“Fradley”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The village is about {{convert|3|mi|0}} north-east of the City of Lichfield and 1 mile south-west of Alrewas, consisting of two discrete areas, the older Fradley Village (signposted locally as simply "Fradley") and the newer Fradley South area which began development in the early 2000s and continues to be developed as of 2018.

History

Fradley first appeared in 12th-century records as 'Frodeleye', or 'Frod's lea'.^[4] Until 1 April 2009 it had been part of the larger parish of Alrewas and Fradley.^[5]^[6]^[7] The parish council is a joint one with Streethay.^[8] Following the completion of the Stirling Centre near Fradley South in 2009, comprising retail units, offices and food outlets, Fradley was formally re-categorised as a 'key rural settlement'.

Village amenities

Fradley has its own village hall which was completed in the early 2000s and an additional community hall on adjacent land. The village church, St. Stephen's Church, was built in 1861 on the corner of Church Lane and Old Hall Lane. A Victorian schoolhouse, which had stood beside the church since 1875, was demolished in 2008 to make room for modern classrooms at St. Stephen's Primary School.

Fradley is close to the A38 road Ryknild Street (which became a dual-carriageway in 1958) and is served by bus services to Lichfield and Burton upon Trent. A railway line passes close to the eastern side of the village but no station exists in Fradley, the nearest passenger station is now Lichfield Trent Valley railway station serving the West Coast Main Line, the London-Crewe line and acting as the terminus for the Cross-City Line. From 1849 until 1965, Alrewas railway station on the South Staffordshire Line was the closest passenger station to Fradley but was closed on 18 January 1965 by the British Railways Board.

The Coventry Canal runs through the village and merges with the Trent and Mersey Canal at nearby Fradley Junction. Several bridges cross the Coventry Canal in Fradley, including Bell Bridge which carries the A38.

Fradley has a small Post Office/newsagent located in Church Lane and there are several retail units at the Stirling Centre near Fradley South - including two take-away restaurants, a Co-operative Food convenience store, a cafe, a hair salon and a gym. The Fradley Arms Hotel is located adjacent to the southbound carriageway of the A38, next door to the Premier Inn Lichfield and a new public house is planned for a site near Fradley Park.

Currently, more new houses are being built adjacent to the Stirling Centre - this estate is nominally called Sheasby Park. This will be a large addition to the village and will introduce 700 new houses to the wider Fradley South development.

Fradley Aerodrome/RAF Lichfield

Construction on the Fradley Aerodrome (known as RAF Lichfield) started in 1939 and in August 1940 the Royal Air Force moved in, along with Hawker Hurricane, Airspeed Oxford and Avro Anson aircraft. Spitfire arrived in 1941 and Vickers Wellington aircraft followed in 1942. Alongside RAF personnel training in the Wellingtons, there were a large number of Australians and some Canadians and Czechs. The RAF left in 1958 and the whole site was sold by the Air Ministry in 1962.{{citation needed|date=June 2012}}

St. Stephen's Church is home to the war graves of a number of Australian aircrew and one German Luftwaffe pilot who lost their lives during World War II. In 2000 a memorial to all who served at RAF Lichfield was constructed in Fradley.

Fradley Park

In 1998 major redevelopment started on the former airfield, with the construction of factories, warehouses and 750 new houses. Today Fradley Park, a 300-acre warehousing and distribution development, covers most of the former airfield. Tenants of Fradley Park include Tesco, Faurecia, Hellman Worldwide Logistics, NTN Bearings (UK), Newell Rubbermaid, Caterpillar Logistics, Swish UK Zytek and Palletways Birmingham.

Fradley Junction

Fradley was first mentioned in 1768 when the Engineer James Brindley won the contract to build the canal from Coventry, to link with the Trent and Mersey Canal at Fradley. It was not until 1783 that this canal was completed, meeting the Trent and Mersey at Fradley Junction.{{citation needed|date=June 2012}}

Bown Pond

Bown Pond is a man-made area of water to the south west of Fradley village. The pond was excavated for clay and gravel during the construction of the Coventry canal in 1782. The materials were manufactured into bricks at the brickyard at Hilliard’s Cross. The Bown Pond was originally round and was one of several such pits in the area around Fradley Junction which have since been filled. The pond is named after Josiah Bown, a tenant farmer on the Bridge farm estate, who is said to have drowned in the pond in 1820 on his way back from the Bull’s Head Inn, Rikneld Street.^[9]

When the area was taken over by the Air Ministry in 1939 for the development of RAF Lichfield this small lake became a popular meeting place for Australian airman who were based at the station. In the 1940s Bown Pond had a small stock of fish, mainly carp, an annual children’s fishing competition took place until the mid fifties when the pond became choked with weed. After RAF Lichfield was decommissioned in 1958 the pond was left untended until the early 2000s.

Landscaping works in 2003 cleared and re-shaped the pond to its current kidney shape. It was re-purposed as a balancing pond for the adjacent housing development to mitigate against surface water flooding. The island in the middle of the pond was also cleared revealing the remains of a small diving platform that had been constructed on the island during WW2. The remains of this are still visible today.

The area around the pond is collectively known as Bown Pond, much of the area now forms part of the Fradley South and Sheasby Park housing developments. The Sterling Centre shops and leisure facilities are on the site which was previously Bown Pond Lane. The lane ran from Common Lane at Bown Pond and joined onto Gorse Lane, following the route which eventually became runway 17 at RAF Lichfield.

During the construction of the second phase of the Fradley South Housing development the pond has been further landscaped and is popular with dog walkers.

References

1. ^OS Explorer Map 245: The National Forest :(1:25 000) :{{ISBN|0 319 24028 2}}
2. ^Map Details retrieved 11 April 2013
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadKeyFigures.do?a=7&b=11123569&c=Fradley&d=16&e=62&g=6463482&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1449572275562&enc=1|title=Civil Parish population 2011|accessdate=8 December 2015}}
4. ^http://www.fradleyandstreethaypc.org/fradley
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/about-statistics/geography/products/geog-products-area/names-codes/administrative/index.html |title=Names and codes for Administrative Geography |date=31 December 2008 |publisher=Office for National Statistics |accessdate=15 September 2009 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110520160918/http://www.ons.gov.uk/about-statistics/geography/products/geog-products-area/names-codes/administrative/index.html |archivedate=20 May 2011 |df= }}
6. ^{{cite web|title=Closure of AaFwS Parish Council web pages|url=http://www.afspc.info/|year=2009|accessdate=10 September 2009}}
7. ^{{cite web|title=Review of Parish Council Wards and Boundaries|url=http://www.lichfielddc.gov.uk/downloads/item_4.pdf|year=2005|accessdate=14 September 2009}}
8. ^{{cite web|url = http://www.lichfielddc.gov.uk/site/scripts/documents_info.php?documentID=540|title = Parish clerk contact details|year = 2009|publisher = Lichfield District Council|accessdate = 16 September 2009}}
9. ^Canals - The Making of a Nation: A Journey Into the Heart of Industrial Britain IBSN 1849901082

Location