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词条 Cheeseburger
释义

  1. History

  2. Ingredients

  3. Religious

  4. Gallery

  5. See also

  6. References

  7. Further reading

{{pp-vandalism|small=yes}}{{Other uses}}{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2017}}{{Infobox prepared food
|name = Cheeseburger
|image = Cheeseburger.jpg
|image_size = 300px
|country = United States
|creator =
|course = Main course
|served = Hot
|main_ingredient = Ground beef patty, cheese, bun
|calories = 600-1500
}}

A cheeseburger is a hamburger topped with cheese. Traditionally, the slice of cheese is placed on top of the meat patty, but the burger can include variations in structure, ingredients and composition. The cheese is typically added to the cooking hamburger patty shortly before serving, which allows the cheese to melt. As with other hamburgers, a cheeseburger may include toppings, such as lettuce, tomato, onion, pickles, bacon, mayonnaise, ketchup, mustard or other toppings.

In fast food restaurants, the cheese used is usually processed cheese, but any other meltable cheeses may be used. Common examples include cheddar, Swiss, mozzarella, blue Cheese, and pepper jack.

History

By the late nineteenth century, the opening of the vast grasslands of the Great Plains to cattle ranching had made it possible for many Americans to consume beef almost daily. The hamburger was, and remains, one of the cheapest sources of beef in America.[1]

Adding cheese to hamburgers became popular in the late-1920s to mid-1930s, and there are several competing claims as to who created the first cheeseburger. Lionel Sternberger is reputed to have introduced the cheeseburger in 1926 at the age of 16 when he was working as a fry cook at his father's Pasadena, California sandwich shop, "The Rite Spot", and "experimentally dropped a slab of American cheese on a sizzling hamburger."[2][3][4][5][6]

An early example of the cheeseburger appearing on a menu is a 1928 menu for the Los Angeles restaurant O'Dell's which listed a cheeseburger smothered with chili for 25 cents.[7][8][9]

Other restaurants also claim to have invented the cheeseburger. For example, Kaelin's Restaurant in Louisville, Kentucky, said it invented the cheeseburger in 1934.[10] One year later, a trademark for the name "cheeseburger" was awarded to Louis Ballast of the Humpty Dumpty Drive-In in Denver, Colorado.[11] According to Steak 'n Shake archives, the restaurant's founder, Gus Belt, applied for a trademark on the word in the 1930s.[12][13][14]

The steamed cheeseburger, a variation almost exclusively served in central Connecticut, is believed to have been invented at a restaurant called Jack’s Lunch in Middletown, Connecticut, in the 1930s.[15]

The largest cheeseburger ever made in the world weighed 2,014 pounds (914 kg), "60 pounds [27 kg] of bacon, 50 pounds [22.5 kg] of lettuce, 50 pounds [22.5 kg] of sliced onions, 40 pounds [18 kg] of pickles, and 40 pounds [18 kg] of cheese." The record was broken by Minnesota's Black Bear Casino breaking the previous Cheeseburger record 881 pounds (400 kg).[16]

In the United States, National Cheeseburger Day is celebrated annually on 18 September.[17]

Ingredients

The ingredients used to create cheeseburgers follow similar patterns found in the regional variations of hamburgers, although most start with ground beef. Common cheeses used for topping are American, swiss, and other meltable cheeses. Popular toppings include lettuce, tomato, onion, pickles, bacon, avocado or guacamole, sliced sautéed mushrooms or onions, cheese sauce and/or chili, but the variety of possible toppings is broad.

A cheeseburger may have more than one patty and/or more than one slice of cheese—it is reasonably common, but by no means automatic, for the number to increase at the same rate with cheese and meat interleaved. A stack of two or more patties follows the same basic pattern as hamburgers: with two patties will be called a double cheeseburger; a triple cheeseburger has three, and while much less common, a quadruple has four.[18][19]

Sometimes cheeseburgers are prepared with the cheese enclosed within the ground beef, rather than on top. This is sometimes known as a Jucy Lucy.[20]

