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Frances Gertrude Claire D'Souza, Baroness D'Souza, {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|sep=,|CMG|PC}} (née Russell; born 18 April 1944) is a British scientist and life peer. She was previously Lord Speaker, having held the office from 1 September 2011 to 31 August 2016.

Early life, education and early career

Frances Gertrude Claire Russell, the daughter of Robert Anthony Gilbert and Pauline (née Parmet) Russell, was educated at St Mary's School, Princethorpe, and went to University College London to read anthropology, graduating BSc in 1970. She subsequently undertook further study at Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford, obtaining the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (D.Phil.) in 1976. She worked for the Nuffield Institute of Brain Chemistry and Human Nutrition from 1973–77, Oxford Polytechnic (now Oxford Brookes University) from 1977–80, and was an independent research consultant for the United Nations from 1985-88. From 1989 to 2002, she was the director of the human rights organization Article 19.

Family

In 1959 she married Dr Stanislaus D'Souza, with whom she had two children; they divorced in 1974. From 1985 to 1994 she was married to Martin Griffiths. In 2003 she and D'Souza remarried. Their elder daughter is the journalist Christa D'Souza.^[1]^[2]

Honours

D'Souza was invested as a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George in 1999.^[3]

House of Lords

D'Souza was created a Lord Temporal as Baroness D'Souza, of Wychwood in the County of Oxfordshire, on 1 July 2004.^[4] She sat as a crossbencher in the House of Lords, where she was the Convenor of the Crossbench Peers from 2007 to 2011 with attendance "well above average".^[1]^[5]

On 13 July 2011, D'Souza was elected Lord Speaker of the House of Lords and began her new role in September 2011.^[6]

In December 2015 the results of a Freedom of Information request^[7] revealed that D'Souza spent £230 to keep a chauffeured car waiting while she watched a performance of Benjamin Britten's Gloriana with the chairman of the Federation Council of Russia. The journey was just a mile from the Houses of Parliament. She spent £270 holding a car for four and a half hours while she had lunch with the Japanese ambassador in central London. It was also revealed that a 10-day official trip to Japan, Hong Kong and Taiwan in the autumn of last year cost nearly £26,000, and that she had spent £4,000 across a five-year period on fresh flowers for her office at the taxpayer's expense.^[8]^[9]

D'Souza's term as Lord Speaker ended on 31 August 2016.^[10] After returning to the crossbenches she called for urgent action to address the growing size of the House of Lords, including limits on the Prime Minister's patronage power.^[11]^[12]

References

1. ^¹{{cite web|url=http://www.crossbenchpeers.org.uk/convenors.html#dsouza|title=Convenors of the Crossbench Peers|accessdate=25 April 2015|publisher=The office of the Convenor of the Crossbench Peers|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150516013234/http://www.crossbenchpeers.org.uk/convenors.html#dsouza|archivedate=16 May 2015|df=dmy-all}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/4729990/My-parents-love-affair-comes-full-circle.html|title=My parents' love affair comes full circle|accessdate=25 April 2015|publisher=The Daily Telegraph}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://thepeerage.com/index_award_knight.htm|title=Index to British Orders|publisher=thePeerage.com|accessdate=9 September 2012}}
4. ^¹{{cite web|url=http://www.parliament.uk/biographies/lords/baroness-d%27souza/3709|title=Baroness D'Souza|publisher=UK Parliament|accessdate=6 July 2008}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.theyworkforyou.com/peer/baroness_d%27souza|title=Baroness D'Souza|accessdate=6 July 2008|publisher=They Work For You}}
6. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-14190737|title=Baroness D'Souza elected new Lords Speaker|date= 18 July 2011|accessdate=23 July 2011|newspaper=BBC News}}
7. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/dec/22/lord-speakers-expenses-reveal-hundreds-spent-on-chauffeured-cars|title=Lord Speaker's expenses reveal £230 bill for chauffeur to wait outside opera|date= 22 December 2015|accessdate=22 December 2015|newspaper=The Guardian}}
8. ^https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/speaker-of-house-of-lords-baroness-dsouza-charged-230-taxi-fare-to-taxpayer-after-night-at-the-opera-a6783466.html
9. ^{{cite news|last1=Crace|first1=John|title=On the niceness of Mr Nice, and the mystery of the shrinking python|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2016/apr/15/digested-week-mr-nice-howard-marks-malaysia-python-mystery|accessdate=17 April 2016|work=The Guardian|date=15 April 2016}}
10. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.parliament.uk/business/news/2016/june/lord-speaker-election-result/|title=Lord Fowler elected as new Lord Speaker - News from Parliament|website=UK Parliament|access-date=2016-12-09}}
11. ^{{Cite web|url=https://constitution-unit.com/2016/12/04/we-must-address-the-house-of-lords-size-for-the-good-of-parliament/|title=We must address the House of Lords’ size, for the good of parliament|last=D'Souza|first=Baroness|date=2016-12-04|website=The Constitution Unit Blog|publisher=|access-date=2016-12-09}}
12. ^{{Cite web|url=https://hansard.parliament.uk/Lords/2016-12-05/debates/7C9584BE-6350-47C6-9C94-D20F934CA2A2/HouseOfLordsSize#contribution-617C08F6-B785-4A7D-8A91-6A7F7583E309|title=House of Lords: Size - Hansard Online|website=hansard.parliament.uk|access-date=2016-12-09}}

