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词条 Charleville, Queensland
释义

  1. Geography

  2. History

     Heritage listings 

  3. Population

  4. Climate

  5. Attractions

  6. Facilities

  7. Transport

  8. Notable people

  9. In popular culture

  10. References

  11. External links

{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2011}}{{Use Australian English|date=November 2011}}{{Infobox Australian place
| type = town
| name = Charleville
| state = qld
| image = Charleville RFDS DSC03284.JPG
| caption = The Royal Flying Doctor Service visitor centre at Charleville
| coordinates = {{coord|-26.4016|146.2383|type:city_region:AU-QLD|display=inline,title}}
| pop = 3335
| pop_year = {{CensusAU|2016}}
| pop_footnotes = [1]
| est = 1865
| postcode = 4470
| elevation = 293.5
| area = 687.9
| dist1 = 683
| location1 = Brisbane
| dist2 = 385
| location2 = Longreach
| dist3 = 254
| location3 = Roma
| lga = Shire of Murweh
| stategov = Warrego
| fedgov = Maranoa
| maxtemp = 28.0
| mintemp = 13.9
| rainfall = 497.4
| near-n = Gowrie Station
| near-ne = Gowrie Station
| near-e = Sommariva
| near-se = Riversleigh
| near-s = Bakers Bend
| near-sw = Bakers Bend
| near-w = Ward
| near-nw = Ward
}}Charleville {{IPAc-en|ˈ|tʃ|ɑr|l|ɛ|v|ɪ|l}} is a town and a locality in the Shire of Murweh, Queensland, Australia.[1][2] In the {{CensusAU|2016}}, Charleville had a population of 3,335 people.[3]

Geography

Located in south western Queensland, Australia, Charleville is {{convert|683|km|mi}} west of Brisbane (the Queensland capital). It is the largest town and administrative centre of the Shire of Murweh, which covers an area of 43,905 square kilometres. Charleville is situated on the banks of the Warrego River, and is the terminus for the Warrego Highway.

History

The first European exploration of the area, which was Kunja tribal land, was conducted by Edmund Kennedy in 1847. A hotel was built in 1865, and a town began to grow to service the region. It was situated near Gowrie's Crossing, a permanent waterhole, now on the outskirts of the modern town. Gowrie Station had been established around the crossing along a natural stock route, for the grazing of sheep and cattle. The town was gazetted on 11 January 1865.[4] It was planned with very wide streets to enable bullock teams of up to 14 pairs to turn with their wagons.[5] It was William Alcock Tully, who was Commissioner of Crown Lands in the Warrego District from 1863 to 1864, who laid out the town's streets. An Irishman, Tully probably named the town after the town of Charleville, County Cork, Ireland.[1][6] Members of the Roma-based Skinner family established a store in the town in 1872 that became known as the Warrego Stores.[7]

Charleville Post Office opened on 1 August 1865.[8]

In September 1875, the Queensland Government called for tenders to erect a courthouse in Charleville.[9] The foundation stone (actually a bloodwood block) was laid on 23 November 1875.[10] By January 1876, the courthouse was almost finished.[11]

In December 1884, the Queensland Government called for tenders to erect a hospital in Charleville.[12] In March 1885 the contract was awarded to Richards and King for £2,265 10s.[13] In November 1885, a hospital ball was held in the new hospital building, suggesting it was completed and opened around that time.[14]

Cobb and Co, the legendary Australian stagecoach company, established a coach building business in the town in 1886, however, the railway arrived in 1888, beginning the long demise of coach transport in the area. Charleville station was the terminus for the Western railway line for more than a decade. Facilities included a locomotive depot, cattle and sheep yards, a 50-ton weighbridge, a booking and telegraph offices, goods shed, stationmaster's house, and guards, enginemen and firemen's cottages.[17]

In 1902 Charleville was the location of an unsuccessful attempt by Clement Lindley Wragge to fire cannons into the clouds in order to break a drought. The cannons used remain on display in Charleville today.

In 1922, Qantas established an airmail service between Charleville and Cloncurry. At the same time, this was Qantas's first regularly scheduled route and the second scheduled air route in Australia.

