| 词条 | Chiayi | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|name = {{raise|0.2em|Chiayi}} |official_name = Chiayi City |native_name = {{lower|0.1em|{{nobold|{{lang|zh-hant|嘉義市}}}}}} |settlement_type = City |image_skyline = Chiayi City Montage.png |image_caption = Clockwise from top left:View of night in Chiayi, Chiayi Confucius Temple, Fountain at the Lantan Reservoir, Chiayi City Sports Arena, Chiayi Sun Shooting Tower, Chiayi National University |image_flag = Flag of Chiayi City.svg |image_blank_emblem = Seal of Chiayi City.svg |nickname = Peach City ({{lang|zh|桃城}}) or Jia City ({{lang|zh|嘉市}}) |image_map = Taiwan ROC political division map Chiayi City.svg |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = {{ROC-TW}} |subdivision_type1 = Region |subdivision_name1 = Southern Taiwan |seat = East District |parts_type = Districts |parts = 2 districts |p1 = East |p2 = West |government_type = Chiayi City Government |leader_party = KMT |leader_title = Mayor |leader_name = Huang Min-hui |total_type = Provincial city |area_footnotes = [1] |area_magnitude = 1 E7 |area_total_km2 = 60.03 |area_rank = 21 out of 22 |elevation_m = 69 |population_total = 270254 |population_as_of = 2016 |population_footnotes = [2] |population_rank = 18 of 22 |population_density_km2 = auto |timezone = National Standard Time |utc_offset = +8 |postal_code_type = Postal code |postal_code = 600 |area_code = 05 |iso_code = TW-CYI |blank1_name_sec2 = Flower |blank1_info_sec2 = Hong Kong orchid tree (Bauhinia blakeana) |blank2_name_sec2 = Tree |blank2_info_sec2 = Hong Kong orchid tree |website = www.chiayi.gov.tw {{En icon}} }}{{Infobox Chinese|title=Chiayi City|pic=Chiayi (Chinese characters).svg|piccap="Chiayi" in Traditional (top) and Simplified (bottom) Chinese characters|picupright=0.55|t={{linktext|嘉義|市}}|s={{linktext|嘉义|市}} |hp=Jiāyì Shì|bpmf=ㄐㄧㄚ ㄧˋ ㄕˋ|tp=Jiayì Shìh|gr=Jiayih Shyh|w=Chia1-i4 Shih4|mi={{IPAc-cmn|j|ia|1|.|yi|4|-|shi|4}}|mps=Jiāyì Shr̀|myr=Jyāyì Shr̀ |j=Gaa1ji6 Si5|ci={{IPAc-yue|g|aa|1|.|j|i|6|-|s|i|5}}|y=Gāyih Síh |phfs=Kâ-ngi-sṳ |poj=Ka-gī-chhī|tl=Ka-gī-tshī |showflag=ppoj |kanji=嘉義市|kana=かぎし|romaji=Kagi-shi}} Chiayi (Hokkien POJ: Ka-gī; {{zh|t=嘉義}}), officially known as Chiayi City, is a city located in the plains of southwestern Taiwan. Formerly called Kagee during the late Qing dynasty and Kagi during the Japanese era ({{CJKV|c=嘉義|j=嘉義}}), its historical name is Tirosen. HistoryEarly historyFirst inhabited by the Hoanya aborigines, the region was named Tirosen (variants Tirocen, Tiracen). With the arrival of Han Chinese immigrants in southwestern Taiwan, the name evolved to become Tsulosan ({{zh|t=諸羅山|p=Zhūluóshān|poj=Chu-lô-san}}) in Hokkien. Eventually, Tsulosan was shortened to simply Tsulo. Because of the choice of the characters, it has been mistakenly suggested that the origin of the name came from the expression "mountains surrounding the east". "Peach City" is another name for Chiayi City due to its peach-shaped territory in ancient times. The tip of the peach is around Central Fountain and was called "Peach-tip" by citizens. Tsulosan was once the foothold to which people from the mainland immigrated. In 1621, {{Interlanguage link multi|Chinese Peter|zh|3=顏思齊}}, who came from Zhangzhou, Fujian Province, first led his people to cultivate this land after they landed at Ponkan (modern-day Beigang). Dutch FormosaRecords from the Dutch era show Tirosen as the usual form of the name; it also occurred as Tirassen, Tirozen, Tilocen, Tilossen, Tilocen, and Thilocen.