| 词条 | Freesia laxa |
| 释义 |
|name = Freesia laxa |image = Anomatheca laxa01.JPG |regnum = Plantae |unranked_divisio = Angiosperms |unranked_classis = Monocots |ordo = Asparagales |familia = Iridaceae |subfamilia = Ixioideae |genus = Freesia |species = F. laxa |binomial = Freesia laxa |binomial_authority = (Thunb.) Goldblatt & J.C.Manning |synonyms = |Gladiolus laxus|Thunb. |Meristostigma laxum|(Thunb.) A.Dietr. |Lapeirousia laxa|(Thunb.) N.E.Br. |Anomatheca laxa|(Thunb.) Goldblatt |Lapeirousia cruenta|(Lindl.) Baker |Freesia cruenta|(Lindl.) Klatt. |synonyms_ref = [1] }} Freesia laxa, flowering grass,[2] is a small species of cormous flowering plant in the family Iridaceae, from eastern and southern Africa, from Kenya to northeastern South Africa.[1] It is grown in gardens as an ornamental plant. DescriptionFreesia laxa grows from corms, reaching about {{convert|15|-|30|cm|in|abbr=on|0}} tall. The green leaves are arranged in a flat "fan" from which the flower stalk emerges. The flowers are flattened, about {{convert|2|cm|in|abbr=on|1}} across. Their colour varies considerably. The ground colour is red, white or pale blue. The bases of the lowest three tepals usually have a darker marking, which may be red or purple, although it is absent in the pure white form. The seeds are bright red.[1][2]It is native to the eastern side of southern Africa,[1] from Kenya to South Africa,[1] where it grows in somewhat moist conditions. It dies down to a corm in the winter, growing again at the end of spring and flowering in summer.[1] In the wild, in the Southern Hemisphere, it flowers between October and December.[2] SystematicsThis small bulbous species has been known by a variety of names. The name Gladiolus laxus was originally published by Carl Thunberg in 1823. Peter Goldblatt transferred the species to Anomatheca laxa in 1971; Nicholas Brown changed it to Lapeirousia laxa in 1928; Goldblatt with his colleague John Charles Manning settled on Freesia laxa in 1995.[3] Separately, in 1830, John Lindley described Anomatheca cruenta which John Baker transferred to Lapeirousia cruenta in 1892.[4] Lindley's plant is now regarded as part of Freesia laxa.[3] Forms with blue flowers are treated as Freesia laxa subsp. azurea, other forms being placed in Freesia laxa subsp. laxa.[13] CultivationFreesia laxa is sufficiently hardy to be grown outdoors in all but the coldest parts of the British Isles.[1] It requires a light soil and a sunny position. In colder areas, the corms can be lifted and dried off during the winter. It can be propagated by dividing groups of corms or by seed.[1] It can be somewhat invasive through self-sowing when grown in favourable conditions.[5]This plant[6] and the white-flowered cultivar F. laxa var. albax[7] have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[8] {{multiple image|total_width=600|align=center|title=Variation in flower colour |width1=1998|height1=1368|image1=Freesia laxa (white with red mark form).jpg |caption1=This form is sometimes given the cultivar name 'Joan Evans'[5] |width2=2574|height2=1755|image2=Freesia laxa (white form).jpg |caption2=Almost pure white form }} References1. ^1 2 3 4 {{Citation |last=Mathew |first=Brian |year=1987 |title=The Smaller Bulbs |publication-place=London |publisher=B.T. Batsford |isbn=978-0-7134-4922-8 }}, p. 9 2. ^1 {{Citation |last=Innes |first=Clive |year=1985 |title=The World of Iridaceae |publication-place=Ashington, UK |publisher=Holly Gate International |isbn=978-0-948236-01-3 }}, p. 18 3. ^1 2 3 4 {{Citation |contribution=Freesia laxa|title=World Checklist of Selected Plant Families |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |url=http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=328131 |accessdate=2012-08-13}} 4. ^{{Citation |contribution=Anomatheca cruenta|title=World Checklist of Selected Plant Families |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |url=http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=326436 |accessdate=2012-08-13}} 5. ^1 2 {{Citation |title=Freesia |publisher=Pacific Bulb Society |url=http://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/pbswiki/index.php/Freesia |accessdate=2012-08-13 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/69tJsBTqw?url=http://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/pbswiki/index.php/Freesia |archivedate=2012-08-13 |deadurl=yes |df= }} 6. ^1 {{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/167668/i-Freesia-laxa-i/Details| title = RHS Plantfinder - Freesia laxa | accessdate = 27 February 2018}} 7. ^{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector - Freesia laxa var. alba|url=http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=5378|accessdate=17 July 2013}} 8. ^{{cite web | url= https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/pdfs/agm-lists/agm-ornamentals.pdf | title = AGM Plants - Ornamental | date = July 2017 | page = 39 | publisher = Royal Horticultural Society | accessdate = 27 February 2018}}
External links
4 : Iridaceae|Garden plants|Flora of Africa|Plants described in 1823 |
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