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词条 Feynman Prize in Nanotechnology
释义

  1. Overview

  2. History

  3. Recipients

     Single prize  Experimental category   Theory category 

  4. See also

  5. References

  6. External links

{{Infobox award
| name = Feynman Prize in Nanotechnology
| description = Experimental and theoretical advancements in nanotechnology research
| presenter = Foresight Institute
| country = United States
| year = 1993
| website = {{URL|www.foresight.org/prize}}
}}

The Feynman Prize in Nanotechnology is an award given by the Foresight Institute for significant advances in nanotechnology. Two prizes are awarded annually, in the categories of experimental and theoretical work. There is also a separate challenge award for making a nanoscale robotic arm and 8-bit adder.

Overview

The Feynman Prize consists of annual prizes in experimental and theory categories, as well as a one-time challenge award. They are awarded by the Foresight Institute, a nanotechnology advocacy organization. The prizes are named in honor of physicist Richard Feynman, whose 1959 talk There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom is considered by nanotechnology advocates to have inspired and informed the start of the field of nanotechnology.[1]

The annual Feynman Prize in Nanotechnology is awarded for pioneering work in nanotechnology, towards the goal of constructing atomically precise products through molecular machine systems. Input on prize candidates comes from both Foresight Institute personnel, and outside academic and commercial organizations. The awardees are selected mainly by an annually changing body of former winners and other academics.[1] The prize is considered prestigious,[1][1] and authors of one study considered it to be reasonably representative of notable research in the parts of nanotechnology under its scope.[2]

The separate Feynman Grand Prize is a $250,000 challenge award to the first persons to create both a nanoscale robotic arm capable of precise positional control, and a nanoscale 8-bit adder, conforming to given specifications. It is intended to stimulate the field of molecular nanotechnology.[3][4][5]

History

The Feynman Prize was instituted in the context of Foresight Institute co-founder K. Eric Drexler's advocacy of funding for molecular manufacturing.[2] The prize was first given in 1993. Before 1997, one prize was given biennially. From 1997 on, two prizes were given each year in theory and experimental categories.[2] By awarding these prizes early in the history of the field, the prize increased awareness of nanotechnology and influenced its direction.[6]{{rp|60}}[7][8]

The Grand Prize was announced in 1995 at the Fourth Foresight Conference on Molecular Nanotechnology and was sponsored by James Von Ehr and Marc Arnold.[9][10] In 2004, X-Prize Foundation founder Peter Diamandis was selected to chair the Feynman Grand Prize committee.[3]

Recipients

Single prize

YearLaureate Institution Scope of work
1993Charles MusgraveCalifornia Institute of TechnologyMolecular modelling of atomically precise manufacturing[11][12]
1995Nadrian C. SeemanNew York UniversityDNA nanotechnology[13][8][14]

Experimental category

YearLaureate Institution Scope of work
1997James K. GimzewskiIBM Zurich Research LaboratoryScanning probe microscopy for atomically precise manufacturing[15][6]{{rp|55,182}}
Reto Schlittler
Christian JoachimCEMES/French National Centre for Scientific Research
1998M. Reza GhadiriScripps Research InstituteMolecular self-assembly[16][17]
1999Phaedon AvourisIBM Watson Research CenterMolecular scale electronics using carbon nanotubes[18][19][20]
2000R. Stanley WilliamsHP LabsSwitches for molecular scale electronics[21][20]
Philip Kuekes
James R. HeathUniversity of California, Los Angeles
2001Charles M. LieberHarvard UniversitySynthesis and characterization of carbon nanotubes[22][20]
2002Chad MirkinNorthwestern University[23][24][6]{{rp>163}}[20]
2003Carlo MontemagnoUniversity of California, Los AngelesIntegration of biological molecular motors with silicon devices[25]
2004Homme HellingaDuke UniversityAtomically precise manufacturing[26]
2005Christian SchafmeisterUniversity of PittsburghSynthesis of designed macromolecules[27][28]
2006Erik WinfreeCalifornia Institute of TechnologyDNA computing using agorithmic self-assembly[29][6]{{rp|140}}
Paul W. K. Rothemund
2007J. Fraser StoddartUniversity of California, Los AngelesSynthesis and assembly of molecular machines[30]
2008James TourRice UniversitySynthesis of nanocars and other molecular machines[31]
2009Yoshiaki SugimotoOsaka UniversityNon-contact atomic force microscopy for manipulation of single atoms[32][33]
Masayuki Abe
Oscar CustanceJapanese National Institute for Materials Science
2010Masakazu AonoMANA Center, Japanese National Institute for Materials ScienceScanning probe microscopy for manipulation of atoms[34]
2011Leonhard GrillFritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck SocietyScanning probe microscopy for characterization and manipulation of molecules[35][36]
2012Gerhard MeyerIBM Zurich Research LaboratoryImaging and manipulation of molecular orbitals using scanning probe microscopy[37][36]
Leo Gross
Jascha Repp
2013Alexander ZettlUniversity of California, BerkeleyNanoscale electromechanical systems[38]
2014Joseph W. LydingUniversity of Illinois at Urbana–ChampaignHydrogen depassivation lithography using scanning tunneling microscopes[39]
2015Michelle Y. SimmonsUniversity of New South WalesFabrication of single-atom transistors[40][41]
2016Franz J. GiessiblUniversity of RegensburgImaging and manipulation of individual atoms using scanning probe microscopy[42]
2017William ShihHarvard UniversityDNA nanotechnology[43]
2018Christopher LutzIBM Almaden Research CenterManipulating atoms and small molecules for data storage and computation[44]
Andreas J. HeinrichInstitute for Basic Science