[3] The place was north of Mattau (modern-day Madou, Tainan) and south of Favorlang (Huwei, Yunlin). Kingdom of TungningIn 1661 (the 15th year of Yung-Li, Ming dynasty), Koxinga defeated the Dutch based in Taiwan and founded the Kingdom of Tungning. He established one province, {{Interlanguage link multi|Cheng-Tien-Fu|zh|3=承天府 (臺灣)}}, and two counties, {{Interlanguage link multi|Tien-Hsing|zh|3=天興縣}} and {{Interlanguage link multi|Wan-Nien|zh|3=萬年縣 (臺灣)}}, demarcated by the Hsin-Kang River ({{zh|t=新港溪}}, now the Yanshui River). Chiayi was under the jurisdiction of the Tien-Hsing County. Qing dynastyIn 1683, when Qing rule began, the island was governed as Taiwan Prefecture under the administration of Fujian Province. In 1684, Tsulo County was established and initially encompassed the underdeveloped northern two-thirds of Taiwan. (Taiwan and Hongsoa counties were divided from Wan-Nien County during the Kingdom of Tungning, which was changed from Tien-Hsing County.) In 1704, the county seat was moved to Tsulosan, the site of modern-day Chiayi City, and had wooden city walls. In 1727, the county magistrate, Liu Liang-Bi rebuilt the gatehouses and set a gun platform for each gatehouse. The four gatehouses were named: "Chin Shan" ({{lang|ko|襟山}}) for East, "Tai Hai" ({{lang|zh-hant|帶海}}) for West, "Chung Yang" ({{lang|zh-hant|崇陽}}) for South, and "Kung Chen" ({{lang|zh|拱辰}}) for North. In 1734 (the 12th year of Yongzheng), magistrate Lu-Hung built piercing-bamboo to better protect the city. In 1786, the Lin Shuangwen rebellion was an attempt to siege Tsulosan but failed to overcome the defense of the inhabitants. Consequently, on November 3 of the next year, the Qing Emperor conferred the name Kagee ({{linktext|嘉義}}; {{zh|l=commended righteousness}}) to praise the citizens' loyalty. In 1887, a separate Taiwan Province was declared and the island was administratively divided into four prefectures; the city of Kagee belonged to Tainan Prefecture. Japanese ruleIn 1895, Taiwan was ceded to Japan in the Treaty of Shimonoseki. The 1906 Meishan earthquake devastated the entire city wall except the Eastern Gate. The Japanese authorities reconstructed the city. Industries and trades started to flourish. According to the census taken in 1904, Kagi was the fourth most populous city in Taiwan, with a population of over twenty thousand.[4] In 1907, the construction of Alishan Forest Railway to Mount Ali was begun. In 1920, the city became an autonomous group as {{nihongo|Kagi Town|嘉義街}}, Kagi District, within Tainan Prefecture, which included modern-day Tainan City, Chiayi County and Yunlin County. In 1930, the town was upgraded to an autonomous city under the same prefecture. Post-warIn 1945, when Japan relinquished control of Taiwan on 25 October 1945, Chiayi City was established as a provincial city of Taiwan Province. On 16 August 1950, because of the re-allocation of administrative areas in which Taiwan was divided into 16 counties, five provincial cities and a special bureau, Chiayi City was downgraded to a county-controlled city and merged with Chiayi County to be the county seat. As a result, a shortage of capital hindered its development. On 1 July 1982, Chiayi City was elevated again to a provincial city as a result of pressure from local elites. On 6 October 1990, the East District and West District were established.