| 词条 | Fowlers Bay, South Australia |
| 释义 |
| type = town | name = Fowlers Bay | state = sa | image = Fowlers-Bay-town.JPG | caption = Town of Fowlers Bay | image_alt = | relief = | coordinates = {{coord|31.990142|S|132.435748|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | coord_ref = [1] | pushpin_map_caption = | pushpin_label_position = | map_alt = | pop = 51 (shared with Coorabie) | pop_year = {{CensusAU|2016}} | pop_footnotes =[2]{{efn|For the 2016 census, the 'State Suburb of Fowlers Bay' consisted of the localities of Coorabie and Fowlers Bay.}} | poprank = | density = | density_footnotes = | established = 10 July 1890 (town) 8 February 2001 (locality) | established_footnotes = [3][4] | abolished = | gazetted = | postcode = 5690[5] | elevation = 3 | elevation_footnotes =[6] | area = | area_footnotes = | timezone = ACST | utc = +9:30 | timezone-dst = ACST | utc-dst = +10:30 | dist1 = 658 | dir1 = NW | location1 = Adelaide | dist2 = 500 | dir2 = W | location2 = Port Augusta | dist3 = 118 | dir3 = W | location3 = Ceduna | lga = Pastoral Unincorporated Area[1] | region = Eyre Western[6] | county = Hopetoun[1] | division = | stategov = Flinders[7] | fedgov = Grey[8] | maxtemp = 21.5 | maxtemp_footnotes =[6] | mintemp = 12.3 | mintemp_footnotes =[6] | rainfall = 300.2 | rainfall_footnotes =[6] | near-n = Yalata | near-ne = Yalata Mitchidy Moola | near-e = Mitchidy Moola Bookabie | near-se = Great Australian Bight | near-s = Great Australian Bight | near-sw = Great Australian Bight | near-w = Coorabie | near-nw = Yalata | near = Fowlers Bay | footnotes = Locations[1][5] Adjoining localities[1] }}Fowlers Bay, formerly Yalata, is a town and locality in the Australian state of South Australia located about {{convert|658|km}} north-west of the state capital, Adelaide. Situated on the Nullarbor Plain, it was once an active port and a gateway to the western reaches of the continent, but fell into decline in the 1960s. At the 2016 census, the localities of Fowlers Bay and Coorabie shared a population of 51.[2] HistoryEuropean explorationThe coastline around Fowlers Bay was first mapped in 1627 by François Thijssen, a Dutch sea captain. His ship was the Golden Seahorse (Gulden Zeepard).[9] Fowlers Bay was named on 28 January 1802 by Matthew Flinders after his first lieutenant, Robert Fowler.[10] Edward John Eyre set up base camp here in 1840 during his epic journeys across the Nullarbor Plain. By this time the area was well-known to American and French whaling ships; Eyre documents seeing whalers in the area.[11]SettlementIn the 1860s, the first pastoral leases were established by William Swan and Robert Barr Smith, forming Yalata station, a farming property whose boundaries extended from the Head of the Bight in the west to Streaky Bay in the east.[9] The town was surveyed in March 1890 and proclaimed as the Town of Yalata on 10 July 1890.[3] Its name was changed to Fowler's Bay on 19 September 1940 to agree with the bay and to prevent dual naming.[1][12] The town is on Port Eyre at the western end of the larger Fowlers Bay.[13] Yalata now refers to a nearby township. Boundaries for the locality of Fowlers Bay which include the town were created on 8 February 2001.[4] Heritage listingsFowlers Bay contains one place listed on the South Australian Heritage Register - Whale Bone Area and the Point Fowler Structure.[14] In the 2000s{{unreferenced section|date=July 2016}}Today Fowlers Bay is located in the Pastoral Unincorporated Area of South Australia (only 15% of the state is under Local Government). The town does not receive reticulated power or water. It is currently a popular overnight destination between Nundroo and Penong, and its fishing facilities, beaches and surrounding historical ruins gives the town some interest for tourists and sightseers. There are no sealed roads to Fowlers Bay and visitors should seek advice before driving across the saltwater bog behind the town. Visually the town is dominated by a large sand dune that protects the town from the Southern Ocean. Southern right whales have recolonised into the area in recent years, with the bay providing a small but ideal sanctuary. Bottlenose dolphins and Australian sea lions may also be found. The ruins of the homestead of the Yalata station can be found several kilometres from the town. There is a small cemetery on the outskirts of the town. GovernanceFowlers Bay is located within the federal Division of Grey, the state electoral district of Flinders and the Pastoral Unincorporated Area of South Australia.