| 词条 | Fife and Forfar Yeomanry | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|unit_name= The Fife and Forfar Yeomanry |image=FifeForfarYeo.png |caption=Cap Badge of The Fife and Forfar Yeomanry |dates= 1794–1956 |country={{flag|Kingdom of Great Britain}} (1794–1800) {{flag|United Kingdom}} (1801–Present) |allegiance= |branch={{army|United Kingdom}} |type= Yeomanry |role= Armoured |size= One Regiment |command_structure= |garrison= |garrison_label= |nickname=The Fifes Knife and Forkers[1] |patron= |motto= Pro Artis Et Focis Latin: "for Hearth and Home" |march= Quick March(band) - Wee Cooper of Fife; Slow March(band) Bonnie Dundee |mascot= |equipment= |equipment_label= |battles=Second Boer War World War I Gallipoli 1915 Egypt 1915–17 Palestine 1917–18 France and Flanders 1918World War II North-West Europe 1940 North-West Europe 1944–45 |anniversaries= |decorations= |battle_honours= |commander1= |commander1_label= |commander2= |commander2_label= |commander3= |commander3_label= |notable_commanders= |identification_symbol= |identification_symbol_label= |identification_symbol_2= |identification_symbol_2_label=Regimental Colours |identification_symbol_3= |identification_symbol_3_label= }} The Fife and Forfar Yeomanry (FFY) was an Armoured Yeomanry Regiment of the British Army formed in 1793. It saw action in the Second Boer War, the First World War and the Second World War. It amalgamated with the Scottish Horse to form the Fife and Forfar Yeomanry/Scottish Horse in 1956. The lineage is maintained by "C" Fife and Forfar Yeomanry/Scottish Horse Squadron of The Scottish and North Irish Yeomanry based in Cupar in Fife. HistoryFormation and early historyThe Kirkcaldy Troop was raised in 1797 but, after becoming the Fife Yeomanry Cavalry in 1803, it was disbanded in 1828.[2] The unit was re-raised as the Fife Yeomanry Cavalry in 1831 but was disbanded again in 1838.[2] It was raised again as the 1st Fifeshire Mounted Rifle Volunteer Corps in 1860.[2] Meanwhile the Forfar Yeomanry was raised in 1794 but it was also disbanded in 1828.[3] The unit was re-raised as the Forfarshire Yeomanry in 1856 but disbanded again in 1862.[3] It was raised again as the 1st Forfarshire Light Horse Volunteer Corps in 1876.[2] Second Boer WarOn 13 December 1899, the decision to allow volunteer forces serve in the Second Boer War was made. Due to the string of defeats during Black Week in December, 1899, the British government realised they were going to need more troops than just the regular army, thus issuing a Royal Warrant on 24 December 1899. This warrant officially created the Imperial Yeomanry. The Royal Warrant asked standing Yeomanry regiments to provide service companies of approximately 115 men each. In addition to this, many British citizens (usually mid-upper class) volunteered to join the new regiment.[4] In 1901 the 1st Fifeshire Mounted Rifle Volunteer Corps and the 1st Forfarshire Light Horse Volunteer Corps amalgamated to form the Fifeshire and Forfarshire Imperial Yeomanry.[5] The word "Imperial" was dropped from the title on the formation of the Territorial Force in 1908.[10] {{command structure|name= The Fife and Forfar Light Horse and Fife and Forfar Imperial Yeomanry |date=1895- 1915 |parent= |subordinate=“A” Sqn - Cupar “B” Sqn - Dunfermline "Forfarshire” Sqn - Dundee }} The regiment was based at Hunter Street in Kirkcaldy at this time.