[5] GeographyChiayi City is located on the north side of Chianan Plain, south west of Taiwan Island. On the east side is the Mount Ali, on the west side is the Chiayi Airport, on the north side is the Puzi River and on the south side is the Bazhang River. The distance from east to west of Chiayi City is {{convert|15.8|km|abbr=on}} and from north to south is {{convert|10.5|km|abbr=on}} with a total area of {{convert|60.0256|km2|abbr=on}}. Chiayi City is completely surrounded by Chiayi County. Most of Chiayi City land are broad flat fertility plains. The terrain slowly rises from west to east. ClimateChiayi City has a warm humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cwa). Northeasterly winds during fall and winter mean that rainfall is depressed during that time, while southwesterly winds during summer and the later portion of spring bring most of the year's rainfall, with more than 60% falling from June to August. Humidity is high year-round, even during winter. {{Weather box|width = auto |collapsed = Y |location = Chiayi (normals 1981–2010, extremes 1968–present) |metric first = y |single line = y |Jan record high C = 31.7 |Feb record high C = 33.0 |Mar record high C = 34.1 |Apr record high C = 33.9 |May record high C = 37.2 |Jun record high C = 37.0 |Jul record high C = 37.0 |Aug record high C = 36.6 |Sep record high C = 36.7 |Oct record high C = 36.5 |Nov record high C = 32.9 |Dec record high C = 32.5 |year record high C = 37.2 |Jan high C = 22.1 |Feb high C = 22.4 |Mar high C = 24.8 |Apr high C = 27.8 |May high C = 30.5 |Jun high C = 32.3 |Jul high C = 33.1 |Aug high C = 32.6 |Sep high C = 31.6 |Oct high C = 29.8 |Nov high C = 27.1 |Dec high C = 23.9 |year high C = 28.2 |Jan mean C = 16.5 |Feb mean C = 17.3 |Mar mean C = 19.7 |Apr mean C = 23.0 |May mean C = 25.8 |Jun mean C = 27.8 |Jul mean C = 28.6 |Aug mean C = 28.2 |Sep mean C = 27.0 |Oct mean C = 24.5 |Nov mean C = 21.3 |Dec mean C = 17.7 |year mean C = 23.1 |Jan low C = 12.5 |Feb low C = 13.8 |Mar low C = 15.9 |Apr low C = 19.2 |May low C = 22.1 |Jun low C = 24.3 |Jul low C = 25.2 |Aug low C = 24.9 |Sep low C = 23.7 |Oct low C = 20.9 |Nov low C = 17.3 |Dec low C = 13.2 |year low C = 19.4 |Jan record low C = 1.8 |Feb record low C = 2.6 |Mar record low C = 2.7 |Apr record low C = 8.2 |May record low C = 13.9 |Jun record low C = 17.5 |Jul record low C = 21.7 |Aug record low C = 19.7 |Sep record low C = 17.6 |Oct record low C = 12.7 |Nov record low C = 6.7 |Dec record low C = 0.4 |year record low C = 0.4 |rain colour = green |Jan rain mm = 23.6 |Feb rain mm = 57.4 |Mar rain mm = 63.4 |Apr rain mm = 103.0 |May rain mm = 176.2 |Jun rain mm = 314.0 |Jul rain mm = 369.9 |Aug rain mm = 380.2 |Sep rain mm = 222.6 |Oct rain mm = 27.5 |Nov rain mm = 15.2 |Dec rain mm = 21.3 |year rain mm= 1774.3 |Jan humidity = 79.0 |Feb humidity = 81.5 |Mar humidity = 81.5 |Apr humidity = 82.2 |May humidity = 82.0 |Jun humidity = 79.6 |Jul humidity = 78.7 |Aug humidity = 81.5 |Sep humidity = 82.6 |Oct humidity = 81.4 |Nov humidity = 79.6 |Dec humidity = 77.5 |year humidity= 80.6 |unit rain days = 0.1 mm |Jan rain days = 4.9 |Feb rain days = 6.5 |Mar rain days = 7.7 |Apr rain days = 9.2 |May rain days = 10.1 |Jun rain days = 13.7 |Jul rain days = 14.4 |Aug rain days = 17.0 |Sep rain days = 10.4 |Oct rain days = 2.6 |Nov rain days = 2.8 |Dec rain days = 3.4 |Jan sun = 165.1 |Feb sun = 134.2 |Mar sun = 151.3 |Apr sun = 150.4 |May sun = 172.6 |Jun sun = 181.0 |Jul sun = 214.2 |Aug sun = 192.5 |Sep sun = 181.2 |Oct sun = 189.7 |Nov sun = 163.6 |Dec sun = 170.9 |year sun= 2066.7 |source 1 = [6] |date=August 2010 }} GovernmentChiayi City is a provincial city of Taiwan Province of the Republic of China. The city is governed by the Chiayi City Government, while the residence is represented in the Chiayi City Council. The current Mayor of Chiayi City is Huang Min-hui of the Kuomintang. Administrative divisionsChiayi City is divided into two districts. East District is the city seat which houses the Chiayi City Government.