Theory category

YearLaureate Institution Scope of work
1997Charles BauschlicherNASA Ames Research CenterComputational nanotechnology[15][45]
Stephen Barnard
Creon Levit
Glenn Deardorff
Al Globus
Jie Han
Richard Jaffe
Alessandra Ricca
Marzio Rosi
Deepak Srivastava
H. Thuemmel
1998Ralph C. MerkleZyvexMolecular tools for atomically-precise chemical reactions[16][17]
Stephen WalchELORET Corporation/NASA Ames Research Center
1999William A. Goddard IIICalifornia Institute of TechnologyModeling of molecular machines[18]
Tahir Cagin
Yue Qi
2000Uzi LandmanGeorgia Institute of TechnologyComputational materials science for nanostructures[21]
2001Mark A. RatnerNorthwestern UniversityMolecular scale electronics[22]
2002Don BrennerNorth Carolina State UniversityMolecular machines for molecular manufacturing[23][24]
2003Marvin L. CohenUniversity of California, BerkeleyModeling of new materials[25]
Steven G. Louie
2004David BakerUniversity of WashingtonDevelopment of RosettaDesign[26]
Brian KuhlmanUniversity of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
2005Christian JoachimFrench National Centre for Scientific Research[27][6]{{rp>56}}
2006Erik WinfreeCalifornia Institute of TechnologyDNA computing[29]
Paul W. K. Rothemund
2007David A. LeighUniversity of EdinburghDesign and synthesis of molecular machines[30]
2008George C. SchatzNorthwestern UniversityModeling of dip-pen nanolithography, and of plasmon effects in metallic nanoparticles[31]
2009Robert A. Freitas Jr.Institute for Molecular ManufacturingMechanosynthesis and systems design of molecular machines[32]
2010Gustavo E. ScuseriaRice UniversityTools for modeling of carbon nanostructures[34]
2011Raymond AstumianUniversity of MaineMolecular machines powered by Brownian motion[35][36]
2012David SoloveichikUniversity of California, San FranciscoDNA computing using strand displacement cascades[37]
2013David BeratanDuke UniversityFunctional supramolecular assemblies[38]
2014Amanda BarnardAustralian Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research OrganisationCarbon nanostructure structure-function relationships[46][39]
2015Markus J. BuehlerMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyMechanical simulations of materials[40]
2016Bartosz GrzybowskiUlsan National Institute of Science and TechnologyModeling of the outcomes of organic reactions[42]
2017Giovanni ZocchiUniversity of California, Los AngelesStress–strain analysis of soft nanoparticles[43]
2018O. Anatole von LilienfeldUniversity of BaselMethods for fast quantum mechanical modelling[44]

See also

  • Kavli Prize in Nanoscience
  • IEEE Pioneer Award in Nanotechnology
  • ISNSCE Nanoscience Award
  • UPenn NBIC Award for Research Excellence in Nanotechnology
{{-}}