[1][7][8] In the absence of a local government authority, the community in Fowlers Bay receives municipal services from a state government agency, the Outback Communities Authority.[15] GalleryClimateFowlers Bay has a cool semi-arid climate (Köppen BSk), with moderating influences from the Great Australian Bight. Summers are typically warm to very warm and almost rainless, although when hot northerly winds from the interior occur extreme heat may result. Winters are pleasant, although often windy, and damp though not wet. Three-fifths of the meagre annual rainfall of around {{convert|300|mm|in|0|disp=or}} typically occurs between May and August, but only three months have ever exceeded {{convert|115|mm|in|2|disp=or}}: June 1890 with {{convert|169.1|mm|in|2}}, August 1915 with {{convert|122.5|mm|in|2}} and May 1956 with {{convert|130.8|mm|in|2|}}.[16] The wettest year has been 1890 with {{convert|505.8|mm|in|2}} and the driest 1959 with {{convert|89.1|mm|in|2}}.[16] The highest recorded temperature was {{convert|48.4|C|F|1}} and the lowest {{convert|−3.2|C|F|1}}. {{Weather box|location = Fowlers Bay, South Australia |collapsed = yes |single line = y |metric first = y |Jan record high C = 48.4 |Feb record high C = 44.1 |Mar record high C = 42.8 |Apr record high C = 40.0 |May record high C = 33.3 |Jun record high C = 28.3 |Jul record high C = 27.2 |Aug record high C = 30.6 |Sep record high C = 38.9 |Oct record high C = 43.3 |Nov record high C = 44.4 |Dec record high C = 46.0 |year record high C = 48.4 |Jan high C = 25.1 |Feb high C = 24.1 |Mar high C = 24.2 |Apr high C = 22.5 |May high C = 20.3 |Jun high C = 17.8 |Jul high C = 17.0 |Aug high C = 18.2 |Sep high C = 20.3 |Oct high C = 21.8 |Nov high C = 23.2 |Dec high C = 24.0 |year high C = 21.5 |Jan low C = 17.1 |Feb low C = 17.0 |Mar low C = 16.0 |Apr low C = 13.4 |May low C = 10.3 |Jun low C = 8.1 |Jul low C = 6.9 |Aug low C = 7.6 |Sep low C = 9.6 |Oct low C = 11.8 |Nov low C = 13.9 |Dec low C = 15.7 |year low C = 12.3 |Jan record low C = 7.2 |Feb record low C = 2.8 |Mar record low C = 5.0 |Apr record low C = 3.9 |May record low C = -1.1 |Jun record low C = -3.2 |Jul record low C = -1.8 |Aug record low C = -0.6 |Sep record low C = 1.7 |Oct record low C = 0.0 |Nov record low C = 3.9 |Dec record low C = 3.0 |year record low C = -3.2 |rain colour = green |Jan rain mm = 8.4 |Feb rain mm = 12.3 |Mar rain mm = 13.7 |Apr rain mm = 21.6 |May rain mm = 42.0 |Jun rain mm = 51.7 |Jul rain mm = 43.5 |Aug rain mm = 36.1 |Sep rain mm = 21.8 |Oct rain mm = 20.9 |Nov rain mm = 16.5 |Dec rain mm = 12.0 |Jan rain days = 2.4 |Feb rain days = 2.4 |Mar rain days = 3.6 |Apr rain days = 5.9 |May rain days = 9.9 |Jun rain days = 11.5 |Jul rain days = 11.9 |Aug rain days = 10.4 |Sep rain days = 7.1 |Oct rain days = 6.0 |Nov rain days = 4.4 |Dec rain days = 3.3 |unit rain days = 0.2 mm |source = Bureau of Meteorology[17] }} See also
ReferencesNotes{{notelist}}Citations1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web|title=Search results for 'Fowlers Bay, LOCB' with the following datasets selected - 'Suburbs and localities', 'Counties', 'Hundreds', 'Local Government Areas', 'SA Government Regions' and 'Gazetteer'|url= http://location.sa.gov.au/viewer/?map=topographic&x=132.61607&y=-31.90868&z=11&uids=19,2,115,8,11,20,105&pinx=132.437130&piny=-31.988740&pinTitle=Location&pinText=Fowlers+Bay,+Locb |website=Location SA Map Viewer|publisher=South Australian Government|accessdate=27 January 2019}} 2. ^1 {{Census 2016 AUS|id=SSC40453 |name=Fowlers Bay (State Suburb)|accessdate=27 January 2019|quick=on}} 3. ^1 {{cite web |last1=Cockburn |first1=John A. |title=untitled proclamation re the Town of Yalata |url=http://www8.austlii.edu.au/au/other/sa_gazette/1890/32/56.pdf |website=The South Australian Government Gazette |publisher=Government of South Australia |accessdate=27 January 2019 |page=56 |date=10 July 1890}} 4. ^1 {{cite web |last1=Lawson |first1=Robert |title=GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES ACT 1991 Notice to Assign Names and Boundaries to Places |url=http://governmentgazette.sa.gov.au/sites/default/files/public/documents/gazette/2001/February/2001_013.pdf |website=The South Australian Government Gazette |publisher=Government of South Australia |accessdate=27 January 2019 |page=516 |quote="...assign the boundaries LYNDHURST, LEIGH CREEK, COPLEY, PARACHILNA, MARLA, NEPABUNNA, OODNADATTA, ANDAMOOKA, PENONG, COORABIE and FOWLERS BAY..."