词条	Frances D'Souza, Baroness D'Souza
释义	Early life, education and early career Family Honours House of Lords References External links {{Use dmy dates\|date=July 2011}}{{Infobox Officeholder \| honorific-prefix = The Right Honourable \| name = The Baroness D'Souza \| honorific-suffix = {{postnominals\|country=GBR\|size=100%\|CMG\|PC}} \| image = Baroness D'Souza 2013.png \| imagesize = \| smallimage = \| caption = \| office = Lord Speaker of the House of Lords \| term_start = 1 September 2011 \| term_end = 31 August 2016 \| predecessor = The Baroness Hayman \| successor = The Lord Fowler \| office2 = Convener of the Crossbench Peers \| term_start2 = 6 November 2007 \| term_end2 = 31 August 2011 \| predecessor2 = The Lord Williamson of Horton \| successor2 = The Lord Laming \| office3 = Member of the House of Lords Lord Temporal \| term_start3 = 1 July 2004 Life Peerage \| term_end3 = \| committees = Procedure Committee (2005–present) House (2007–present) Selection; Privileges; Liaison; Administration and Works (2007–2011)^[1] \| birth_date = {{Birth date and age\|df=yes\|1944\|4\|18}} \| birth_place = Sussex, United Kingdom \| death_date = \| death_place = \| alma_mater = University College London Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford \| birthname = Frances Gertrude Claire Russell \| nationality = British \| party = Crossbench \| otherparty = Non-affiliated (2011–2016) \| spouse = Stanislaus Joseph D'Souza (1959–1974 & 2003–present) Martin John Griffiths (1985–94)}} Frances Gertrude Claire D'Souza, Baroness D'Souza, {{post-nominals\|country=GBR\|size=100%\|sep=,\|CMG\|PC}} (née Russell; born 18 April 1944) is a British scientist and life peer. She was previously Lord Speaker, having held the office from 1 September 2011 to 31 August 2016. Early life, education and early career Frances Gertrude Claire Russell, the daughter of Robert Anthony Gilbert and Pauline (née Parmet) Russell, was educated at St Mary's School, Princethorpe, and went to University College London to read anthropology, graduating BSc in 1970. She subsequently undertook further study at Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford, obtaining the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (D.Phil.) in 1976. She worked for the Nuffield Institute of Brain Chemistry and Human Nutrition from 1973–77, Oxford Polytechnic (now Oxford Brookes University) from 1977–80, and was an independent research consultant for the United Nations from 1985-88. From 1989 to 2002, she was the director of the human rights organization Article 19. Family In 1959 she married Dr Stanislaus D'Souza, with whom she had two children; they divorced in 1974. From 1985 to 1994 she was married to Martin Griffiths. In 2003 she and D'Souza remarried. Their elder daughter is the journalist Christa D'Souza.^[1]^[2] Honours D'Souza was invested as a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George in 1999.^[3] House of Lords D'Souza was created a Lord Temporal as Baroness D'Souza, of Wychwood in the County of Oxfordshire, on 1 July 2004.^[4] She sat as a crossbencher in the House of Lords, where she was the Convenor of the Crossbench Peers from 2007 to 2011 with attendance "well above average".^[1]^[5] On 13 July 2011, D'Souza was elected Lord Speaker of the House of Lords and began her new role in September 2011.^[6] In December 2015 the results of a Freedom of Information request^[7] revealed that D'Souza spent £230 to keep a chauffeured car waiting while she watched a performance of Benjamin Britten's Gloriana with the chairman of the Federation Council of Russia. The journey was just a mile from the Houses of Parliament. She spent £270 holding a car for four and a half hours while she had lunch with the Japanese ambassador in central London. It was also revealed that a 10-day official trip to Japan, Hong Kong and Taiwan in the autumn of last year cost nearly £26,000, and that she had spent £4,000 across a five-year period on fresh flowers for her office at the taxpayer's expense.^[8]^[9] D'Souza's term as Lord Speaker ended on 31 August 2016.