| 词条 | Frances Ashcroft |
| 释义 |
| honorific_prefix = Dame | name = Frances Ashcroft | honorific_suffix = {{Post-nominals|country=GBR|DBE|FRS|FMedSci}} | image = | birth_name = Frances Mary Ashcroft | birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=y|1952|2|15}}[1] | nationality = British | field = {{Plainlist|
| alma_mater = University of Cambridge | workplaces = {{plainlist|
}} | awards = {{plainlist |style=white-space: nowrap; |
}} | thesis_title = Calcium electrogenesis in insect muscle | thesis_url = http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.448200 | thesis_year = 1978 | website = {{URL|http://www.dpag.ox.ac.uk/team/group-leaders/frances-ashcroft}} | module = {{Listen |embed= yes |filename= Frances_Ashcroft_BBC_Radio4_The_Life_Scientific_15_May_2012_b01hjqhr.flac |title= Frances Ashcroft's voice |type= speech |description= from the BBC programme The Life Scientific, 15 May 2012.[2] }} }}Dame Frances Mary Ashcroft, {{Post-nominals|country=GBR|DBE|FRS|FMedSci|size=100%|sep=,}} (born 1952) is a British ion channel physiologist. She is Royal Society GlaxoSmithKline Research Professor at the University Laboratory of Physiology at the University of Oxford. She is a fellow of Trinity College, Oxford and is a director of the Oxford Centre for Gene Function. Her research group has an international reputation for work on insulin secretion, type II diabetes and neonatal diabetes.[3][4] Her work with Professor Andrew Hattersley has helped enable children born with diabetes to switch from insulin injections to tablet therapy.[5][6] EducationAfter attending Talbot Heath School Ashcroft gained a degree in Natural Sciences, and then a PhD in zoology from Cambridge in 1978.[7][8] Ashcroft then did post-doctoral research at the University of Leicester and the University of California at Los Angeles.[9] CareerAshcroft is a Director of Oxion: Ion Channels and Disease Initiative, a research and training programme on integrative ion channel research, funded by the Wellcome Trust.[10] ResearchAshcroft's research focuses on ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP)channels and their role in insulin secretion. Ashcroft is working towards explaining how a rise in the blood glucose concentration stimulates the release of insulin from the pancreatic beta-cells, what goes wrong with this process in type 2 diabetes, and how drugs used to treat this condition exert their beneficial effects.[11] Ashcroft has authored a few science and popular science books based on ion channel physiology:
Honours and awardsAshcroft was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1999.[15] In 2007 Ashcroft was awarded the Walter B. Cannon Award, the highest honour bestowed by the American Physiological Society.[16] She was one of five 2012 winners of the L'Oreal-UNESCO Award for Women in Science.[17] Ashcroft was awarded an honorary degrees of Doctor of the University from the Open University in 2003 and Doctor of Science from the University of Leicester on 13 July 2007.[8] Ashcroft delivered the Croonian Lecture at the Royal Society in 2013.[18] In the 2015 Queen's Birthday Honours, she was appointed a Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE) 'for services to Medical Science and the Public Understanding of Science'.[19] Personal lifeAshcroft appeared (as a diner) on MasterChef during the 2011 series,{{fact|date=November 2016}} along with several other Fellows of the Royal Society. References1. ^{{Who's Who | surname = ASHCROFT | othernames = Prof. Frances Mary | id = U5819 | volume = 2014 | edition = online Oxford University Press}} {{subscription required}} {{FRS 1999}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Ashcroft, Frances}}2. ^{{Cite episode |title= Frances Ashcroft |series= The Life Scientific |serieslink= The Life Scientific |url= http://bbc.co.uk/programmes/b01hjqhr |station= BBC Radio 4 |date= 2012-05-15 |accessdate= 2014-01-18 }} 3. ^{{Cite journal | last1 = Ashcroft | first1 = F. M. | last2 = Harrison | first2 = D. E. | last3 = Ashcroft | first3 = S. J. H. | doi = 10.1038/312446a0 | title = Glucose induces closure of single potassium channels in isolated rat pancreatic β-cells | journal = Nature | volume = 312 | issue = 5993 | pages = 446–448 | year = 1984 | pmid = 6095103| pmc = }} 4. