| 词条 | Gaius Julius Quadratus Bassus |
| 释义 |
| name = Gaius Julius Quadratus Bassus | image = File:SPQR (laurier).svg | caption = | birth_date = 70 | birth_place = | residence = | death_date = 117 | death_place = Dacia | office = Consul of the Roman Republic | term_start = May 105 | term_end = August 105 | alongside = Gnaeus Afranius Dexter Quintus Caelius Honoratus | predecessor = Tiberius Julius Candidus Marius Celsus II and Gaius Antius Aulus Julius Quadratus | successor = Marcus Vitorius Marcellus and Gaius Caecilius Strabo | constituency = | party = | occupation = | spouse = | children = | footnotes = | nickname = | allegiance = Roman Empire | branch = | serviceyears = | rank = | commands = Governor of Judaea Governor of Cappadocia Governor of Galatia Governor of Syria Governor of Dacia | battles =Trajan's Dacian Wars Trajan's Parthian War }}Gaius Julius Quadratus Bassus (70–117), was a Roman senator and general. He rose from provincial aristocratic origins to occupy the highest offices of Rome. He served as a legionary commander and as imperial governor of Judea, Cappadoccia, Galatia, Syria and Dacia. He is known to have been active under Trajan in the Dacian and Parthian Wars. Bassus was suffect consul in the nundinium of May–August 105 with Gnaeus Afranius Dexter as his colleague.[1] FamilyGaius Julius Quadratus Bassus was born in Pergamon to a family related to the Attalid dynasty and the Galatian tetrarchs.[2] His father was Gaius Julius Bassus, who was Proconsul of Bithynia in 100–101.[3] He is known to have had at least one son, Gaius Julius Bassus, who was suffect consul in 139.[4] CareerHis career began as military tribune in Legio XIII Gemina around 87–89. This was followed by membership in the tresviri monetalis, one of the magistracies that comprised the vigintiviri, a preliminary and required first step toward gaining entry to the Roman Senate.[5] This order is unusual: normally membership in the vigintiviri came before serving as military tribune in a legion. Dabrowa notes that this reversed order was not unusual for men who were born to the equestrian order but intended to enter the Senate. However, Bassus was made one of the tresviri monetalis: this magistracy was reserved either for patricians or men favored by the emperor.[6] Dabrowa suggests that Bassus gained entry to this coveted board through the intervention of his relative Gaius Antius Aulus Julius Quadratus, three-time consul and "a man of high political and social standing".[7] After the vigintiviri Bassus was a quaestor, a junior position administering the public treasury, in the province of Crete and Cyrenaica around the year 92. This office gained him formal entry into the senate. He advanced to the traditional Roman magistracy of aedile, then {{circa|98}} won election as a praetor. This last magistracy qualified Bassus to either govern provinces or serve as a legate (commander) of a legion. Bassus sought a military career.[5] First he was legate of Legio XI Claudia from 99 to 101. This was followed by command of a vexillation drawn from several legions{{mdash}}including the IV Scythica and XII Fulminata{{mdash}}in the Dacian War for the years 101 and 102. Then Bassus served as commander of Legio X Fretensis, a posting that was combined with the governorship of Judaea from 102/103 to 104/105. During the summer of 105 he spent 4 months as consul; becoming a consul was considered the highest honour of the Roman state and the Emperor would have chosen candidates to fill it carefully. After his term as consul Bassus was admitted to the College of Pontiffs, the highest-ranking priests of the state religion; a significant social achievement for a man born as an equestrian.[5] This was followed by a posting as governor of Cappadocia and Galatia in 114 to 115, and later Syria.[3] During this time he was made commander of a second vexillation of soldiers drawn from a number of legions{{snd}}including III Gallica and XIII Gemina{{snd}}that fought in the Parthian War.[5] Bassus was serving as legatus Augusti pro praetore, or imperial governor, in the province of Dacia when he died in the Dacian revolt of 117.[8] See also
References1. ^Alison E. Cooley, The Cambridge Manual of Latin Epigraphy (Cambridge: University Press, 2012), p. 467 {{s-start}}{{s-off}}{{s-bef| before=Tiberius Claudius Atticus Herodes}}{{s-ttl|title=Legate of Iudaea |years=102/103–104/105}}{{s-aft|after=Quintus Pompeius Falco}}{{s-bef|before=Tiberius Julius Candidus Marius Celsus II,2. ^Edward Dabrowa, [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=yH4MQy0wrbcC&pg=PA101&dq=Legio+X+Fretensis:+A+Prosopographical+Study+of+its+Officers&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiHi5P3_qXcAhUTW8AKHSZoBtkQ6AEIOjAD#v=onepage&q=Legio%20X%20Fretensis%3A%20A%20Prosopographical%20Study%20of%20its%20Officers&f=false Legio X Fretensis: A Prosopographical Study of its Officers (I-III c. A.D.)] (Stuttgart: Franz Steiner, 1993), p. 34 3. ^1 Werner Eck, [https://www.degruyter.com/view/IBZ/ID54679103?rskey=ld5ZCU&result=5 "Jahres- und Provinzialfasten der senatorischen Statthalter von 69/70 bis 138/139"], Chiron, 12 (1982), pp. 281–362; 13 (1983), pp. 147–237 (German) 4. ^Géza Alföldy, [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=hZNmAAAAMAAJ&q=Konsulat+und+Senatorenstand+unter+der+Antoninen&dq=Konsulat+und+Senatorenstand+unter+der+Antoninen&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjkuZLH_6XcAhUqJcAKHe_MAJwQ6AEIKTAA Konsulat und Senatorenstand unter der Antoninen] (Bonn: Rudolf Habelt Verlag, 1977), p. 323, (German) 5. ^1 2 3 Dabrowa, Legio X Fretensis, p. 35 6. ^Anthony Birley, The Fasti of Roman Britain (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1981), pp. 4f 7. ^Dabrowa, Legio X Fretensis, pp. 47f 8. ^Garzetti, Albino, [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Bk3XAwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=From+Tiberius+to+the+Antonines+(Routledge+Revivals)+A+History+of+the+Roman+Empire+AD+14-192&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi1opWigKbcAhUGM8AKHQV-ABEQ6AEIKzAA#v=onepage&q=From%20Tiberius%20to%20the%20Antonines%20(Routledge%20Revivals)%20A%20History%20of%20the%20Roman%20Empire%20AD%2014-192&f=false From Tiberius to the Antonines (Routledge Revivals): A History of the Roman Empire AD 14-192] (Routledge, 2014), p. 383 and Gaius Antius Aulus Julius Quadratus II|as=Ordinary consuls}}{{s-ttl|title= Suffect consul of the Roman Empire |regent1=Gnaeus Afranius Dexter, followed by Quintus Caelius Honoratus |years=105}}{{s-aft|after=Marcus Vitorius Marcellus, and Gaius Caecilius Strabo|as=Suffect consuls}}{{s-end}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Julius Quadratus Bassus, Gaius}} 12 : Roman legates|Roman governors of Judea|Suffect consuls of Imperial Rome|Roman governors of Cappadocia|Roman governors of Dacia|Roman governors of Galatia|Roman governors of Syria|2nd-century Romans|2nd-century Roman governors of Judea|Year of birth unknown|117 deaths|Julii |
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