| 词条 | Fritz Klein |
| 释义 |
|name= Fritz Klein |birth_date={{birth date|df=y|1888|11|24}} |death_date={{death date and age|df=y|1945|12|13|1888|11|24}} |birth_place= Feketehalom, Austria-Hungary |death_place= Hamelin, Germany |image = Fritz Klein.jpg{{!}}border |caption = Klein at his trial in 1945 |allegiance={{Flagcountry|Nazi Germany}} |branch={{Flagicon image|Flag Schutzstaffel.svg|size=23px}} Schutzstaffel |laterwork=Hanged for atrocities committed at Bergen-Belsen, Auschwitz and other concentration camps}} Fritz Klein (24 November 1888 – 13 December 1945) was a German Nazi doctor-war criminal, hanged for his role in atrocities at Bergen-Belsen concentration camp during the Holocaust. Early life and educationKlein was born in Feketehalom, Austria-Hungary (now Codlea in central Romania).[1] Klein was considered a Volksdeutscher, or ethnic German. He studied medicine at the University of Budapest and completed his military service in Romania, finishing his studies in Budapest after World War I. He lived and worked as a doctor in Siebenbürgen (Transylvania), Romania.{{cn|date=April 2018}} In 1939, as a Romanian citizen he was drafted into the Romanian army, where after the outbreak of the war with the Soviet Union in 1941 he served as paramedic on the eastern front. In May 1943, Romanian fascist dictator Marshal Antonescu, on a demand from Hitler to release ethnic Germans in the Romanian Army, drafted them into the German army. Hence Klein became a soldier in the Waffen-SS, was listed in the SS-Personalhauptamt, and was posted to Yugoslavia.{{cn|date=April 2018}} CareerOn 15 December 1943, he arrived in Auschwitz concentration camp, where at first he served as a camp doctor in the women’s camp in Birkenau. Subsequently, he worked as a camp doctor in the Gypsy camp. He also participated in numerous selections ("Selektionen") on the ramp. In December 1944 he was transferred to Neuengamme concentration camp, from where he was sent to Bergen-Belsen concentration camp in January 1945. He remained at the camp with commandant Josef Kramer and assisted in handing it over to British troops. Klein was imprisoned and forced to help bury all unburied corpses in mass graves. The British Army Film and Photographic Unit Number 5 photographed Klein standing in a mass grave, in a well-known 1945 photo (seen on the right). When asked how he reconciled his actions with his ethical obligations as a physician, Klein famously stated:
Klein and 44 other camp staff were tried in the Belsen Trial by a British military court at Lüneburg. The trial lasted several weeks, from September to November 1945. During the trial Anita Lasker testified that he took part in selections for the gas chamber.[3] He was sentenced to death and hanged at {{ill|Hamelin prison|de|Gefängnis Hameln}} by Albert Pierrepoint on 13 December 1945.[4][5] References1. ^Onciu, Camelia "Bestia in halat alb", monitorulexpres.ro, 15 April 2008; retrieved 15 October 2010. {{ro icon}} 2. ^Brueggemann, Rudy Mad Science And Criminal Medicine {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060220130400/http://www.rudyfoto.com/hol/nazimedicine.html|date=20 February 2006}} 3. ^{{cite book | publisher=United Nations War Crimes Commission |location=London | title=Law reports of trials of war criminals, selected and prepared by the United Nations War Crimes Commission. – Volume II, The Belsen Trial| year=1947|page=21f|url=https://www.loc.gov/rr/frd/Military_Law/pdf/Law-Reports_Vol-2.pdf}} 4. ^Associated Press (16 November 1945). [https://www.nytimes.com/1945/11/17/archives/30-germans-guilty-of-camp-murders-kramer-irma-grese-and-28-belsen-a.html 30 Germans guilty of camp murders.] New York Times 5. ^Associated Press (14 December 1945). [https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/csmonitor_historic/access/268335862.html?dids=268335862:268335862&FMT=ABS 11 Belsen Gang Leaders Hanged for War Crimes], Christian Science Monitor; accessed 7 April 2018. Further reading
15 : 1945 deaths|1888 births|People from Codlea|People from the Kingdom of Hungary|Auschwitz concentration camp personnel|Nazi physicians|Neuengamme concentration camp personnel|Belsen Trial executions|Executed Austrian people|Austrian people executed abroad|Austro-Hungarian military personnel of World War I|Executed Romanian people|Executed Austrian Nazis|Porajmos perpetrators|Waffen-SS personnel |
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