On 9 October 1924, the Charleville War Memorial was unveiled by Sir Matthew Nathan, the Governor of Queensland.[15]

Charleville was also one of the compulsory stop over/check points during the London to Melbourne MacRobertson Air Race in 1934. The winners of the great race were Tom Campbell Black and C. W. A. Scott. Their triumph was reported in Time magazine as:

"Scott and Black, keeping up their sensational pace, flashed into Charleville, refueled, sped toward the finish where waiting thousands cheered their progress, reported over loudspeakers. With one motor dead, with only two hours sleep since leaving England, the Britons triumphantly set their scarlet torpedo down in Melbourne at 3:34 p.m. In 71 hr. 1 min. 3 sec. – Just under three days – they had flown halfway around the world."[16]

Proximity to the Warrego River has been problematic. In April 1990, major floods hit western Queensland, with Charleville being badly affected. Floodwaters peaked at 8.54 metres, over 1,000 homes were inundated, and almost 3,000 people evacuated. More recently, the district suffered flooding again in 1997, 2008 and March 2010.[17][18] Flooding also occurred in February 2012.[19]

There is a children's book called The Flood Grungies; it is written by Michelle Sheehan and illustrated by Donna Reynolds. It is about the notorious Charleville floods and features the Cosmos centre, the water tower and other famous landmarks.[20]

Heritage listings

Charleville has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:

  • 87 Alfred Street: former Queensland National Bank[21]
  • Edward Street: Charleville War Memorial[22]
  • King Street: Charleville railway station[23]
  • Mitchell Highway: Landsborough's Blazed Tree (Camp 67)[24]
  • 33 Wills Street: Hotel Corones[25]

as well as a number in nearby localities:

  • {{Convert|28|km|mi}} south-west of Charleville off the Diamantina Developmental Road in Bakers Bend: Myendetta Homestead[26]
  • {{convert|29|km|mi}} south of Charleville off the Mitchell Highway in Bakers Bend: Landsborough's Blazed Tree (Camp 69)[27]

Population

According to the 2016 census of Population, there were 3,335 people in Charleville.

  • Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people made up 15.3% of the population.
  • 83.6% of people were born in Australia. The next most common country of birth was Vietnam at 3.3%.
  • 87.6% of people spoke only English at home. Other languages spoken at home included Vietnamese at 3.5%.
  • The most common responses for religion were Catholic 34.1%, Anglican 24.1% and No Religion 17.2%,[3]

Climate

Charleville has a humid subtropical climate (Cfa) verging on semi-arid (BSk), with maximum temperatures ranging from {{convert|35|°C}} in summer to {{convert|20|°C}} in winter. Summers are hot and sultry, although they can be very dry as well depending on the wind direction. Winters are mild to cool and crisp, with rather high diurnal ranges, which provide some frost. Rainfall is mild and distributed patchily throughout the year, with a peak in summer. Severe flooding events are usually caused by monsoon troughs and the remnants of tropical cyclones dumping large amounts of rain over the area; however, rain normally falls in the form of thunderstorms and light showers after hot summer days. Extremes have ranged from {{convert|46.4|°C}} to {{convert|-5.2|°C}}. The highest rainfall total recorded for one month was {{convert|316.0|mm}} in March 2010.[28]

