| 词条 | Francis Ley |
| 释义 |
| name = Sir Francis Ley, Bt | image = FrancisLey.jpg | image_size = | caption = from a photo with his Baseball team | birth_date = 3 January 1846 [1] | birth_place = Derby, Derbyshire | death_date = 17 January 1916 [1] | death_place = Epperstone | education = Burton Grammar School and privately | occupation = Businessman | spouse = Georgina Townsend Alison Catherine Jobson | parents = George and Sarah Ley | children = five }} Sir Francis Ley, 1st Baronet (3 January 1846 – 27 January 1916) was an English industrialist. He founded Ley's Malleable Castings Vulcan Ironworks in Derby.[3] He (re-)introduced baseball into the United Kingdom with the Derby County Baseball Club[1] and owned Ley's Baseball Ground from 1890 to 1924, which was home to Derby County Football Club. In 1905, Ley was created a Baronet, of Epperstone Manor[5] and, in the same year, served as High Sheriff of Nottinghamshire.[6] BiographyFrancis Ley was born on 3 January 1846 in Winshill which at the time was in south-west Derbyshire (it's now in Staffordshire). He was the only son of George Phillips Ley[2] and Sarah (born Potts).[3] He started work at Andrew Handyside & Co. as a draughtsman and learnt about engineering. At the age of 28 he established a malleable iron castings foundry on Osmaston Road, Derby in 1874.[4] The business became the Ley's Malleable Castings Company Ltd.[5] The Vulcan Iron Works at Osmaston Road occupied an 11-acre site by the Birmingham and Derby Junction Railway.[11] In the London Gazette of 14 April 1876 Ley was granted a patent for "improvements in apparatus for locking and fastening nuts on fish plate and other bolts".[6] In 1878 he was sued for patent infringement by an American drive chain belt company; the case was settled and Ley's company was awarded sole manufacturing rights. By the 1880s Ley was demolishing his old works and rebuilding on a grander scale. The new factory was to include expensive sporting facilities. Ley was never sporting himself but he was an enthusiast for sport and sat on the board of Derbyshire County Cricket Club.[3] The Vulcan iron foundry was closed and demolished in 1986.[7] SportLey visited the United States of America in 1889, and was impressed by the game of baseball. Some people had been intrigued by Albert Spalding's world tour with his baseball team when it played in England in 1889.[16] Ley decided that, as a way of ensuring a healthier and more productive workforce, an investment should be made in promoting recreation for his workers. During his journey to the States, Ley had seen the way in which baseball fields had been laid out by companies and factories for the use by their workers and decided to follow suit on his return to Derby. Consequently, Ley had what was to be called "Ley's Baseball Ground" built; a {{convert|12|acre|m2|sing=on}} park for the use of workers with cricket and baseball facilities. The National Baseball League of Great Britain and Ireland was started in 1890 and a letter was sent to Spalding in America requesting help in establishing a league. The British requested eight to ten players to coach and convert the existing players whose primary game was usually soccer. Spalding, who also sold sporting goods, was enthusiastic and sent a skilled manager, Jim Hart and players: William J. Barr, Charles Bartlett, J.E.Prior and Leech Maskrey.[16] The intention had been to have eight teams but initially there were just four Aston Villa, Preston North End, Stoke and Derby. The first three used Hart to decide the line-up of their teams, but Ley, who had more experience of baseball, made his own decisions.[8] The club ran away with the first championship; however, pressure from other teams in the league over the number of American professionals (three) on the team led to Derby County withdrawing when they would have been the first league champions.