|date=8 February 2001}} 5. ^1 {{cite web|title= Fowlers Bay, South Australia (Postcode) |url= http://www.postcodes-australia.com/areas/sa/country+south+australia/fowlers+bay |publisher= postcodes-australia.com |accessdate=24 July 2016}} 6. ^{{cite web|title=Eyre and Western South Australian Government Region|url= http://www.sa.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0018/21249/Eyre_Western_SA_Government_region.pdf |publisher=Government of South Australia|accessdate=29 January 2016}} 7. ^1 {{cite web|title=District of Flinders Background Profile|url=http://www.ecsa.sa.gov.au/component/edocman/?task=document.download&id=551&Itemid=0 |publisher=Electoral Commission SA|accessdate=9 September 2015}} 8. ^1 {{cite web|title=Federal electoral division of Grey|url=http://www.aec.gov.au/profiles/sa/files/2011/2011-aec-a4-map-sa-grey.pdf |publisher=Australian Electoral Commission|accessdate=24 July 2015}} 9. ^1 Fowlers Bay, South Australia 10. ^{{cite book | last = Flinders | first = Matthew | authorlink = Matthew Flinders | title = A Voyage to Terra Australis : undertaken for the purpose of completing the discovery of that vast country, and prosecuted in the years 1801, 1802, and 1803 in His Majesty's ship the Investigator, and subsequently in the armed vessel Porpoise and Cumberland Schooner; with an account of the shipwreck of the Porpoise, arrival of the Cumberland at Mauritius, and imprisonment of the commander during six years and a half in that island. | url = http://www.gutenberg.org/catalog/world/readfile?pageno=229&fk_files=1486723 | accessdate = 3 January 2014 | edition = Facsimile| year = 1966| origyear = 1814| publisher = Libraries Board of South Australia| location = Adelaide; Facsimile reprint of: London : G. and W. Nicol, 1814 ed. In two volumes, with an Atlas (3 volumes) | page = 211}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://gutenberg.net.au/ausdisc/ausdisc2-15.html|title=Book 2. - Australian Discovery by Land - XV Eyre's journey from Fowler's Bay to Albany in 1841|author=Edward John Eyre}} 12. ^{{cite web |last1=McEwin |first1=A. Lyell |title=ALTERATION OF NAMES OF TOWNS. |url=http://www8.austlii.edu.au/au/other/sa_gazette/1940/39.pdf |website=The South Australian Government Gazette |publisher=Government of South Australia |accessdate=24 January 2019 |pages=569-570 |date=19 September 1940}} 13. ^{{cite web|title= Placename Details: Port Eyre |id=SA0023421 |date=1 March 2010 |url= http://maps.sa.gov.au/plb/# |work=Property Location Browser |publisher=Government of South Australia |accessdate=24 December 2016}} 14. ^{{cite web|title= Whale Bone Area and the Point Fowler Structure, Fowlers Bay Conservation Reserve (designated places of archaeological significance) |url= http://maps.sa.gov.au/heritagesearch/HeritageItem.aspx?p_heritageno=26 |work=South Australian Heritage Register |publisher=Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources - State Heritage Branch |accessdate=24 July 2016}} 15. ^{{cite web |title= Communities (serviced by the Outback Communities Authority) |url= http://www.oca.sa.gov.au/?q=communitieshome |publisher= Outback Communities Authority |accessdate= 24 July 2016 |deadurl= yes |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20160302074648/http://www.oca.sa.gov.au/?q=communitieshome |archivedate= 2 March 2016 |df= dmy-all }} 16. ^1 Australian Bureau of Meteorology; Monthly rainfall – Fowlers Bay 17. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url = http://reg.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/cw_018030_All.shtml|title = Climate Statistics for Fowlers Bay, South Australia|accessdate = 20 January 2012}} External links
3 : Coastal towns in South Australia|Bays of South Australia|Places in the unincorporated areas of South Australia |
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