| 词条 | Friedrich Wilhelm von Buxhoeveden |
| 释义 |
Friedrich Wilhelm Count von Buxhoevden ({{lang-ru|Фёдор Фёдорович Буксгевден}}, Fyodor Fyodorovich Buksgevden; other spellings: Feodor Buxhoeveden, Buxhœwden, Buxhöwden) (September 14, 1750 Võlla, Governorate of Livonia – August 23, 1811 near Kullamaa) was a Russian infantry general and government official. Buxhoeveden commanded the Russian armies during the Finnish War. FamilyThe Buxhoevedens, a Baltic German family from Estonia, traced their roots to Bexhövede in Lower Saxony. Buxhoevden's wife, countess Natalia Alexeyeva, was the illegitimate daughter of Grigori Orlov (1734–1783) by a lady of the court, but her mother – contrary to some claims – was not the Empress Catherine, but a member of the Apraksin family. Buxhoeveden's granddaughter Varvara Nelidova was a mistress of Nicholas I of Russia (1796-1855) for 17 years (1832-1855). CareerIn 1805 Buxhoevden took part in the Battle of Austerlitz as a commander, contributing to the Third Coalition's failure to defeat Napoleon by being drunk during the battle.[1] In 1808 he served as Commander-in-Chief in the Russian conquest of Finland, and led Russian troops during the initial battles of the Finnish War (1808-1809). EstatesBuxhoevden received the castle and lands of Koluvere in western Estonia after Duchess Augusta of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel had died there in 1788 in suspicious circumstances. He also owned the villa and manor of Ligovo near Saint Petersburg. See also
References1. ^Todd Fisher & Gregory Fremont-Barnes, The Napoleonic Wars: The Rise and Fall of an Empire. p. 52 External links{{commons category|Friedrich Wilhelm von Buxhoevden}}
14 : 1750 births|1811 deaths|People from Muhu Parish|People from the Governorate of Livonia|Baltic-German people|Imperial Russian Army generals|Russian commanders of the Napoleonic Wars|Russian military personnel of the Finnish War|Russian people of the Kościuszko Uprising|18th-century Estonian people|19th-century Estonian people|Recipients of the Order of St. George of the Second Degree|Recipients of the Order of St. George of the Third Degree|Recipients of the Order of St. Andrew |
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