[6] First World War{{Highland Mounted Brigade}}In accordance with the Territorial and Reserve Forces Act 1907 (7 Edw. 7, c.9), which brought the Territorial Force into being, the TF was intended to be a home defence force for service during wartime and members could not be compelled to serve outside the country. However, on the outbreak of war on 4 August 1914, many members volunteered for Imperial Service. Therefore, TF units were split in August and September 1914 into 1st Line (liable for overseas service) and 2nd Line (home service for those unable or unwilling to serve overseas) units. Later, a 3rd Line was formed to act as a reserve, providing trained replacements for the 1st and 2nd Line regiments.[7] {{anchor|1st Line}} 1/1st Fife and Forfar YeomanryThey were dismounted and eventually became the 14th (FFY) Battalion of the Black Watch. As part of the 74th (Yeomanry) Division they served in Egypt and Palestine in 1917 and 1918 before moving to France in 1918.[8] {{anchor|2nd Line}} 2/1st Fife and Forfar YeomanryThe 2nd Line regiment was formed in September 1914 and in January 1915 was assigned to the 2/1st Highland Mounted Brigade.[9] On 31 March 1916, the remaining Mounted Brigades were ordered to be numbered in a single sequence;[10] the brigade was numbered as 1st Mounted Brigade and joined the 1st Mounted Division in Norfolk. In July 1916, the 1st Mounted Division was reorganised as the 1st Cyclist Division and the regiment was transferred as a mounted unit to the 2nd Mounted Brigade in the new 1st Mounted Division (the former 3rd Mounted Division) in the Brentwood area.[9] In November 1916, the regiment was converted to a cyclist unit in 6th Cyclist Brigade at Ashington in Northumberland. By July 1917, it was at Acklington and it remained there until early 1918 when it went to Ireland with the 6th Cyclist Brigade. It was stationed at The Curragh until the end of the war.[9] {{anchor|3rd Line}} 3/1st Fife and Forfar YeomanryThe 3rd Line regiment was formed in 1915; that summer, it was affiliated to a Reserve Cavalry Regiment at Aldershot. In June 1916, it was at Perth. The regiment was disbanded in early 1917 with personnel transferring to the 2nd Line or to the 4th (Reserve) Battalion of the Black Watch at Ripon.[9] Between the warsOn 7 February 1920, the Regiment was reconstituted in the Territorial Army with HQ still at Kirkcaldy. Following the experience of the war, it was decided that only the fourteen most senior yeomanry regiments would be retained as horsed cavalry,[11] with the rest being transferred to other roles.[12] As a result, on 6 January 1921, the Regiment was one of eight{{efn|The eight yeomanry regiments converted to Armoured Car Companies of the Royal Tank Corps (RTC) were:[13]
}} converted and reduced to 2nd (Fife and Forfar) Armoured Car Company, Tank Corps, later renumbered as 20th (Fife and Forfar) Armoured Car Company, Royal Tank Corps. On 30 April 1939, it was transferred to the Royal Armoured Corps.[14] By 1939, it had become clear that a new European war was likely to break out, and the doubling of the Territorial Army was authorised, with each unit forming a duplicate.[15] The Lothians were expanded to an armoured regiment in August 1939 as the 1st Fife and Forfar Yeomanry and formed a duplicate 2nd Fife and Forfar Yeomanry in the same month.[16] Second World War{{anchor|1st FFY}} 1st Fife and Forfar YeomanryThe 1st Fife and Forfar Yeomanry landed in France as reconnaissance regiment for the 51st (Highland) Infantry Division in the British Expeditionary Force in September 1939 and then took part in the Dunkirk evacuation in June 1940.[17] The battalion later served in the United Kingdom with the 28th Armoured Brigade in the 9th Armoured Division[18] until August 1944 when it moved to North West Europe and saw action at the crossing of the Rhine with the 31st Armoured Brigade in the 79th Armoured Division in March 1945.[19] {{anchor|2nd FFY}} 2nd Fife and Forfar YeomanryThe 2nd Fife and Forfar Yeomanry took part in the Normandy landings with the 29th Armoured Brigade in the 11th Armoured Division in June 1944.