Religious

Traditionally, this dish breaches the kosher laws ({{lang-he|כַּשְׁרוּת}}; kashrut) observed by Judaism as it combines ground beef and cheese. Mixtures of milk and meat ({{lang-he|בשר בחלב}}, basar bechalav, literally "meat in milk") are prohibited according to Jewish religious law ({{lang-he|הלכה}}; halakha), following a verse in the Book of Exodus in which Jews are forbidden from "boiling a (kid) goat in its mother's milk" (Exod. 34:26).[21][22] This prohibition appears again in Deuteronomy.[23] This dietary law sparked controversy in Jerusalem when McDonald's began opening franchises there that sold cheeseburgers.[24] Since that time, McDonald's has opened both kosher and non-kosher restaurants in Israel.[25]

In an attempt to provide a "kosher cheeseburger", a kosher restaurant in New York City created a controversial cheeseburger variation which replaces cheese with soy cheese.[26]

Gallery

See also

{{portal|Hamburgers|Cheese|Food}}{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
  • Cheeseburger bill
  • Cheeseburger in Paradise
  • List of sandwiches
  • List of hamburgers
  • List of hamburger restaurants
  • Patty melt
  • Slider
  • Steamed cheeseburger
{{div col end}}

References

1. ^{{Cite book|title=The Hamburger: The History|last=Ozersky|first=Josh|publisher=Yale University Press|year=2008|isbn=9780300117585|location=New Haven Conn.|pages=12, 14}}
2. ^{{cite news |url=http://articles.latimes.com/2012/jan/16/local/la-me-burger-claim-20120116 |title=Pasadena claims its slice of burger history |last=Piasecki |first=Joe |date=January 16, 2012 |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |access-date=October 15, 2017 |issn=0458-3035}}
3. ^{{cite news |first=Steve |last=Harvey |title=Only in L.A. |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |page=B2 |date=March 27, 1991 |quote=Cooking at his father's short-order joint in Pasadena in the early 1920s, [Sternberger] experimentally tossed a slice (variety unknown) on a hamburger... |url=http://articles.latimes.com/1991-03-27/local/me-812_1_southern-california}}
4. ^{{cite news |first=Charles |last=Perry |title=It's an L.A. Thing; Our burgers are the best with good reason: We made them here first |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |page=F1 |url=http://articles.latimes.com/2004/jun/09/food/fo-hamburger9/2|date=June 9, 2004}}
5. ^{{cite news |date=January 13, 2012 |title=Yes, it was invented in Pasadena! Probably. Tracing the cheeseburger from inception to Bob's Big Boy |newspaper=Pasadena Sun |url=http://articles.pasadenasun.com/2012-01-13/entertainment/30625308_1_bob-s-big-boy-pasadena-museum-menu|accessdate=May 13, 2012 |first=Joe |last=Piasecki}}
6. ^{{cite news |date=June 23, 1999 |title=The Tale of the Cheeseburger |newspaper=San Gabriel Valley Tribune |url=http://www.culturefreak.com/tale.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030412174753/http://www.culturefreak.com/tale.html |dead-url=yes |archive-date=April 12, 2003 |accessdate=May 13, 2012 |first=Evan |last=Henerson}}
7. ^{{cite news |date=January 15, 2004 |title=Old Menus Tell the History of Hamburgers in L.A. |newspaper=Metropolitan News-Enterprise |url=http://www.metnews.com/articles/2004/reminiscing011504.htm |accessdate=May 13, 2012 |first=Roger M. |last=Grace}}
8. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.kcet.org/living/food/the-nosh/were-cheeseburgers-invented-in-pasadena.html |title=Were Cheeseburgers Invented in Pasadena? |website=KCET |date=September 18, 2013 |first=Katherine |last=Spiers |accessdate=December 8, 2014}}