PoliticsChiayi City voted one Democratic Progressive Party legislator to be in the Legislative Yuan during the Taiwanese general election, 2016.[7] DemographicsChiayi city is a 100% purely ethnic Hokkien inhabited city. {{Historical populations|type = Taiwan |footnote = Source:{{cite web|url=http://www.ris.gov.tw/zh_TW/346|publisher=Ministry of the Interior Population Census|title=Populations by city and country in Taiwan}} |1985 |253573 |1990 |257597 |1995 |261391 |2000 |266183 |2005 |272364 |2010 |272390 |2015 |270366 }} Education
EnergyGreen energyOn 17 December 2015, Chiayi City Government launched a program to set up solar panels at schools and offices in the city to reduce green house gases. The program is expected to produce 3.55 million kWh of electricity annually and to help reducing carbon emission by 1,700 tonnes.[8] Tourist attractions
Chiayi is the city of wind music in Taiwan. The wind music festival started as a local event in 1988, when it was more like a joint performance by local wind music bands. Over the years the festival has become the most anticipated annual event in Chiayi.[10] Notable residents/natives
International relations{{Main|List of twin towns and sister cities in Taiwan}}Twin towns — sister citiesChiayi is twinned with: {{div col|colwidth=22em}}
TransportationRailChiayi City is accessible from Chiayi Station and Jiabei Station of the Taiwan Railways Administration or a slightly further THSR Chiayi Station in Chiayi County. It also houses the first station for the Alishan Forest Railway. BusThe Chiayi Bus Rapid Transit serves Chiayi City with the neighboring Chiayi County, and Chiayi City Bus serves the urban areas of Chiayi City. AirChiayi City is served by Chiayi Airport located in the neighboring Chiayi County. See also
References1. ^{{cite web|script-title=zh:《中華民國統計資訊網》縣市重要統計指標查詢系統網|url=http://statdb.dgbas.gov.tw/pxweb/Dialog/statfile9.asp|accessdate=1 July 2016|language=zh}} 2. ^{{cite web|title=嘉義市105年6月份人口統計資料|url=http://www.chiayi.gov.tw/2015web/02_news/content.aspx?id=48363|website=嘉義市政府|accessdate=1 July 2016|language=zh}} 3. ^{{cite book |last1=Campbell |first1=William |authorlink=William Campbell (missionary) |title=Formosa under the Dutch: described from contemporary records, with explanatory notes and a bibliography of the island |year=1903 |publisher=Kegan Paul |location=London |oclc=644323041 |ref=harv |chapter=Explanatory Notes |chapterurl=https://archive.org/stream/formosaunderdut01campgoog#page/n554/mode/2up |page=549}} 4. ^{{cite book |last1=Takekoshi |first1=Yosaburō |authorlink=Takekoshi Yosaburō |title=Japanese rule in Formosa |date=1907 |publisher = Longmans, Green, and co. |publication-place = London, New York, Bombay and Calcutta |ol=6986981M |oclc=753129 |chapter=Chapter XIII: Population and future development of the island resources |page=200 |ref=harv}} 5. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.chiayi.gov.tw/web/east/english/index-e.asp |title=Archived copy |access-date=2016-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314190434/http://www.chiayi.gov.tw/web/east/english/index-e.asp |archive-date=2017-03-14 |dead-url=yes |df= }} 6. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.cwb.gov.tw/eng/index.htm | title = Statistics > Monthly Mean | publisher = Central Weather Bureau}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://vote2016.cec.gov.tw/en/T1/n714010000000000.html|title=2016 The 14th Presidential and Vice Presidential Election and The 9th Legislator Election|website=vote2016.cec.gov.tw}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://focustaiwan.tw/news/asoc/201512170020.aspx|title=Chiayi City launches solar power system program - Society - FOCUS TAIWAN - CNA ENGLISH NEWS|publisher=}} 9. ^http://travel.chiayi.gov.tw/EN/spotsContent.aspx?id=2&chk=7cb53cb1-2ca0-4bbc-bc8d-dd57671a09d4 10. ^"The sound of wind music: 2008 Chiayi City International Band Festival"by Eva Tang, 17 January 2009, Taiwan Culture Portal. {{cite web |url=http://www.culture.tw/index.php?option%3Dcom_content%26task%3Dview%26id%3D1080%26Itemid%3D157 |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2009-02-06 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090203004146/http://www.culture.tw/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1080&Itemid=157 |archivedate=2009-02-03 |df= }} External links{{Sister project links|Chiayi}}
3 : Chiayi|1982 establishments in Taiwan|Provincial cities of Taiwan |
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