| 词条 | Fort Gratiot | ||
| 释义 |
| name = Fort Gratiot | nrhp_type = | image = Fort Gratiot (Michigan).jpg | caption = Pine Grove Park, 2012 - the southern section of Fort Gratiot | location= Along Thomas Edison Parkway, Port Huron, Michigan[1][2] | coordinates = {{coord|42|59|42|N|82|25|41|W|display=inline,title}} | locmapin = Michigan#USA | built = {{Start date|1814}} | architect = | architecture = | added = April 14, 1980 | area = {{convert|7.5|acre}} | refnum = 80004069[3] |designated_other1= Michigan State Historic Site }}Fort Gratiot was an American stockade fort in Fort Gratiot, Michigan, in Saint Clair County, Michigan. The former location of the fort was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.[3] HistoryThe Army constructed Fort Gratiot in 1814 as an outpost to guard the juncture of the Saint Clair River and Lake Huron. The fort took the name of the engineer supervising its construction, Charles Gratiot. Soldiers occupied Fort Gratiot until 1822 and then abandoned the fort. Lucius Lyon built Fort Gratiot Light north of Fort Gratiot in 1825-1829. The Army then returned from 1828, and rebuilt the fort to a somewhat smaller size than the original,[5] also building some timber framed structures on the site, including a hospital and officer's quarters.[4] They the site intermittently until 1879.[5] The Army abandoned Fort Gratiot in 1879.[5] It was not entirely shut down until 1895.[6] Pine Grove Park occupies part of the fort site. The timber-framed hospital and officers quarters were moved multiple times within the fort, finally being placed in the western section, along what is now St. Claire Street. In the 1980s, archaeological work determined the age of the structures, and in 2000-02, the Port Huron Museum acquired both homes and moved them to a lot in Lighthouse Park, where the Fort Gratiot Lighthouse is located. Restoration began in 2012.[4] DescriptionThe original fort was constructed entirely of wood. Logs formed the base, with piled earth and upright timbers forming a stockade. The fort was approximately 165 wide feet by 495 feet long. [7][8] It likely had a two-story blockhouse.[5] GalleryReferences1. ^The NRIS lists Fort Gratiot as "Address Restricted," but a historical marker placed along Thomas Edison Parkway, and historical atlases, indicate the location. Geo-coordinates are approximate. 2. ^{{citation | title = Combination Atlas Map of St. Clair County | author = Oliver F. Waegon | publisher = Everts & Stewart | year = 1871 | page = 22 | url = http://www.sccl.lib.mi.us/xplats/plat1876.pdf}} 3. ^1 {{NRISref|version=2010a}} 4. ^1 {{cite web | title = Fort Gratiot Hospital | publisher = Port Huron Museum | url = https://www.phmuseum.org/426-2/ | accessdate = October 25, 2017}} 5. ^1 {{citation | title = The Encyclopedia Of the War Of 1812: A Political, Social, and Military History | author = Spencer C. Tucker | publisher = ABC-CLIO | year = 2012 | ISBN = 9781851099573 | page = 257 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=VljA5QEI9_wC&pg=PA257#v=onepage&q&f=false}} 6. ^Walter Romig, Michigan Place Names, p. 204 7. ^1 2 {{citation | author = William A. Jenks | title = Fort Gratiot and Its Builder Gen. Charles Gratiot | url =https://books.google.com/books?id=LhMUAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA144 | journal = Michigan History Magazine | date = January 1920 | pages = 141-55}} 8. ^{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9V1IAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA129#v=onepage&q&f=false | title=The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States | publisher=Govt. Print. Off. | author=Gannett, Henry | year=1905 | pages=129}} External links
6 : Forts in Michigan|American Civil War forts|Buildings and structures in St. Clair County, Michigan|Military history of Michigan|Pre-statehood history of Michigan|1814 establishments in Michigan Territory |
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