{{Weather box
|location = Charleville (1942–2013)
|metric first = Yes
|single line = Yes
|Jan record high C = 46.4
|Feb record high C = 43.4
|Mar record high C = 40.7
|Apr record high C = 36.9
|May record high C = 32.4
|Jun record high C = 30.7
|Jul record high C = 30.1
|Aug record high C = 35.8
|Sep record high C = 38.5
|Oct record high C = 41.8
|Nov record high C = 43.3
|Dec record high C = 44.1
|year record high C = 46.4
|Jan high C = 34.9
|Feb high C = 33.8
|Mar high C = 32.0
|Apr high C = 28.1
|May high C = 23.2
|Jun high C = 19.8
|Jul high C = 19.5
|Aug high C = 21.9
|Sep high C = 26.0
|Oct high C = 29.7
|Nov high C = 32.7
|Dec high C = 34.6
|year high C = 28.0
|Jan low C = 21.7
|Feb low C = 21.3
|Mar low C = 18.7
|Apr low C = 13.8
|May low C = 8.9
|Jun low C = 5.5
|Jul low C = 4.2
|Aug low C = 5.9
|Sep low C = 9.9
|Oct low C = 14.4
|Nov low C = 17.9
|Dec low C = 20.3
|year low C = 13.9
|Jan record low C = 11.1
|Feb record low C = 9.4
|Mar record low C = 6.2
|Apr record low C = 0.8
|May record low C = -3.6
|Jun record low C = -4.4
|Jul record low C = -5.2
|Aug record low C = -4.0
|Sep record low C = -0.4
|Oct record low C = 0.9
|Nov record low C = 6.0
|Dec record low C = 6.7
|year record low C = -5.2
|Jan rain mm = 74.4
|Feb rain mm = 69.7
|Mar rain mm = 60.0
|Apr rain mm = 30.9
|May rain mm = 31.5
|Jun rain mm = 24.6
|Jul rain mm = 25.0
|Aug rain mm = 19.5
|Sep rain mm = 23.8
|Oct rain mm = 36.7
|Nov rain mm = 45.1
|Dec rain mm = 56.2
|Jan rain days = 7.7
|Feb rain days = 6.4
|Mar rain days = 5.3
|Apr rain days = 3.7
|May rain days = 3.9
|Jun rain days = 3.9
|Jul rain days = 4.0
|Aug rain days = 3.4
|Sep rain days = 3.6
|Oct rain days = 5.6
|Nov rain days = 6.1
|Dec rain days = 7.4
|unit rain days = 0.2mm
|source 1 = Bureau of Meteorology[28]
|date=April 2013}}

Attractions

Charleville has several tourist attractions, including a museum of the Royal Flying Doctor Service of Australia, a historical museum,[29] wildlife sanctuary (including a bilby reserve), and the Cosmos Centre.[30]

Facilities

Charleville has a range of facilities for the community including a swimming pool, bowling green, speedway, racing course, and the Gowrie sporting oval.[31]

There is public library on Alfred Street run by the Murweh Shire Council.[32]

The Charleville branch of the Queensland Country Women's Association has its rooms at 73 Galatea Street.[33]

The Charleville Golf Course has eighteen sand greens and a licensed clubhouse in May Street.[34][35]

North of the town{{citation needed|date=August 2013}} is VMC, a marine weather transmitter operated by the Bureau of Meteorology.[36]

Transport

Aviation is served by the Charleville Airport. The Westlander rail passenger service links the town to Brisbane.

Charleville would have been the southern end of the Transcontinental railway proposed in the 1880s, connecting to Point Parker on the Gulf of Carpentaria.

{{s-start|noclear=yes}}{{s-rail|title=QR}}{{s-line|system=QR|line=The Westlander|previous=Morven|next=}}{{s-end}}

Notable people

  • Davida Allen (born 1951), painter, film maker and writer
  • Daryl Beattie (born 1970), former professional Grand Prix motorcycle racer and television motor sports commentator
  • Richard Bell (born 1953), artist and political activist
  • Cameron Boyce (born 1989), first-class cricketer
  • Luke Capewell (born 1989), National Rugby League footballer
  • Andrew Dutney (born 1958), President of the Assembly of the Uniting Church in Australia
  • Peter Everett, television presenter
  • Richard Graham (born 1972), Australian Rugby Union coach
  • Rhan Hooper (born 1988), former professional Australian rules footballer
  • Matthew Mott (born 1973), former first-class cricketer and coach
  • Libby Munro (born 1981), actress
  • Neil Turner (1934–2011), politician
  • Adrian Vowles (born 1971), former National Rugby League footballer
  • Billy Rogers (born 1989), National Rugby League footballer

In popular culture

  • An eponymous country music song about Charleville was written by Don Walker and recorded by Slim Dusty on his album Ringer from the Top End and later by Walker's own band Catfish on the album Ruby.
  • The asteroid 13933 Charleville is named in the town's honour {{JPL|13933|†}}.

