| 词条 | Frederick I, Duke of Upper Lorraine |
| 释义 |
Frederick I (c. 912 – 18 May 978) was the count of Bar and duke of Upper Lorraine. He was a son of Wigeric, count of Bidgau, also count palatine of Lorraine, and Cunigunda,{{sfn|Nash|2017|p=xxvi}} and thus a sixth generation descendant of Charlemagne. In 954, he married Beatrice, daughter of Hugh the Great, count of Paris, and Hedwige of Saxony.{{sfn|Wickham|2009|p=450}} He received in dowry the revenues of the abbey of Saint-Denis in Lorraine. To stop incursions from the duchy of Champagne, Frederick constructed a castle over the Ornain river in 960, and later occupied confiscated lands of Saint-Mihiel.{{sfn|Evergates|1995|p=96}} He exchanged fiefs with the bishop of Toul. Thus, he created his own feudal domain, the county of Bar. So he became the founder of the House of Bar or the House of Ardennes-Bar, a cadet branch of the House of Ardennes. The duchy of Lorraine was at that time governed by the archbishop of Cologne, Bruno, who was called the archduke on account of his dual title. In 959, Bruno, in concert with his brother, the Emperor Otto I, divided the duchy, appointing as margraves (or vice-dukes) one Godfrey in Lower Lorraine and Frederick in Upper Lorraine. After Bruno's death, in 977, Frederick and Godfrey were styling themselves dukes. As duke, Frederick oversaw the reform of Saint-Dié and Moyenmoutier.{{sfn|Reuter|1992|p=49}} FamilyHis children were:
NotesSources
5 : House of Bar|Dukes of Upper Lorraine|942 births|978 deaths|House of Ardennes |
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