| 词条 | First white child |
| 释义 |
The birth of the first white child is a widely used concept to mark the establishment of a European colony in the New World, especially in the historiography of the United States. In Texas, the birth of the first white child is recorded in local histories on the county level.[1] AmericasSnorri Thorfinnsson (probably born between 1005 and 1013) was the son of Thorfinnur Karlsefni and Gudrídur Þorbjarnardottir. Generally known to his contemporaries as Snorri Gudrídsson, as his mother outlived his father, was born in Vinland, making him the first European documented to be born in North America. Continental United StatesMartín de Argüelles, Jr., born in the Spanish colony of St. Augustine, Florida, was the first white child known to be born in what is now the continental United States.[2] Born in 1566, his father was a hidalgo and one of the expeditioners who went to New Spain with Captain General Pedro Menéndez de Avilés in 1565. St. Augustine, Florida, is also the oldest continuously occupied European-founded city anywhere in the United States excluding Puerto Rico.[3]British, Dutch and Swedish coloniesVirginia Dare, born in 1587 at the Roanoke Colony, was the first child born in North America to English parents, and her memory was celebrated in the British colonies. Peregrine White, born aboard the Mayflower at Provincetown Harbor in 1620, was the first Pilgrim birth.[3] Sarah Rapelje, born on June 6, 1625, was the first white child born in New Netherland in what is now New York state.[4][5] Born in 1659, Kristian Gaapstörm was the first white child born in New Sweden. CanadaHélène Desportes is often cited as the first white child born in New France, in what would later be Canada. She was born probably 1620, to Pierre Desportes and Françoise Langlois, although there is some disagreement about whether she was born in Quebec or before her family arrived on the continent in 1614. Hélène's maternal aunt was the mother of Eustache Martin, born in October 1621 in Quebec to Abraham Martin and Marguerite Langlois.[6]Jonathan Guy, the son of Newfoundland settler Nicholas Guy, was the first child born to Anglophone parents in Canada, and one of the first born in any part of North America within a permanent settlement. He was born on 27 March 1613 in Cuper's Cove, a settlement that has been continuously occupied since 1610 and where his family remained long after his birth.[7] At Port Royal, Acadia in 1636, Pierre Martin and Catherine Vigneau, who had arrived on the passenger ship Saint Jehan along with 78 other migrants, were the first European parents to have a child in Acadia. The first-born child was Mathieu Martin. In part because of this distinction, Mathieu Martin later became the Seigneur of Cobequid (1699).[8] OceaniaAustraliaSeebaer van Nieuwelant (born 27 July 1623), son of Willemtgen and Willem Janszoon, was born south of Dirk Hartog Island, in present-day Western Australia. His father, not to be confused with the earlier Dutch explorer of the same name, was a midshipman from Amsterdam. He and his wife were aboard the Leijden, commanded by Claes Hermanszoon, which was charting the coast at the time. Their son's name in Dutch meant "sea-born (or sea-birth) of new land".[9] New ZealandThe first European birth in New Zealand was Thomas Holloway King at the Rangihoua Bay settlement on February 21, 1815.[10][11] FijiNovelist Joan Lindsay states[12] that her mother-in-law, Janey Lindsay, was the first white child to be born in Fiji. She was born Jane Elizabeth Williams to the missionary Thomas Williams, and became the matriarch of an artistic family, including Daryl Lindsay (born 1889). AfricaRhodesiaNada Burnham (May 1894 – May 19, 1896), daughter of the celebrated American scout Frederick Russell Burnham, was the first white child born in Bulawayo and died of fever and starvation during the Siege of Bulawayo in the Second Matabele War.[13][14] She was buried in the Pioneer Cemetery, plot #144, in Bulawayo, Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe).[15] Nada is the Zulu word for lily and she was named after the heroine in Sir H. Rider Haggard’s Zulu tale, Nada the Lily (1892). Three of Haggard's books are posthumously dedicated to her: The Wizard (1896), Elissa: The Doom of Zimbabwe (1899), and Black Heart and White Heart: A Zulu Idyll (1900).[16][17] Haggard's dedication reads: "To the Memory of the Child: Nada Burnham, who 'bound all to her' and, while her father cut his way through the hordes of the Ingobo Regiment, perished of the hardships of war at Buluwayo on 19 May 1896, I dedicate these tales—and more particularly the last, that of a Faith which triumphed over savagery and death."[16] The first white baby born in Rhodesia was named Unwin Moffat. He was the son of the missionary John Smith Moffat & his wife Emily, nee Unwin. The child was born on the 18th of December 1858. The Moffats had eleven children between 1858 and 1871. One of their sons, Howard Unwin Moffat, became premier of S. Rhodesia in 1927. See also
References1. ^Cox, Mike. July 2003. "First Whites". Accessed August 7, 2007. 2. ^Time. "[https://web.archive.org/web/20071107035413/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,795469,00.html First Native White]". Accessed August 7, 2007. 3. ^1 Word, Ron. July 30, 2007. "[https://web.archive.org/web/20070808174537/https://news.yahoo.com/s/ap_travel/20070730/ap_tr_ge/travel_trip_st__augustine St. Augustine celebrates 442nd birthday]". Accessed August 7, 2007. 4. ^Colonial Ancestors. "This Day in Colonial Times – June". Accessed August 9, 2007. 5. ^Decoursey, William. "Bill Decoursey's notes on old Dutch families". Accessed August 9, 2007. 6. ^{{cite DCB |last=Bennett |first=Ethel M. G. |title=Desportes, Hélène (Hébert; Morin) |volume=1 |url=http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/desportes_helene_1E.html}} 7. ^{{cite DCB |last=Cell |first=Gillian T. |title=Guy, Nicholas |volume=1 |url=http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/guy_nicholas_1E.html}} 8. ^{{cite book|last=Griffiths|first=N.E.S.||authorlink=Naomi E. S. Griffiths|editor1=Phillip Buckner|editor2=John G. Reid|title=The Atlantic Region to Confederation: A History|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P2spDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA40|year=1994|publisher=University of Toronto Press|isbn=978-1-4875-1676-5|pages=40-60|chapter=1600-1650. Fish, Fur and Folk|jstor=10.3138/j.ctt15jjfrm.9}} 9. ^From the journal of the Leijden (or Leyden): "On the 27th do. WILLEMTGEN JANSZ., wedded wife Of WILLEM JANSZ. of Amsterdam, midshipman, was delivered of a son, who got the name of SEEBAER VAN NIEUWELANT." J. E. Heeres (1899). The Part Borne by the Dutch in the Discovery of Australia 1606-1765, p. 49. Accessed via Project Gutenberg, 22 February 2015. 10. ^1814 Hansen family tree Accessed November 1, 2013. 11. ^Ancestry.com record for Thomas King Accessed November 1, 2013. 12. ^{{cite book |last=Lindsay |first=Joan |authorlink=Joan Lindsay |title=Time Without Clocks |publisher=F. W. Cheshire Pty Ltd |year=1962}} p.82 13. ^{{cite book |last=West |first=James E. |authorlink=James E. West (Scouting) |author2=Peter O. Lamb |others=illustrated by Robert Baden-Powell |title=He-who-sees-in-the-dark; the boys' story of Frederick Burnham, the American scout |publisher=Brewer, Warren and Putnam |year=1932}} 14. ^{{cite book |last=Burnham |first=Frederick Russell |authorlink=Frederick Russell Burnham |title=Scouting on Two Continents |publisher=Doubleday, Page & company |year=1926 |oclc=407686}} 15. ^{{cite journal |last=Lott |first=J. "Jack" P. |date=March 1977 |title=Major F. R. Burnham, D.S.O. |journal=Rhodesiana Magazine |volume=36 |issn=0556-9605}} 16. ^1 {{cite book |last=Haggard |first=H. Rider |authorlink=H. Rider Haggard |title=The Days of My Life Volume II |url=http://gutenberg.net.au/ebooks03/0300141.txt |accessdate=2006-12-17 |year=1926}} 17. ^{{cite journal|date=November 21, 1896|title=Rider Haggard's Tribute|journal=Atlanta Constitution|issn=0093-1179}} Further reading
4 : European colonization of the Americas|History of immigration to Australia|Racism|White Americans |
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