[9] Derby did win the British title three times in the 1890s. Another problem was the start of Derby County Football Club in 1895. The baseball club itself lasted until 1898. The Baseball Ground continued to be used under that name as the home of Derby County F.C. until 1997. Ley's grounds were used for a variety of sports. A picture below shows Ley's 1912 Cricket team. Remarkably it contains three players who were capped for England at football. These were S. Bloomer on the right of the back row; H. Barnes on the left but one of the middle row and J. Bagshaw who is first on the front row. FamilyLey first married Georgina Townsend and they had a son and two daughters. His first son, Henry Gordon Ley (1874-1944) is pictured left with his father. Following his first wife's death he married Alison Catherine Jobson in 1888. They had two sons who both joined the Armed Forces. Christopher Francis Aden Ley was the elder, born in 1893. He joined the South Nottinghamshire Hussars and became a Captain in the Royal Flying Corps. He died in March 1918[10] having survived the 1915 Gallipoli campaign and outlived his younger brother. Maurice Aden Ley was two years younger and a Lieutenant; he died in November 1914.[11][12] Honours and legacyLey bought Epperstone Manor in Nottinghamshire and he was created a Baronet, of Epperstone Manor, on 27 December 1905.[13][14] Earlier the same year he was appointed High Sheriff of Nottinghamshire.[15] When Ley died he owned the company and Derby County F.C.'s sports ground. He also owned 6,500 aces of farmland and was the Lord of the Manor at Epperstone, Lazonby, Staffield, Glassonby around Kirkoswald in Cumbria.[2] There is an industrial estate named after him in Derby and his Manor and grounds have been converted to residential dwellings. Notes1. ^Grounds for concern! Newcastle join the KitKat Crescent and Pizza Hut Park in the 'dodgy stadium names' hall of shame, Laura Williamson, 5 November 2009, Daily Mail, accessed May 2010 2. ^1 [https://books.google.com/books?id=EV80vmBEQ3MC&pg=RA1-PA155&dq=-industrial+%22francis+ley%22&hl=en&ei=yRrfS9aWFtmUOLfl6O8G&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CEcQ6AEwBDgK#v=onepage&q=-industrial%20%22francis%20ley%22&f=false The Register Review of Public Events at Home and Abroad for the Year 1916], Hesperides, p.155, accessed May 2010 3. ^1 2 3 Tony Mason, ‘Ley, Sir Francis, first baronet (1846–1916)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 accessed 4 May 2010 4. ^1 Leys Malleable Castings, Graces Guide, accessed May 2010 5. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.picturethepast.org.uk/frontend.php?action=printdetails&keywords=Ref_No_increment;EQUALS;DMAG000991&prevUrl= | title=North East Midland Photographic Record | work=The Leys Malleable Castings Company Ltd Works | date=(Undated page; Image November 1987) | accessdate=17 February 2012 | pages=DMAG000991}} 6. ^{{London Gazette|issue=24314|date=14 April 1876|page=2490}} 7. ^1 {{cite web | url=http://mediahub-preview.edina.ac.uk/record/display/061-oaiwwwculturegridorgukPictureThePast2190696;jsessionid=12633A7CD25C9BCA8552D6475AEB87B9 | title=MediaHub | publisher=JISC | work=Ley's Vulcan Iron Works, Derby. Area over 11 acres | accessdate=17 February 2012}} 8. ^1 2 [https://books.google.com/books?id=_lmrLGYj20QC&pg=PA65&dq=%22francis+ley%22&as_brr=3&cd=3#v=onepage&q=%22francis%20ley%22&f=false Baseball Fiends and Flying Machines], Jerry Kuntz, p.47, accessed May 2010 9. ^1 [https://books.google.com/books?id=Y7tqTcVaawwC&pg=PA269&dq=%22francis+ley%22&hl=en&ei=RyDfS_W7EoLEOM7nofUG&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CEIQ6AEwAzge#v=onepage&q=%22francis%20ley%22&f=false Baseball without borders: the international pastime], George Gmelch, p.268, accessed May 2010 10. ^CWGC record for C.F.A. Ley 11. ^CWGC record for M.A. Ley 12. ^{{cite web |last=Lundy |first=Darryl |url=http://www.thepeerage.com/p23376.htm#i233758 |title=p. 23376 § 233758 |publisher= The Peerage}}{{Unreliable source?|failed=y |date=February 2013}} 13. ^{{London Gazette |issue=27868 |date=29 December 1905 |page=9320}} 14. ^1 Kidd, Charles, Williamson, David (editors). Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage (1990 edition). New York: St Martin's Press, 1990, {{Page needed |date=February 2013}} 15. ^1 {{London Gazette|issue=27777|page=2179|date=21 March 1905}} References{{commons category|Francis Ley}}
(of Epperstone Manor) | years=1905–1916 | before= New creation | after= Henry Gordon Ley }}{{s-hon}}{{succession box | before=Thomas Lewis Kekewich Edge | title=High Sheriff of Nottinghamshire | years=1905 | after=Joseph Frederick Laycock}}{{s-end}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Ley, Francis}} 8 : 1846 births|1916 deaths|English businesspeople|Baronets in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom|High Sheriffs of Nottinghamshire|People from Derby|People from Epperstone|People from Derbyshire (before 1895) |
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