[20] It subsequently saw action in Operation Epsom in June 1944, Operation Goodwood in July 1944, Operation Bluecoat in August 1944 and the Battle of the Bulge in December 1944.[21] Post-warWhen the Territorial Army was re-formed in May 1947, the regiment resumed its pre-war role as an Armoured Car Regiment. It amalgamated with the Scottish Horse to form the Fife and Forfar Yeomanry/Scottish Horse in 1956.[14] Although The Fife and Forfar Yeomanry/Scottish Horse was disbanded in 1975, the linage is maintained by "C" Fife and Forfar Yeomanry/Scottish Horse Squadron of The Scottish and North Irish Yeomanry based in Cupar in Fife.[22] MemorialsA book of remembrance is housed at Cupar Old Parish Church[23] and there is a carved stone plaque dedicated to “To the memory of all ranks - The Fife Light Horse and The Fife and Forfar Yeomanry 1860–1918” inside the ruined church building at Tulliallan Old Churchyard (also known as Woodlea Old Cemetery) at Kincardine on Forth.[24] Battle honoursThe battle honours of the Fife and Forfar Yeomanry are displayed on the guidon which was laid up at Cupar Old Parish Church when the regiment was amalgamated. After amalgamation, the battle honours were carried on to the guidon of the Fife and Forfar Yeomanry/Scottish Horse and today are represented on the guidon of the Queen's Own Yeomanry. The Fife and Forfar Yeomanry was awarded the following battle honours (honours in bold are emblazoned on the regimental colours):[14]
GuidonsThe regiment’s guidon is laid up in Cupar Old and St Michael of Tarvit Parish Church.[25] Honorary Colonels and Commanding Officers
UniformThe cap badge of the FFY is a mounted knight (The Thane of Fife). It was also worn on the collars of the officers and men of the Squadron and on the arms above the chevrons of all Senior Non-Commissioned Officers.[28] The black beret of the Royal Tank Regiment was worn as regimental headdress.[29] The regiment wore a stable belt in the regimental colours of crimson and yellow with a dark blue stripe.[30] Regimental musicThe Quick March of the Regiment was "Wee Cooper of Fife".[31] Affiliated regiments and formationsAffiliated regiments and formations were as follows:[14]
The Fife and Forfar Yeomanry LocomotiveA British Rail Class 55 'Deltic' diesel locomotive D9006 (later 55006), built between 1961 and 1962 by English Electric, was named after the Regiment. It was designed for the high-speed express passenger services on the East Coast Main Line between London King's Cross and Edinburgh.[32] See also{{portal|British Army|World War I|World War II}}
Notes{{notelist}}References1. ^{{cite book|last=Delaforce|first=Patrick|title=Churchill's Secret Weapons: the story of Hobart's Funnies|publisher=Pen & Sword|location=Barnsley|year=2006|isbn=1-84415-464-5}} 2. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=http://www.regiments.org/regiments/uk/volmil-scotland/vcav/fife.htm|title=Fife Yeomanry Cavalry|publisher=Regiments.org|accessdate=13 November 2017|deadurl=bot: unknown|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070416023727/http://www.regiments.org/regiments/uk/volmil-scotland/vcav/fife.htm|archivedate=16 April 2007|df=dmy-all}} 3. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.regiments.org/regiments/uk/volmil-scotland/vcav/forfar.htm|title=Forfarshire Yeomanry Cavalry|publisher=Regiments.org|accessdate=13 November 2017|deadurl=bot: unknown|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070419073427/http://www.regiments.org/regiments/uk/volmil-scotland/vcav/forfar.htm|archivedate=19 April 2007|df=dmy-all}} 4. ^{{cite web | title=Boer War Notes | url=http://www.roll-of-honour.com/Regiments/BoerWarNotes.html | accessdate = 11 June 2007}} 5. ^{{London Gazette |issue=27317 |date=24 May 1901 |page=3561}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://marksrussianmilitaryhistory.info/BRIT14.html|title=The British Army 1914|publisher=Mark Conrad|accessdate=24 June 2017}} 7. ^{{harvnb|Rinaldi|2008|p=35}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.longlongtrail.co.uk/army/regiments-and-corps/the-british-yeomanry-regiments-of-1914-1918/fife-forfar-yeomanry/|title=Fife & Forfar Yeomanry|publisher=The Long, Long Trail|accessdate=13 November 2017}} 9. ^1 2 3 {{harvnb|James|1978|p=19}} 10. ^{{harvnb|James|1978|p=36}} 11. ^{{harvnb|Mileham|1994|p=48}} 12. ^{{harvnb|Mileham|1994|p=50}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.regiments.org/regiments/uk/cav/RTR.htm |title=The Royal Tank Regiment at regiments.org by T.F.Mills |accessdate=3 January 2006 |deadurl=unfit |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070503004203/http://www.regiments.org/regiments/uk/cav/RTR.htm |archivedate=3 May 2007 }} 14. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web|url=http://www.regiments.org/regiments/uk/volmil-scotland/vcav/fifefor.htm |title=The Fife and Forfar Yeomanry at regiments.org by T.F.Mills |accessdate=1 March 2007 |deadurl=unfit |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070301012514/http://www.regiments.org/regiments/uk/volmil-scotland/vcav/fifefor.htm |archivedate=1 March 2007 }} 15. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.army.mod.uk/reserve/31793.aspx | title=History of the Army Reserve | publisher=MOD | accessdate=2 April 2014}} 16. ^{{harvnb|Bellis|1994|p=18}} 17. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=V7r-F7FxtrYC&pg=PR306&lpg=PR306&dq=%22Fife+and+Forfar+Yeomanry%22+Dunkirk&source=bl&ots=_3ewmdyz-r&sig=86KyWV6cssRkj8o_yzkSfxb2C4c&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwioxYLQpbrXAhUiCsAKHXsHBDIQ6AEIXTAK#v=onepage&q=%22Fife%20and%20Forfar%20Yeomanry%22%20Dunkirk&f=false|title=Dunkirk: Fight to the Last Man|first=Hugh |last=Sebag-Montefiore|year=2015|publisher=Penguin|isbn=978-0241972267}} 18. ^Ordersofbattle.com 9th Armoured Division subordinates 19. ^{{cite web |url=http://usacac.army.mil/CAC2/CGSC/CARL/nafziger/939BXAC.pdf |title=Organization of British Tank Brigades 1939–1945 |work=Combined Arms Research Library |publisher=U.S. Army |accessdate=30 November 2016}} 20. ^{{harvnb|Joslen|1990|p=180}} 21. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.battleofthebulgememories.be/en/stories/british-army/203-the-british-in-the-battle-of-the-ardennes.html|title=The British in the Battle of the Ardennes|publisher=Battle of the Bulge Memories|accessdate=13 November 2017}} 22. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.army.mod.uk/armoured/regiments/28480.aspx | title=The Scottish and North Irish Yeomanry | publisher=MOD | accessdate=6 November 2015}} 23. ^{{cite web|url= http://www.iwm.org.uk/memorials/item/memorial/57984 |title= Fife and Forfar Yeomanry|publisher=Imperial war Museum|accessdate=13 November 2017}} 24. ^{{cite web|url= http://warmemscot.s4.bizhat.com/warmemscot-post-29013.html|title= Tulliallan Old Churchyard (also known as Woodlea Old Cemetery)|publisher= The Scottish Military Research Group - Commemorations Project|accessdate=13 November 2017}} 25. ^{{cite web|url= https://scotlandschurchestrust.org.uk/church/cupar-old-st-michael-of-tarvit-parish-church/|title= Cupar Old and St Michael of Tarvit Parish Church|publisher=Scotland’s Churches Trust|accessdate=13 November 2017}} 26. ^{{London Gazette |issue=33739 |date=28 July 1931 |page=4943}} 27. ^{{London Gazette |issue=34865|date=4 June 1940 |page=3424|supp=y }} 28. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.thaneofife.org.uk/|title=Introduction|publisher=The Thane of Life|accessdate=13 November 2017}} 29. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ww2peopleswar/stories/84/a2766684.shtml|title=The Impressive Uniform: 1st Fife and Forfar Yeomanry|publisher=BBC|accessdate=13 November 2017}} 30. ^As shown in the photograph 31. ^{{cite web|url=http://sniff.numachi.com/pages/tiCOOPFIFE;ttCOOPFIFE.html|title=The Wee Cooper of Fife|publisher=|accessdate=13 November 2017}} 32. ^{{cite web|url= http://www.scot-rail.co.uk/page/class+55|title=Class 55|publisher=Scotrail|accessdate=13 November 2017}} Sources
| ref = harv | last = Bellis | first = Malcolm A. | year = 1994 | title = Regiments of the British Army 1939–1945 (Armour & Infantry) | publisher = Military Press International | location = London | isbn = 0-85420-999-9 }}
| ref = harv | last = James | first = Brigadier E.A. | year = 1978 | title = British Regiments 1914–18 | publisher = Samson Books Limited | location = London | isbn = 0-906304-03-2 }}
| ref = harv | last = Joslen | first = Lt-Col H.F. | year = 1990 | origyear = 1st. Pub. HMSO:1960 | title = Orders of Battle, Second World War, 1939–1945 | publisher = London Stamp Exchange | location = London | isbn = 0-948130-03-2 }}
| ref = harv | last = Mileham | first = Patrick | year = 1994 | title = The Yeomanry Regiments; 200 Years of Tradition | publisher = Canongate Academic | location = Edinburgh | isbn = 1-898410-36-4 }}
| ref = harv | last = Rinaldi | first = Richard A | year = 2008 | title = Order of Battle of the British Army 1914 | publisher = Ravi Rikhye | isbn = 978-0-97760728-0 | url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=hzUZ-26KYQ4C&printsec=frontcover&dq=isbn:9780977607280&hl=en&sa=X&ei=pMfwVODfPJPlaqevgsgB&ved=0CCEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false }} Further reading
| ref = harv | last = Anstruther-Thomson | first = Colonel, FLH | year = 1892 | title = A History of the Fife Light Horse | publisher = William Blackwood | location = | isbn = }}
| ref = harv | last = Burgoyne | first = Captain Gerald | year = 1904 | title = The Fife and Forfar Imperial Yeomanry and its Predecessors | publisher = J and G Innes | location = | isbn = }}
| ref = harv | last = Dewar | first = Thomas | year = 1901 | title = With the Scottish Yeomanry | publisher = Buncle | location = | isbn = }}
| ref = harv | last = Gilmour | first = Capt John | authorlink = Sir John Gilmour, 2nd Baronet | year = 1994 | title = Clearly My Duty | publisher = Tuckwell Press | location = | isbn = 978-1898410348 }}
| ref = harv | last = Ogilvie | first = Major D.D. | year = 1921 | title = The Fife and Forfar Yeomanry 1914-1919 | publisher = John Murray | location = | isbn = | url=http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/18468 }}
| ref = harv | last = Sellar | first = R.J.B. | year = 1960 | title = Fife & Forfar Yeomanry 1919-1956 | publisher = William Blackwood & Sons | location = | isbn = }}
| ref = harv | last = Sturrock | first = Corporal JP | year = 1903 | title = The Fifes In Africa | publisher = A, Westwood | location = | isbn = }} External links{{Commonscat|Fife and Forfar Yeomanry}}
13 : Fife and Forfar Yeomanry|Yeomanry regiments of the British Army|Yeomanry regiments of the British Army in World War I|Regiments of the British Army in World War II|Scottish regiments|Highland regiments|Military units and formations in Dundee|Military units and formations in Fife|Military units and formations in Forfarshire|Fife and Forfar Yeomanry officers|Military units and formations established in 1793|1794 establishments in Scotland|Military units and formations disestablished in 1956 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。