^[10] After returning to the crossbenches she called for urgent action to address the growing size of the House of Lords, including limits on the Prime Minister's patronage power.^[11]^[12] References 1. ^¹{{cite web\|url=http://www.crossbenchpeers.org.uk/convenors.html#dsouza\|title=Convenors of the Crossbench Peers\|accessdate=25 April 2015\|publisher=The office of the Convenor of the Crossbench Peers\|deadurl=yes\|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150516013234/http://www.crossbenchpeers.org.uk/convenors.html#dsouza\|archivedate=16 May 2015\|df=dmy-all}} 2. ^{{cite web\|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/4729990/My-parents-love-affair-comes-full-circle.html\|title=My parents' love affair comes full circle\|accessdate=25 April 2015\|publisher=The Daily Telegraph}} 3. ^{{cite web\|url=http://thepeerage.com/index_award_knight.htm\|title=Index to British Orders\|publisher=thePeerage.com\|accessdate=9 September 2012}} 4. ^¹{{cite web\|url=http://www.parliament.uk/biographies/lords/baroness-d%27souza/3709\|title=Baroness D'Souza\|publisher=UK Parliament\|accessdate=6 July 2008}} 5. ^{{cite web\|url=https://www.theyworkforyou.com/peer/baroness_d%27souza\|title=Baroness D'Souza\|accessdate=6 July 2008\|publisher=They Work For You}} 6. ^{{cite news\|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-14190737\|title=Baroness D'Souza elected new Lords Speaker\|date= 18 July 2011\|accessdate=23 July 2011\|newspaper=BBC News}} 7. ^{{cite news\|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/dec/22/lord-speakers-expenses-reveal-hundreds-spent-on-chauffeured-cars\|title=Lord Speaker's expenses reveal £230 bill for chauffeur to wait outside opera\|date= 22 December 2015\|accessdate=22 December 2015\|newspaper=The Guardian}} 8. ^https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/speaker-of-house-of-lords-baroness-dsouza-charged-230-taxi-fare-to-taxpayer-after-night-at-the-opera-a6783466.html 9. ^{{cite news\|last1=Crace\|first1=John\|title=On the niceness of Mr Nice, and the mystery of the shrinking python\|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2016/apr/15/digested-week-mr-nice-howard-marks-malaysia-python-mystery\|accessdate=17 April 2016\|work=The Guardian\|date=15 April 2016}} 10. ^{{Cite web\|url=https://www.parliament.uk/business/news/2016/june/lord-speaker-election-result/\|title=Lord Fowler elected as new Lord Speaker - News from Parliament\|website=UK Parliament\|access-date=2016-12-09}} 11. ^{{Cite web\|url=https://constitution-unit.com/2016/12/04/we-must-address-the-house-of-lords-size-for-the-good-of-parliament/\|title=We must address the House of Lords’ size, for the good of parliament\|last=D'Souza\|first=Baroness\|date=2016-12-04\|website=The Constitution Unit Blog\|publisher=\|access-date=2016-12-09}} 12. ^{{Cite web\|url=https://hansard.parliament.uk/Lords/2016-12-05/debates/7C9584BE-6350-47C6-9C94-D20F934CA2A2/HouseOfLordsSize#contribution-617C08F6-B785-4A7D-8A91-6A7F7583E309\|title=House of Lords: Size - Hansard Online\|website=hansard.parliament.uk\|access-date=2016-12-09}} External links {{Commons category}} Baroness D'Souza on parliament.uk {{s-start}}{{s-par\|uk}}{{s-bef\|before=The Lord Williamson of Horton}}{{s-ttl\|title=Convenor of the Crossbench Peers\|years=2007–2011}}{{s-aft\|after=The Lord Laming}}{{s-bef\|before = The Baroness Hayman}}{{s-ttl\|title=Lord Speaker\|years=2011–2016}}{{s-aft\|after=The Lord Fowler}}{{s-end}}{{Lord Speaker}}{{Lord Speaker election, 2011}}{{Covenor of Crossbench Peers}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Dsouza, Frances}} 15 : 1944 births\|Living people\|People educated at Princethorpe College\|Alumni of University College London\|Alumni of Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford\|People from Sussex\|People from Warwickshire\|People from Oxfordshire\|Academics of Oxford Brookes University\|Companions of the Order of St Michael and St George\|Crossbench life peers\|Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom\|Female life peers\|People's peers\|Lords Speaker
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Early life, education and early career

Family

Honours

House of Lords

References

External links