| 词条 | Frederick Van Nuys |
| 释义 |
|name= Frederick Van Nuys |image name=FVanNuys.jpg |jr/sr1=United States Senator |state1= Indiana |party= Democratic |term_start1= March 4, 1933 |term_end1= January 25, 1944 |preceded1= James Eli Watson |succeeded1= Samuel D. Jackson |office2= Member of the Indiana Senate |term2= 1913–1916 |birth_date= {{birth date|1874|4|16|mf=y}} |birth_place= Falmouth, Indiana, United States |death_date= {{death date and age|1944|1|25|1874|4|16|mf=y}} |death_place= Vienna, Virginia, United States |spouse= |alma_mater={{hlist|Earlham College|Indiana University Robert H. McKinney School of Law}} |religion= |footnotes= }} Frederick Van Nuys (April 16, 1874 – January 25, 1944) was a United States Senator from Indiana. Born in Falmouth, he attended the public schools and graduated from Earlham College (Richmond, Indiana) in 1898 and from Indiana Law School (now Indiana University Robert H. McKinney School of Law) in 1900. He was admitted to the bar in 1900 and commenced practice in Shelbyville moving shortly afterward to Anderson. From 1906 to 1910 he was prosecuting attorney of Madison County and was a member of the Indiana Senate from 1913 to 1916, serving as president pro tempore in 1915. He moved to Indianapolis in 1916 and continued the practice of law; he was United States attorney for the district of Indiana from 1920 to 1922. According to an interview in the Literary Digest, he pronounced his last name "van-NIECE".[1] He was elected as a Democrat to the U.S. Senate in 1932, soundly defeating longtime incumbent and Majority Leader James Eli Watson. He was an opponent of the Nineteenth Amendment and called for changes to the Volstead Act.[2] In 1937, he joined with Senator Robert F. Wagner in introducing an anti-lynching bill in the Senate. The House of Representatives passed a similar bill by a wide 277-120 margin but was successfully filibustered in the Senate in 1938. While in the Senate he was chairman of the Committee on Expenditures in Executive Departments (76th Congress) and a member of the Committee on the Judiciary (77th and 78th Congresses). Although he was a Democrat who was elected as part of Franklin D. Roosevelt’s sweeping victory, Van Nuys was not always a reliable supporter of New Deal policies and opposed the president’s plan to enlarge the United States Supreme Court.[3] He also stayed outside of the Indiana Democratic Party political machine opposing the party in patronage matters.[3] His positions led some forces in the Democratic Party, including the AFL–CIO to oppose his renomination in 1938. Loyalists to Governors Paul McNutt and M. Clifford Townsend sought to "eliminate" him from the Senate, which was welcomed by the Roosevelt administration.[4] After initially threatening to run as an independent, he secured support for the Democratic nomination and faced Republican Raymond E. Willis in the general election. Van Nuys won the election by a mere 5,100 votes, which led Willis to appeal to the Senate for a recount, alleging election irregularities. The Senate denied the recount on the grounds that the affected votes would not have changed the results.[5] In 1943 a confidential analysis by Isaiah Berlin of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee for the British Foreign Office stated of Van Nuys: {{quote|his voting record is a very mixed one; in 1939 he was one of the members of the committee which voted to postpone consideration of the Neutrality Act in June of that year; in October he voted for a revision but not for repeal. Like George and Gillette, he is one of the Senators whom the 1938 purge failed to eliminate, and his feeling towards the President is, therefore, somewhat cool. He voted for Lend-Lease in common with most Democrats, against reciprocal trade agreements, and occasionally votes with the Farm Bloc. A man of very uncertain views tinged with isolationism and liable, on the whole, to vote with the Conservatives.[6]}}He died on January 25, 1944 at his home in Vienna, Virginia after a short illness and was buried in East Maplewood Cemetery, Anderson, Indiana. Governor Henry Schricker appointed Samuel D. Jackson to succeed him in the Senate. See also{{Portal|Biography}}
References1. ^Charles Earle Funk, What's the Name, Please?, Funk & Wagnalls, 1936. {{CongBio|V000050}}2. ^{{cite news |url=https://newspaperarchive.com/salt-lake-tribune-nov-09-1932-p-10/ |title=Watson Loses in Indiana Senate Fight |publisher=Salt Lake Tribune |date=1932-11-09}} 3. ^1 {{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1937/09/05/archives/old-foes-renewing-fight-on-van-nuys-indiana-senator-was-at-odds.html |title=OLD FOES RENEWING FIGHT ON VAN NUYS; Indiana Senator Was at Odds With His Party Machine Before Court Battle Opposition Expected |publisher=New York Times |date=1937-09-05}} 4. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1938/07/06/archives/swing-to-van-nuys-foe-of-court-plan-his-indiana-rivals-following.html |title=SWING TO VAN NUYS, FOE OF COURT PLAN; His Indiana Rivals, Following Governor's Lead, Back Him for Democratic Convention |publisher=New York Times |date=1938-07-06}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/common/contested_elections/122Willis_Nuys.htm |title=The Election Case of Raymond E. Willis v. Frederick Van Nuys of Indiana (1939) |publisher=United States Senate |accessdate=2018-08-28}} 6. ^{{cite journal | url=http://content.wisconsinhistory.org/cdm/ref/collection/wmh/id/46322 | title=American Profiles on Capitol Hill: A Confidential Study for the British Foreign Office in 1943 | author=Hachey, Thomas E. | journal=Wisconsin Magazine of History |date=Winter 1973–1974 | volume=57 | issue=2 | jstor=4634869 | page=146}} External links
| state=Indiana | class=3 | before=James Eli Watson | after=Samuel D. Jackson | years=1933–1944 | alongside=Arthur Raymond Robinson, Sherman Minton, Raymond E. Willis}}{{s-off}}{{succession box | title=Chairman of the Senate Judiciary Committee | before=Henry F. Ashurst | after=Pat McCarran | years=1941–1944}}{{S-end}}{{USSenIN}}{{SenJudiciaryCommitteeChairs}}{{SenHomelandSecurityCommitteeChairmen}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Van Nuys, Frederick}} 10 : Indiana state senators|Indiana Democrats|United States Attorneys for the District of Indiana|United States Senators from Indiana|1874 births|1944 deaths|Earlham College alumni|American people of Dutch descent|Indiana University Robert H. McKinney School of Law alumni|Democratic Party United States Senators |
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