References

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2. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{Cite journal|last=Marcovich|first=Anne|last2=Shinn|first2=Terry|date=December 1, 2010|title=Socio/intellectual patterns in nanoscale research: Feynman Nanotechnology Prize laureates, 1993–2007|journal=Social Science Information|volume=49|issue=4|pages=615–638|doi=10.1177/0539018410377581}}
3. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://electroiq.com/blog/2004/10/diamandis-to-chair-feynman-grand-prize-committee/|title=Diamandis to chair Feynman Grand Prize committee {{!}} Solid State Technology|website=electroiq.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-05-01}}
4. ^{{Cite journal|last=Nicolau|first=D.E.|last2=Phillimore|first2=J.|last3=Cross|first3=R.|last4=Nicolau|first4=D.V|date=July 2000|title=Nanotechnology at the crossroads: the hard or the soft way?|url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0026269200000367|journal=Microelectronics Journal|volume=31|issue=7|pages=611–616|doi=10.1016/s0026-2692(00)00036-7|issn=0026-2692|via=}}
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11. ^{{cite web|title=First Feynman Prize in Nanotechnology Awarded|url=http://www.foresight.org/Updates/Update17/Update17.1.html#FirstAwarded|work=Foresight Update|publisher=Foresight Nanotech Institute|accessdate=10 April 2011|date=15 December 1993}}
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13. ^{{cite web|last=Phelps|first=Lewis M.|title=1995 Feynman Prize in Nanotechnology Awarded|url=http://www.foresight.org/Updates/Update23/Update23.1.html#anchor415574|work=Foresight Update|publisher=Foresight Nanotech Institute|accessdate=10 April 2011|date=30 November 1995}}
14. ^{{cite book|last1=Pelesko|first1=John A.|title=Self Assembly: The Science of Things That Put Themselves Together|date=2007|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=9781584886884|page=201|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=bxFQ1lJgyE4C&pg=PA201|language=en}}
15. ^1 {{cite web|title=1997 Feynman Prize in Nanotechnology Awarded to Teams at IBM Zurich and at NASA Ames|url=http://www.foresight.org/about/1997Feynman.html|publisher=Foresight Nanotech Institute|accessdate=10 April 2011}}
16. ^1 {{cite web|title=1998 Feynman Prize in Nanotechnology |url=http://www.foresight.org/about/1998Feynman.html|publisher=Foresight Nanotech Institute|accessdate=10 April 2011}}
17. ^1 {{Cite journal|last=Swaine|first=Michael|date=March 1999|title=Little Engines That Could|url=http://www.drdobbs.com/little-engines-that-could/184410886|journal=Dr. Dobb's Journal|volume=|pages=|via=}}
18. ^1 {{cite web|title=1999 Feynman Prize in Nanotechnology |url=http://www.foresight.org/about/1999Feynman.html|publisher=Foresight Nanotech Institute|accessdate=10 April 2011}}
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20. ^1 2 3 {{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/2003/04/22/cx_mh_0422nanotech.html|title=Nanotechnology's Power Brokers|last=Wolfe|first=Josh|date=March 2003|work=Forbes/Wolfe Nanotech Report|access-date=2018-05-19|language=en}}
21. ^1 {{cite web|title=2000 Feynman Prize in Nanotechnology |url=http://www.foresight.org/about/2000Feynman.html|publisher=Foresight Nanotech Institute|accessdate=10 April 2011}}
22. ^1 {{cite web|title=2001 Feynman Prize in Nanotechnology|url=http://www.foresight.org/about/2001Feynman.html|publisher=Foresight Nanotech Institute|accessdate=10 April 2011}}
23. ^1 {{cite web|title=2002 Foresight Institute Feynman Prize|url=http://www.foresight.org/about/2002Feynman.html|publisher=Foresight Nanotech Institute|accessdate=10 April 2011}}
24. ^1 {{Cite news|url=https://www.upi.com/Nanoscience-community-honors-its-own/44681034539218/|title=Nanoscience community honors its own|last=Burnell|first=Scott R.|date=2002-10-13|work=UPI|access-date=2018-05-18|language=en}}
25. ^1 {{cite web|title=2003 Foresight Institute Feynman Prize|url=http://www.foresight.org/about/2003Feynman.html|publisher=Foresight Nanotech Institute|accessdate=10 April 2011}}
26. ^1 {{cite web|title=2004 Foresight Institute Feynman Prize|url=http://www.foresight.org/about/2004Feynman.html|publisher=Foresight Nanotech Institute|accessdate=10 April 2011}}
27. ^1 {{cite web|title=2005 Foresight Institute Feynman Prize|url=http://www.foresight.org/about/2005Feynman.html|publisher=Foresight Nanotech Institute|accessdate=10 April 2011}}
28. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/96606274/|title=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania on November 21, 2005 · Page 8|work=Newspapers.com|access-date=2018-05-13|language=en}}
29. ^1 {{cite web|title=2006 Foresight Institute Feynman Prize|url=http://www.foresight.org/about/2006Feynman.html|publisher=Foresight Nanotech Institute|accessdate=10 April 2011}}
30. ^1 {{cite web|title=2007 Foresight Institute Feynman Prize|url=http://www.foresight.org/about/2007Feynman.html|publisher=Foresight Nanotech Institute|accessdate=10 April 2011}}
31. ^1 {{cite web|title=2008 Foresight Institute Feynman Prize|url=http://www.foresight.org/about/2008Feynman.html|publisher=Foresight Nanotech Institute|accessdate=10 April 2011}}
32. ^1 {{cite web|title=2009 Foresight Institute Feynman Prize|url=http://www.foresight.org/about/2009Feynman.html|publisher=Foresight Nanotech Institute |date=6 October 2009 |accessdate=10 April 2011}}
33. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.azonano.com/news.aspx?newsID=14212|title=Air Force-Funded Researcher Wins Feynman Prize for Experimental Work in Nanotechnology|date=2009-10-19|website=AZoNano.com|language=en|access-date=2018-05-17}}
34. ^1 {{cite web|title=2010 Foresight Institute Feynman Prize|url=http://www.foresight.org/about/2010Feynman.html|publisher=Foresight Nanotech Institute |date=20 December 2010 |accessdate=10 April 2011}}
35. ^1 {{cite web|title=2011 Foresight Institute Feynman Prize|url=http://www.foresight.org/about/2011Feynman.html|publisher=Foresight Nanotech Institute|date=16 October 2012|accessdate=20 October 2012}}
36. ^1 2 {{Cite journal|last=Champness|first=Neil R.|date=March 2013|title=Illuminating Feynman's vision|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/nnano.2013.28|journal=Nature Nanotechnology|language=En|volume=8|issue=3|pages=163–164|doi=10.1038/nnano.2013.28|pmid=23459553|issn=1748-3387}}
37. ^1 {{cite web|title=2012 Foresight Institute Feynman Prize|url=http://www.foresight.org/about/2012Feynman.html|publisher=Foresight Nanotech Institute|accessdate=18 December 2012|date=18 December 2012}}
38. ^1 {{cite web|title=2013 Foresight Institute Feynman Prize|url=http://www.foresight.org/about/2013Feynman.html|publisher=Foresight Nanotech Institute|date=23 January 2014|accessdate=25 January 2014}}
39. ^1 {{cite web|title=2014 Foresight Institute Feynman Prize|url=http://www.foresight.org/about/2014Feynman.html|publisher=Foresight Nanotech Institute|date=23 April 2015|accessdate=5 May 2015}}
40. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://foresight.org/about/2015Feynman.html|title=2015 Foresight Institute Feynman Prize|date=2016-05-23|publisher=Foresight Institute|access-date=2016-06-02}}
41. ^{{Cite web|url=https://cosmosmagazine.com/physics/a-quantum-leap|title=Michelle Simmons: a quantum queen|last=Finkel|first=Elizabeth|date=2016-09-26|website=Cosmos Magazine|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018-05-08}}
42. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://foresight.org/about/2016Feynman.html|title=2016 Foresight Institute Feynman Prize|date=2016-10-03|publisher=Foresight Institute|access-date=2016-10-22}}
43. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://foresight.org/about/2017Feynman.html|title=2017 Foresight Institute Feynman Prize|website=foresight.org|access-date=2018-05-17}}
44. ^1 {{Cite news|url=https://www.prweb.com/releases/2018/05/prweb15506307.htm|title=Foresight Institute Awards Feynman Prizes in Nanotechnology to Lutz, Heinrich, and von Lilienfeld; awards presented by Nobelist, Sir Fraser Stoddart & Jonathan Barnes|last=|first=|date=2018-05-23|work=Foresight Institute|access-date=2018-05-30}}
45. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R1IrY1ce2FEC&pg=PA31|title=Simulation: Pragmatic Constructions of Reality| last=Lenhard|first=Johannes|last2=Küppers|first2=Günter|last3=Shinn|first3=Terry|date=2007-05-16| publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=9781402053757|language=en}}
46. ^{{Citation|title=Feynman Prize: Dr Amanda Barnard|date=2015-04-30|url=http://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/lifematters/feynman-prize3a-dr-amanda-barnard/6432694|publisher=ABC (Australia)|language=en-AU|accessdate=2018-05-12}}

External links

  • {{Official website|www.foresight.org/prize}}
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