| 词条 | Flavonoid biosynthesis |
| 释义 |
Flavonoids are synthesized by the phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway in which the amino acid phenylalanine is used to produce 4-coumaroyl-CoA.[1] This can be combined with malonyl-CoA to yield the true backbone of flavonoids, a group of compounds called chalcones, which contain two phenyl rings. Conjugate ring-closure of chalcones results in the familiar form of flavonoids, the three-ringed structure of a flavone. The metabolic pathway continues through a series of enzymatic modifications to yield flavanones → dihydroflavonols → anthocyanins. Along this pathway, many products can be formed, including the flavonols, flavan-3-ols, proanthocyanidins (tannins) and a host of other various polyphenolics. {{clear-left}}Flavanoids can possess chiral carbons. Methods of analysis should take this element into account[2] especially regarding bioactivity or enzyme stereospecificity.[3] EnzymesThe biosynthesis of flavonoids involves several enzymes.
Methylation
Glycosylation
Further acetylations
References1. ^{{cite journal | last = Ververidis Filippos |author2=Trantas Emmanouil |author3=Douglas Carl |author4=Vollmer Guenter |author5=Kretzschmar Georg |author6=Panopoulos Nickolas |date=October 2007 | title = Biotechnology of flavonoids and other phenylpropanoid-derived natural products. Part I: Chemical diversity, impacts on plant biology and human health | journal = Biotechnology Journal | volume = 2 | issue = 10 | pages = 1214–34| accessdate = | doi = 10.1002/biot.200700084 | pmid = 17935117 | first1 = F }} {{Flavonoids}}2. ^Methods of analysis and separation of chiral flavonoids. Jaime A. Yáñeza, Preston K. Andrewsb and Neal M. Journal of Chromatography B, Volume 848, Issue 2, 1 April 2007, Pages 159-181{{dead link|date=March 2019|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} 3. ^[https://archive.today/20120915044007/http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6T6R-4C47NMR-9&_user=10&_coverDate=12/31/2004&_rdoc=1&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=dcbc57e4c27eb0c8e9052a4e2e090dab A theoretical study of the conformational behavior and electronic structure of taxifolin correlated with the free radical-scavenging activity. Patrick Trouillas, Catherine Fagnère, Roberto Lazzaroni, Claude Calliste, Abdelghafour Marfak and Jean-Luc Duroux, Food Chemistry, Volume 88, Issue 4, December 2004, Pages 571-582] 2 : Flavonoids metabolism|Biosynthesis |
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