| 词条 | Fleur Cowles |
| 释义 |
Fleur Fenton Cowles (January 20, 1908 – June 5, 2009[1]) was an American writer, editor and artist[2] best known as the creative force behind the short-lived Flair magazine. Personal lifeFleur Fenton was born Florence Freidman in New York City (although she often claimed to have been born in Montclair, New Jersey).[3] Her parents were Morris Freidman, a novelty salesman, and his wife, Lena.[1] Her siblings adopted the surname Freeman later in life: Dr. Paul William Freeman, a dentist (1906–1966), and Mildred Freeman Goetze[4][5] Fleur Cowles' first husband was Bertram Klapper, a manufacturer of wood shoe heels. They later divorced.[1] Her second husband was Atherton "Pett" Pettingell Jr. (1901–1971), an advertising executive who was a grandnephew of Samuel M. Pettingell, who founded one of the first advertising agencies in America in 1850.[6] They married prior to 1937 and divorced in 1946.[7] Her third husband was Gardner Cowles, Jr. (1903–1982), an heir to the Cowles Media Company, which for a long time owned the Des Moines Register and the Minneapolis Star Tribune. Known as Mike, Cowles was the publisher of his family's Look magazine. They married in 1946 and divorced in 1955.[7][8] She kept his surname professionally. In November 1955, she married her fourth and last husband, Tom Montague Meyer (CBE), a timber executive.[7] The Meyers lived for a number of years in London and Sussex, as well as Spain. CareerIn the early and mid 1930s, she wrote a weekly column for The New York World-Telegram.[3][9] In 1937, she became co-founder and executive vice president of the advertising agency Pettingell & Fenton Inc, which later became known as Hartman & Pettingell Inc, then again as Pettingell & Fenton, and finally as Dorland International-Pettingell Fenton Inc.[10] She founded it with her second husband, Atherton Pettingell, a former executive vice president of Blacker Advertising.[10] Among its clients were A. S. Beck, the shoe concern, Helena Rubenstein, the cosmetics company, and Cohama Fabrics.[11] She resigned from the firm in 1946.[12] Describing herself as "rough, uncut, [and] vigorous" as her trademark Russian emerald ring, she told Time, "I've worked hard, and I've made a fortune, and I did it in a man's world, but always, ruthlessly, and with a kind of cruel insistence, I have tried to keep feminine".[13] In 1950, she was lampooned by the writer S. J. Perelman in The New Yorker as glamorous editor "Hyacinth Beddoes Laffoon".[14] In 1947, she became an associate editor at Look magazine, and a year later, an associate editor at Quick magazine. She resigned her position at Look in November 1955 upon her separation from Gardner Cowles and moved to Europe, where she served as the magazine's foreign editorial consultant.[15] Before founding Flair, Cowles was a special consultant to the Famine Emergency Committee in Washington, D.C. FlairCowles founded Flair magazine in 1950, and it folded a year later. The magazine, which Time described at its launch as "a fancy bouillabaisse of Vogue, Town & Country, Holiday, etc.,"[13] was celebrated not only because of its design and editorial production by European art director Federico Pallavicini (né Federico von Berzeviczy-Pallavicini)[16] but also because of its lavish production. It was the resulting cost of production that killed the magazine, since the expensive special costs (for cover cut-outs for some issues, for example) could not be supported in the long run. This magazine is now sought after by collectors and sells for significant amounts on eBay. Contributors included W. H. Auden, Simone de Beauvoir, Winston Churchill, Jean Cocteau, Salvador Dalí (The Gypsy Angels Of Spain), Lucian Freud, Clare Boothe Luce, Ogden Nash, Saul Steinberg, Rufino Tamayo, Tennessee Williams, and Angus Wilson.[17] In later decades, Cowles served on various government committees and represented Dwight D. Eisenhower at the coronation of Elizabeth II.[18] She was a member of the Founding Council of the Rothermere American Institute at Oxford University.[19] In 1996, the book The Best of Flair collected much of the material from the magazine she founded. Her paintings from the books Tiger Flower and Lion and Blue are to be made into three-dimensional computer-animated films. {{Citation needed|date=June 2009}} Fleur Cowles' painting "Desert Journey" was reproduced as the cover of the 1968 Donovan album Donovan In Concert. ArtworkAs Fleur Fenton Pettingell[20] and Fleur Cowles Meyer, she worked as a painter and illustrator. She also designed tapestries, accessories, and china for Denby Ltd.[21] DeathFleur Fenton Cowles died on June 5, 2009 at a nursing home in Sussex, England, aged 101.[1] Bibliography
References1. ^1 2 3 [https://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/08/business/media/08cowles.html "Fleur Cowles, 101, Is Dead; Friend of the Elite and the Editor of a Magazine for Them" by Enid Nemy] 2. ^Penelope Green, "Mirror, Mirror: Making Life a Bed of Roses", The New York Times, October 10, 1999 3. ^1 Fleur Cowles profile at Britannica.com 4. ^Paid obit for Dr. Paul W. Freeman, The New York Times, October 4, 1966 5. ^'"Dr. Paul W. Freeman", The New York Times, October 3, 1966 6. ^"News of the Advertising and Marketing Fields", The New York Times, March 16, 1952 7. ^1 2 "Mrs Fleur Cowles Remarried in West", The New York Times, November 23, 1955 8. ^"Gardner Cowles Jr. Is Dead at 82; Helped Build Publishing Empire", The New York Times, July 9, 1985 9. ^Fleur Fenton, "New Trend in Furniture Explained", The New York World-Telegram, December 4, 1933 10. ^1 "Advertising News and Notes", The New York Times, January 7, 1937 11. ^"Advertising News and Notes", The New York Times, November 30, 1938 12. ^"Advertising News and Notes", The New York Times, September 6, 1946 13. ^1 {{cite journal|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,888638,00.html|title=Fleur's Flair|journal=Time|date=September 12, 1949}} 14. ^S. J. Perelman, "The Hand That Cradles the Rock", The New Yorker, July 1, 1950 15. ^"Fleur Cowles to Quit", The New York Times, 19 October 1955 16. ^[https://www.nytimes.com/1989/11/14/obituaries/federico-pallavicini-80-is-dead-decorative-artist-and-set-designer.html Federico Pallavicini obituary] 17. ^{{cite web|last1=Quarles|first1=Philip|title=Fleur Cowles' Literary Takedown of Eva Perón|url=http://www.wnyc.org/story/fleur-cowles-literary-takedown-eva-peron|website=WNYC|accessdate=October 8, 2016}} Essay by Quarles and 22 minute speech by Cowles 18. ^{{cite web |title=The Coronation of Queen Elizabeth II |url=https://text-message.blogs.archives.gov/2018/05/31/the-coronation-of-queen-elizabeth-ii/#_edn3 |website=The National Archives: The text Messaeg Blog |publisher=The National Archives |accessdate=5 June 2018|date=2018-05-31 }} 19. ^{{cite web |title=Founding Council {{!}} Rothermere American Institute |url=http://www.rai.ox.ac.uk/about/history/foundingcouncil |publisher=Rothermere American Institute |accessdate=2012-11-22 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121117021312/http://www.rai.ox.ac.uk/about/history/foundingcouncil |archivedate=2012-11-17 |df= }} 20. ^"Gleams on the Horizon", The New York Times, 27 August 1939 21. ^"Fleur Cowles Today", The New York Times, by Enid Nemy, April 27, 1976 22. ^U.S. Library of Congress External links
9 : 1908 births|2009 deaths|American centenarians|Disease-related deaths in England|American expatriates in the United Kingdom|American women writers|American artists|Writers from New York City|Women centenarians |
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