethers:Dibenzo-18-Crown-6 Polyether and Dicyclohexyl-18-Crown-6 Polyether | collvol = 6 | collvolpages = 395| year = 1988 | prep = cv6p0395}} 9. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.rgcle.com/SS/e175.htm|title=The Benner, Cleaveland and Related Families - Obituary of Charles Pedersen|work=rgcle.com|accessdate=November 7, 2010|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110208115555/http://rgcle.com/SS/e175.htm|archivedate=February 8, 2011|df=}} External links{{Wikiquote}}
17 : 1904 births|1989 deaths|Organic chemists|American Nobel laureates|American people of Norwegian descent|American people of Japanese descent|American scientists of Japanese descent|20th-century American chemists|Deaths from multiple myeloma|DuPont people|Eurasian Americans|Japanese emigrants to the United States|Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni|Nobel laureates in Chemistry|People from Busan|People from Salem, New Jersey|University of Dayton alumni |
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