9. ^{{cite web |url=http://dbase1.lapl.org/dbtw-wpd/exec/dbtwpub.dll?AC=GET_RECORD&XC=http://dbase1.lapl.org/dbtw-wpd/exec/dbtwpub.dll&BU=http%3A%2F%2Fdbase1.lapl.org&GI=&TN=menus&SN=AUTO5261&SE=724&RN=0&MR=20&TR=0&TX=1000&ES=0&XP=&RF=web+tab+report+maya&EF=&DF=Pin&RL=0&EL=0&DL=0&NP=3&ID=&MF=&DT=&ST=0&IR=264&NR=0&NB=0&SV=0&SS=0&BG=&FG=&QS= |title=O'Dell's menu |date=1928 |work=Menu Collection |publisher=Los Angeles Public Library |accessdate=October 28, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171028222955/http://dbase1.lapl.org/dbtw-wpd/exec/dbtwpub.dll?AC=GET_RECORD&XC=http%3A%2F%2Fdbase1.lapl.org%2Fdbtw-wpd%2Fexec%2Fdbtwpub.dll&BU=http%3A%2F%2Fdbase1.lapl.org&GI=&TN=menus&SN=AUTO5261&SE=724&RN=0&MR=20&TR=0&TX=1000&ES=0&XP=&RF=web+tab+report+maya&EF=&DF=Pin&RL=0&EL=0&DL=0&NP=3&ID=&MF=&DT=&ST=0&IR=264&NR=0&NB=0&SV=0&SS=0&BG=&FG=&QS= |archive-date=October 28, 2017 |deadurl=no |df=mdy-all }}
10. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.louisvilleky.gov/Visitors/Louisville+Facts+and+Firsts.htm |title=Louisville Facts & Firsts - LouisvilleKy.gov|accessdate=July 29, 2006 |publisher=City of Louisville, Kentucky |author= |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006110825/http://www.louisvilleky.gov/Visitors/Louisville%2BFacts%2Band%2BFirsts.htm |archivedate=October 6, 2014 |deadurl=yes}}
11. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.cheese-burger.net/history |title=History of the Cheeseburger |accessdate=October 2, 2008 |website=Cheese-Burger.net (blog) |author=}}
12. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.pantagraph.com/blogs/flick/facts/flick-fact-monday/article_0c2bccea-58c6-11e1-abe1-001871e3ce6c.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120911232907/http://www.pantagraph.com/blogs/flick/facts/flick-fact-monday/article_0c2bccea-58c6-11e1-abe1-001871e3ce6c.html |dead-url=yes |archive-date=September 11, 2012 |title=Flick Fact 2/20/2012 Monday |accessdate=February 21, 2012 |first=Bill |last=Flick |newspaper=Bloomington Pantagraph |date=February 20, 2012}}
13. ^{{cite web |url=http://wjbc.com/our-top-5-list-of-little-known-facts-about-bloomington-normal/ |title=Our 'Top 5 List' of little-known facts about Bloomington-Normal |accessdate=February 21, 2012 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111202194437/http://wjbc.com/our-top-5-list-of-little-known-facts-about-bloomington-normal/ |archivedate=December 2, 2011 |author= |date=July 29, 2011 |work=WJBC-FM}}
14. ^{{cite web |url=https://ecf.moed.uscourts.gov/documents/opinions/STEAK_N_SHAKE_ET_AL_V_BURGER_KING_ET_AL-CDP-57.PDF |title=Steak 'n Shake vs Burger King, Memorandum and Order |accessdate=February 21, 2012 |publisher=United States District Court Eastern District Missouri Eastern Division |date=July 7, 2004 |last=Perry |first=Catherine D. |authorlink=Catherine D. Perry |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928003530/https://ecf.moed.uscourts.gov/documents/opinions/STEAK_N_SHAKE_ET_AL_V_BURGER_KING_ET_AL-CDP-57.PDF |archivedate=September 28, 2013}} [https://casetext.com/case/steak-n-shake-company-v-burger-king-corporation (7 July 2004) 323 F. Supp.2d 983 (E.D. Mo. 2004)]
15. ^{{cite book|author=George Motz|title=Hamburger America: Completely Revised and Updated Edition: A State-by-State Guide to 150 Great Burger Joints|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5-cSGkAv_L4C&pg=PT70|date=10 May 2011|publisher=Running Press|isbn=978-0-7624-4234-8|page=70}}
16. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.eater.com/2012/9/4/6549153/worlds-biggest-cheeseburger-clocks-in-at-2014-pounds |title=World's Biggest Cheeseburger Clocks in at 2,014 Pounds |date=September 4, 2012 |work=Eater |accessdate=March 2, 2017 |first=Gabe |last=Ulla}}
17. ^{{cite web | title=Free cheeseburgers! Where to find the meal deals for National Cheeseburger Day Tuesday | website=USA Today | date=September 18, 2018 | url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/nation-now/2018/09/18/national-cheeseburger-day-2018-get-free-food-and-discounts-tuesday/1275508002/ | access-date=February 25, 2019}}