References

1. ^1 {{cite QPN|6893|Charleville|town in Shire of Murweh|accessdate=22 October 2017}}
2. ^{{cite QPN|49244|Charleville|locality in Shire of Murweh|accessdate=22 October 2017}}
3. ^1 2 {{Census 2016 AUS|id=SSC30586 |name=Charleville (SSC)|accessdate=14 December 2017|quick=on}}
4. ^{{Gazette QLD|title=Town reserve of Charleville —2,560 acres — Warrego District|volume=6|page=27|date=11 January 1865}}
5. ^Finn, J. T., One Hundred Years 1847–1947 Charleville (Charleville, 1947), p. 32
6. ^{{cite web |url=http://queenslandplaces.com.au/node/204 |title=Charleville |publisher=Centre for the Government of Queensland |accessdate=20 June 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121019002655/http://queenslandplaces.com.au/node/204 |archive-date=19 October 2012 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }}
7. ^Wagner, Clair, Frontier Town – Charleville 1865–1901 (Bollarong Publications, Brisbane, 1991) p. 27
8. ^{{Cite web | last = Premier Postal History | title = Post Office List | publisher = Premier Postal Auctions | url = https://www.premierpostal.com/cgi-bin/wsProd.sh/Viewpocdwrapper.p?SortBy=QLD&country= | accessdate = 10 May 2014 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140515223132/http://www.premierpostal.com/cgi-bin/wsProd.sh/Viewpocdwrapper.p?SortBy=QLD&country= | archive-date = 15 May 2014 | dead-url = no | df = dmy-all }}
9. ^{{cite news|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article1381565|title=Official Notifications.|date=13 September 1875|newspaper=The Brisbane Courier|accessdate=22 October 2017|issue=2,594|location=Queensland, Australia|volume=XXX,|page=3|via=National Library of Australia}}
10. ^{{cite news|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article97420283|title=CHARLEVILLE.|date=4 December 1875|newspaper=Western Star And Roma Advertiser|accessdate=22 October 2017|issue=37|location=Queensland, Australia|volume=I,|page=3|via=National Library of Australia}}
11. ^{{cite news|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article76919098|title=CHARLEVILLE.|date=1 January 1876|newspaper=The Darling Downs Gazette And General Advertiser|accessdate=22 October 2017|issue=2347|location=Queensland, Australia|volume=XVII,|page=2 (SUPPLEMENT TO THE GAZETTE.)|via=National Library of Australia}}
12. ^{{cite news|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article23977193|title=Official Notifications.|date=27 December 1884|newspaper=The Queenslander|accessdate=22 October 2017|issue=483|location=Queensland, Australia|volume=XXVI,|page=1045|via=National Library of Australia}}
13. ^{{cite news|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article19796727|title=Official Notifications.|date=7 March 1885|newspaper=The Queenslander|accessdate=22 October 2017|issue=493|location=Queensland, Australia|volume=XXVII,|page=390|via=National Library of Australia}}
14. ^{{cite news|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article3452927|title=CHARLEVILLE.|date=20 November 1885|newspaper=The Brisbane Courier|accessdate=22 October 2017|issue=8,690|location=Queensland, Australia|volume=XL,|page=6|via=National Library of Australia}}
15. ^{{cite web|title=Charleville War Memorial|url=http://monumentaustralia.org.au/display/91054-charleville-war-memorial|publisher=Monument Australia|accessdate=6 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407125032/http://monumentaustralia.org.au/display/91054-charleville-war-memorial|archive-date=7 April 2014|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}}
16. ^Time Magazine, 29 October 1934, Vol. XXIV, No. 18
17. ^{{cite news|title=Charleville waits for floods to peak|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/charleville-waits-for-floods-to-peak-20080118-gdrxbe.html|date=17 January 2008|accessdate=20 January 2008}}
18. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2010/03/02/2834504.htm|title=Qld flood crisis far from over|work=ABC News|date=3 March 2010|accessdate=3 March 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100305042619/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2010/03/02/2834504.htm|archive-date=5 March 2010|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}}
19. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2012-02-06/levees-holds-at-charleville/3813028|title=Levee holds at Charleville|work=ABC News|date=6 February 2012|accessdate=7 February 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120207090942/http://www.abc.net.au/news/2012-02-06/levees-holds-at-charleville/3813028|archive-date=7 February 2012|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}}
