| 词条 | Firefly squid |
| 释义 |
| name = Firefly squid | image = Watasenia scintillans.jpg | status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = [1] | genus = Watasenia | parent_authority = Ishikawa, 1914 | species = scintillans | authority = (Berry, 1911)[2] | synonyms = *Abralia (Compsoteuthis) nishikawae Pfeffer, 1912
}} The firefly squid (Watasenia scintillans), also known as the sparkling enope squid,{{cn|date=May 2018}} is a species of squid in the family Enoploteuthidae. It is the sole species in the monotypic genus Watasenia. Bioluminescence{{further information|Bioluminescence|Counter-illumination}}The firefly squid is found in the Western Pacific Ocean at depths of 183 to 366 metres (600–1200 feet) and is bioluminescent. The mantle, head, arms and tentacles are dotted with tiny, light-producing organs called photophores. When flashed, the light attracts small fish, which the squid can feed upon. This squid has three visual pigments located in different parts of the retina which likely allows color discrimination, each having distinct spectral sensitivities.[3] The firefly squid measures about {{convert|3|in|cm}} long at maturity and dies after one year of life. It has the standard eight arms and two tentacles, with one pair each having three, bright light-emitting organs at the tips. The squid spends the day at depths of several hundred metres, returning to the surface when night falls. It uses its abilities to sense and to produce light for counter-illumination camouflage: it matches the brightness and colour of its underside to the light coming from the surface, making it difficult for predators to detect it from below.[4] MatingThe firefly squid can also light up its whole body to attract a mate. Once the squid's eggs have been fertilized and laid, it dies, having reached the end of its one-year lifespan. Spawning, which involves large aggregations of the squid, takes place between February and July.[1] Commercial useThis squid is commercially fished in Japan, accounting for an annual catch of 4,804 to 6,822 tons from 1990 to 1999.[5] See also
References1. ^1 {{Cite journal | author = Barratt, I. | author2 = Allcock, L. | last-author-amp = yes | title = Watasenia scintillans | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 2014 | page = e.T163146A977074 | publisher = IUCN | date = 2014 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/163146/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T163146A977074.en | access-date = 10 January 2018}} 2. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=342419 | title = Watasenia scintillans (Berry, 1911)| accessdate = 4 March 2018 | publisher = Flanders Marine Institute | author = Julian Finn | year = 2016 | work = World Register of Marine Species}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=Map of Life - 'Colour vision' in Firefly squid|url=http://www.mapoflife.org/topics/topic_76_Colour-vision-in-Firefly-squid/|work=Convergent Evolution Online|publisher=University of Cambridge|accessdate=6 November 2012}} 4. ^{{Cite journal | doi=10.1126/science.1251214 | last1=Young | first1=R.E. | last2=Roper | first2=C.F. | year=1976 | title=Bioluminescent countershading in midwater animals: evidence from living squid | journal=Science | volume=191 | issue=4231| pages=1046–8 | pmid=1251214 |bibcode=1976Sci...191.1046Y }} 5. ^Tsuchiya, Kotaro. 2007. Watasenia Ishikawa 1914. Watasenia scintillans. Version 16 June 2007 (under construction). http://tolweb.org/Watasenia_scintillans/19645/2007.06.16 in The Tree of Life Web Project, http://tolweb.org/ External links{{Commons category|Watasenia scintillans}}
SourcesPatel, K. and D. Pee 2011. "Watasenia scintillans" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed October 9, 2016 at http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Watasenia_scintillans/{{Authority control}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q303718}} 6 : Bioluminescent molluscs|Squid|Special Natural Monuments|Molluscs described in 1911|Monotypic mollusc genera|Edible cephalopods |
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