18. ^{{cite news |title=In-N-Out Burgers: With an emphasis on quality, this fast feeder shows its rare appeal. (Regional Powerhouse Chains) |date=January 28, 2002 |newspaper=Nation's Restaurant News |last=Tice |first=Carol |url=http://business.highbeam.com/409700/article-1G1-82334282/nout-burgers-emphasis-quality-fast-feeder-shows-its |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141207152522/http://business.highbeam.com/409700/article-1G1-82334282/nout-burgers-emphasis-quality-fast-feeder-shows-its |dead-url=yes |archive-date=December 7, 2014 |via=Highbeam Research |subscription=yes}}
19. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.tcu360.com/story/society-s-fast-food-intake-reeks-12290873/ |accessdate=February 13, 2010 |last=Hall |first=David |title=Society's fast food intake reeks |date=October 24, 2006 |newspaper=Daily Skiff |publisher=Texas Christian University School of Journalism}}
20. ^{{cite news |last1=Flower |first1=Justin |last2=Boller |first2=Jay |title=Burger Battle |url=http://www.mndaily.com/2008/03/13/burger-battle |work=Minnesota Daily |date=13 March 2008}}
21. ^{{bibleverse||Exodus|34:26|}}
22. ^{{bibleverse||Exodus|23:19|}}
23. ^{{bibleverse||Deuteronomy|14:21|}}
24. ^{{cite news |first=Ethan |last=Bronner |title=Big Mac under attack in Jerusalem As McDonald's rings up sales of nonkosher burgers, outcry on 'cultural identity' heard |date=September 3, 1995 |newspaper=Boston Globe |url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/boston/access/21377065.html?dids=21377065:21377065&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Sep+23%2C+1995&author=Ethan+Bronner%2C+Globe+Staff&pub=Boston+Globe+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=Big+Mac+under+attack+in+Jerusalem+As+McDonald's+rings+up+sales+of+nonkosher+burgers%2C+outcry+on+%60cultural+identity'+heard&pqatl=google |accessdate=August 21, 2010 |via=ProQuest |subscription=yes}} [https://search.proquest.com/docview/21377065/ Alternate link] via ProQuest.
25. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.jweekly.com/article/full/16977/will-residents-of-jerusalem-get-to-bite-a-kosher-big-mac/ |title=Will residents of Jerusalem get to bite a kosher Big Mac? |accessdate=August 21, 2010 |date=December 21, 2001 |newspaper=J. The Jewish News of Northern California |author=}}
26. ^{{cite news |first=Angela |last=Montefinise |title=Jews Have A 'Beef' |date=March 2, 2008 |url=https://nypost.com/2008/03/02/jews-have-a-beef/ |newspaper=New York Post |accessdate=May 30, 2014}}

Further reading

{{Commons category|Cheeseburgers}}
  • {{cite web |url=http://www.culturefreak.com/tale.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030412174753/http://www.culturefreak.com/tale.html |dead-url=yes |archive-date=April 12, 2003 |title=The Tale of the Cheeseburger |first=Evan |last=Henerson |work=San Gabriel Valley Tribune |date=June 23, 1999}}
  • {{cite web | last=Nosowitz | first=Dan | title=The Price of Cheeseburgers Has Gone Up | website=Modern Farmer | date=July 6, 2018 | url=https://modernfarmer.com/2018/07/the-price-of-cheeseburgers-has-gone-up/ | access-date=February 25, 2019}}
  • {{cite web | last=Gilad | first=Elon | title=Can Jews eat cheeseburgers after all? | website=Haaretz | date=August 16, 2018 | url=https://www.haaretz.com/archaeology/.premium.MAGAZINE-can-jews-eat-cheeseburgers-after-all-1.6385393 | access-date=February 25, 2019}}
{{Burgers}}

6 : American sandwiches|Hamburgers (food)|Culture of Pasadena, California|Culture of Denver|Fast food|Culinary dishes
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