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1016/0079-6107(89)90013-8| title = Electrophysiology of the pancreatic β-cell| journal = Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology| volume = 54| issue = 2| pages = 87| year = 1989| last1 = Ashcroft | first1 = F. M. | authorlink1 = Frances Ashcroft| last2 = Rorsman | first2 = P. | authorlink2 = Patrik Rorsman| pmid = 2484976}} 5. ^{{Cite journal | last1 = Ashcroft | first1 = F. M. | doi = 10.1146/annurev.ne.11.030188.000525 | title = Adenosine 5'-Triphosphate-Sensitive Potassium Channels | journal = Annual Review of Neuroscience | volume = 11 | pages = 97–118 | year = 1988 | pmid = 2452599| pmc = }} 6. ^Frances Ashcroft talks to ReAgent about career advice for scientists 7. ^{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Frances Mary|last=Ashcroft |title=Calcium electrogenesis in insect muscle |publisher=University of Cambridge |date=1978 |url=http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.448200}} 8. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www2.le.ac.uk/ebulletin/news/2000-2009/2007/07/nparticle.2007-07-16.3558954245|title=Oration for Professor Frances Ashcroft by Professor Gordon Campbell. On the occasion of being awarded Doctor of Science summer 2007.|publisher=University of Leicester|accessdate=25 June 2012}} 9. ^{{Cite web| title = Frances Ashcroft, Professorial Fellow in Physiology| work = Trinity College, University of Oxford| accessdate = 2015-04-21| date = 2014| url = http://www.trinity.ox.ac.uk/people/profiles/frances-ashcroft/}} 10. ^{{Cite web| title = Welcome to Oxion| work = Oxion: Ion Channels and Disease Initiative, Universities of Oxford, Cambridge, London and MRC Hartwell| accessdate = 2015-04-21| url = http://oxion.dpag.ox.ac.uk/}} 11. ^{{Cite web| title = Frances Ashcroft — GLAXOSMITHKLINE Royal Society Professor| work = Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford| accessdate = 2015-04-21| date = 2015| url = http://www.dpag.ox.ac.uk/team/group-leaders/frances-ashcroft}} 12. ^1999, Academic Press, {{ISBN|0120653109}} 13. ^2000, Harper Collins, {{ISBN|0141046538}} 14. ^2012, W. W. Norton and Company, {{ISBN|0006551254}} 15. ^{{cite web|url=http://royalsociety.org/about-us/fellowship/fellows|title=Lists of Royal Society Fellows 1660–2007|publisher=The Royal Society|accessdate=6 July 2012|location=London}} 16. ^{{cite press release |title=Oxford physiology professor earns APS' Walter B. Cannon Award |date=27 April 2007 |url=http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2007-04/aps-opp042607.php |publisher=American Physiological Society |via=EurekAlert! |accessdate=22 March 2015 }} 17. ^{{cite web|url= http://www.ox.ac.uk/media/news_stories/2011/111108_3.html |title= Ashcroft receives L'oreal-UNESCO Award for Women in Science|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20111108225044/https://www.ox.ac.uk/media/news_stories/2011/111108_3.html |date= 8 November 2011 |archive-date= 8 November 2011 |website= OxWeb |access-date= 24 October 2017}} 18. ^{{cite web|dead-url=usurped|url = http://royalsociety.org/awards/croonian-lecture/ |archive-url= https://archive.is/bLAA |archive-date= 24 October 2017 |title= Croonian Lecture—List of lecturers: 21st century |publisher= Royal Society|access-date=24 October 2017}} 19. ^{{London Gazette |issue=61256 |date=13 June 2015 |page=B8 |supp=y }} 15 : 1952 births|Living people|Place of birth missing (living people)|Academics of the University of Leicester|British geneticists|British physiologists|British women scientists|Dames Commander of the Order of the British Empire|Electrophysiologists|Female Fellows of the Royal Society|Fellows of Girton College, Cambridge|Fellows of the Academy of Medical Sciences|Fellows of Trinity College, Oxford|L'Oréal-UNESCO Awards for Women in Science laureates|21st-century women scientists |
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