20. ^{{Cite book|title=The flood grungies|last=Sheehan|first=Michelle|publisher=M. Sheehan|year=2003|isbn=064642176X|location=Charleville}}
21. ^{{cite QHR|15532|Queensland National Bank (former)|600757|accessdate=11 July 2013}}
22. ^{{cite QHR|15533|Charleville War Memorial|600758|accessdate=11 July 2013}}
23. ^1 {{cite QHR|2499|Charleville Railway Station|602368|accessdate=11 July 2013}}
24. ^{{cite QHR|30561|Landsborough's Blazed Tree, Camp 67|602716|accessdate=11 July 2013}}
25. ^{{cite QHR|16045|Hotel Corones, Charleville|601282|accessdate=11 July 2013}}
26. ^{{Cite QHR|33458|Myendetta|602822|accessdate=5 September 2016}}
27. ^{{cite QHR|30560|Landsborough's Blazed Tree, Camp 69|602715|accessdate=11 July 2013}}
28. ^1 {{BoM Aust stats|site_ref=cw_044021_All|site_name=Charleville Aero|accessdate=21 September 2013|date=19 September 2013}}
29. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.mulgatraining.com.au/historic/index.htm |title=Charleville Historical Museum |access-date=29 November 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091023143147/http://www.mulgatraining.com.au/historic/index.htm |archive-date=23 October 2009 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }}
30. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.cosmoscentre.com/ |title=Cosmos Centre |access-date=15 June 2015 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130110182348/http://www.cosmoscentre.com/ |archive-date=10 January 2013 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }}
31. ^{{cite web|url=http://queenslandplaces.com.au/charleville|title=Charleville|publisher=Centre for the Government of Queensland|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110118012350/http://queenslandplaces.com.au/charleville|archive-date=18 January 2011|dead-url=no|accessdate=18 January 2011|df=dmy-all}}
32. ^{{Cite web|url=http://plconnect.slq.qld.gov.au/networking/directory-of-public-libraries/branches/murweh/charleville_library|title=Charleville Library (Public Libraries Connect)|publisher=State Library of Queensland|access-date=13 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171213091145/http://plconnect.slq.qld.gov.au/networking/directory-of-public-libraries/branches/murweh/charleville_library|archive-date=13 December 2017|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}}
33. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.qcwa.org.au/branch-locations/|title=Branch locations|last=|first=|date=|website=Queensland Country Women's Association|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226010724/http://www.qcwa.org.au/branch-locations/|archive-date=26 December 2018|dead-url=no|access-date=26 December 2018}}
34. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.golfqueensland.org.au/clubs-1/charleville-golf-club|title=Charleville Golf Club|publisher=Golf Queensland|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141106152618/http://www.golfqueensland.org.au/clubs-1/charleville-golf-club|archive-date=6 November 2014|dead-url=no|accessdate=6 November 2014|df=dmy-all}}
35. ^{{cite web|title=Charleville Golf Club|url=http://golfer.com.au/directory/charleville-golf-club-queensland/1374|publisher=golfer.com.au|accessdate=6 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141106102208/http://golfer.com.au/directory/charleville-golf-club-queensland/1374|archive-date=6 November 2014|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}}
36. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bom.gov.au/marine/radio-sat/vmc-technical-guide.shtml|title=Charleville ( VMC) Specifications|publisher=Bureau of Meteorology|accessdate=26 August 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130622224015/http://www.bom.gov.au/marine/radio-sat/vmc-technical-guide.shtml|archive-date=22 June 2013|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}}

External links

{{Wikivoyage|Charleville}}{{Commons category-inline|Charleville, Queensland}}
  • University of Queensland: Queensland Places: Charleville
  • Murweh Shire Council – Official site
  • Weather Information
  • About Charleville
  • {{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article20911253 |title=How a city was created in the great South West. |newspaper=The Brisbane Courier |date=6 March 1925 |page=11 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}
{{Shire of Murweh}}

5 : Towns in Queensland|South West Queensland|Populated places established in 1865|1865 establishments in Australia|Shire of Murweh
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