- Nomenclature
- Properties
- References
- External links
| name = Gamma Lyrae
}}{{Starbox image
| image =
| caption=Location of γ Lyrae
}}{{Starbox observe
| epoch = J2000
| ra = {{RA|18|58|56.62241}}[1]
| dec = {{DEC|+32|41|22.4003}}[1]
| appmag_v = 3.261[3]
| constell = Lyra
}}{{Starbox character
| class = B9 III[4]
| b-v = –0.047[3]
| u-b = –0.125[3]
| variable =
}}{{Starbox astrometry
| radial_v = –21.1[7]
| prop_mo_ra = –3.09[1]
| prop_mo_dec = +1.11[1]
| parallax = 5.26
| p_error = 0.27
| parallax_footnote = [1]
| absmag_v = −3.14[11]
}}{{Starbox detail
| mass = 5.76
| radius = 15.40
| luminosity = 2,430
| temperature = 10,000
| metal_fe = +0.15
| rotation =
| rotational_velocity = 71–72[17]
| gravity = 4.06
| age =
}}{{Starbox catalog
| names = Sulafat, Gamma Lyrae, γ Lyr, γ Lyrae, BD+32° 3286, 14 Lyr, HD 176437, HIP 93194, HR 7178, SAO 67663, FK5 713.[19]
}}{{Starbox reference|Simbad=gam+Lyr}}{{Starbox end}}Gamma Lyrae (Latinized from γ Lyrae, abbreviated Gamma Lyr, γ Lyr), also named Sulafat,[1] is the second-brightest star in the northern constellation of Lyra. With an apparent visual magnitude of 3.3,[3] it is readily visible to the naked eye. Parallax measurements yield an estimated distance of {{Convert|620|ly|pc|abbr=off|lk=on}} from the Sun. At that distance, the visual magnitude of the star is diminished by an extinction factor of {{Val|0.12|0.03}} due to interstellar dust.
Nomenclature
γ Lyrae (Latinised to Gamma Lyrae) is the star's Bayer designation.
It bore the traditional names Sulafat (Sulaphat), from the Arabic {{Lang|ar|السلحفاة}} al-sulḥafāt "turtle", and Jugum,[23] from the Latin {{Lang|la|iugum}} "yoke". The connection with turtles is that fine harps were traditionally made of tortoiseshell. In 2016, the International Astronomical Union organized a Working Group on Star Names (WGSN)[2] to catalogue and standardize proper names for stars. The WGSN approved the name Sulafat for this star on 21 August 2016 and it is now so entered in the IAU Catalog of Star Names.[1]
In China, {{lang|zh|漸台}} ({{lang|zh-Latn|Jiāntāi}}), meaning Clepsydra Terrace, refers to an asterism consisting of this star, Delta2 Lyrae, Beta Lyrae and Iota Lyrae.[3] Consequently, Gamma Lyrae itself is known as {{lang|zh|漸台三}} ({{lang|zh-Latn|Jiāntāisān}}, {{lang-en|the Third Star of Clepsydra Terrace}}.)
Properties
This is a giant star with a stellar classification of B9 III,[4] indicating it has exhausted the supply of hydrogen at its core and evolved away from the main sequence. The effective temperature of the outer envelope of this star is 10,080 K,[28] giving it the blue-white hue typical of a B-type star.[29] The interferometry-measured angular diameter of this star is {{nowrap|0.74 ± 0.10 mas}},[30] which, at its estimated distance, equates to a physical radius of roughly 15 times the radius of the Sun.[31]
In 1909, Canadian astronomer Samuel A. Mitchell identified this star as a spectroscopic binary, although he was unable to split the absorption lines of the components. He found that a period of 25.6 days matched his measurements.[32] It was reported as a spectroscopic binary as recently as 2001,[33] but is now believed to be a single star[34][35] with a high rate of rotation for stars of this type.[33]
References
1. ^1 {{cite web | url=http://www.pas.rochester.edu/~emamajek/WGSN/IAU-CSN.txt | title=IAU Catalog of Star Names |accessdate=28 July 2016}}
2. ^{{citation | url=https://www.iau.org/science/scientific_bodies/working_groups/280/ | title=IAU Working Group on Star Names (WGSN) | publisher=International Astronomical Union | accessdate=22 May 2016 | postscript=. }}
3. ^{{zh icon}} AEEA (Activities of Exhibition and Education in Astronomy) 天文教育資訊網 2006 年 7 月 3 日
4. ^1 {{citation | title=XHIP: An extended hipparcos compilation | last1=Anderson | first1=E. | last2=Francis | first2=Ch. | journal=Astronomy Letters | volume=38 | issue=5 | pages=331 | year=2012 | bibcode=2012AstL...38..331A | doi=10.1134/S1063773712050015 | arxiv=1108.4971 | postscript=. }}
5. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{citation | first=F. | last=van Leeuwen |date=November 2007 | title=Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=474 | issue=2 | pages=653–664 | bibcode=2007A&A...474..653V | doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20078357 |arxiv = 0708.1752 }}
6. ^1 {{citation | display-authors=1 | last1=Balachandran | first1=S. | last2=Lambert | first2=D. L. | last3=Tomkin | first3=J. | last4=Parthasarathy | first4=M. | title=The chemical composition of algol systems. III - Beta Lyrae-nucleosynthesis revealed | journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society | volume=219 | pages=479–494 |date=April 1986 | bibcode=1986MNRAS.219..479B | doi=10.1093/mnras/219.3.479}}
7. ^1 2 {{citation | display-authors=1 | last1=Cowley | first1=A. | last2=Cowley | first2=C. | last3=Jaschek | first3=M. | last4=Jaschek | first4=C. | title=A study of the bright A stars. I. A catalogue of spectral classifications | journal=Astronomical Journal | volume=74 | pages=375–406 |date=April 1969 | doi=10.1086/110819 | bibcode=1969AJ.....74..375C }}
8. ^1 {{citation | last1=Evans | first1=D. S. | date=June 20–24, 1966 | editor1-last=Batten | editor1-first=Alan Henry | editor2-last=Heard | editor2-first=John Frederick | contribution=The Revision of the General Catalogue of Radial Velocities | title=Determination of Radial Velocities and their Applications, Proceedings from IAU Symposium no. 30 | location=University of Toronto | publisher=International Astronomical Union | bibcode=1967IAUS...30...57E }}
9. ^1 {{citation | display-authors=1 | last1=Royer | first1=F. | last2=Grenier | first2=S. | last3=Baylac | first3=M.-O. | last4=Gómez | first4=A. E. | last5=Zorec | first5=J. | title=Rotational velocities of A-type stars in the northern hemisphere. II. Measurement of v sin i | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=393 | pages=897–911 |date=October 2002 | doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20020943 | bibcode=2002A&A...393..897R |arxiv = astro-ph/0205255 }}
10. ^1 2 3 4 {{citation | last1=Oja | first1=T. | title=UBV photometry of stars whose positions are accurately known. III | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series | volume=65 | issue=2 | pages=405–4 }}
11. ^1 {{citation | title=SULAFAT -- Star in double system | work=SIMBAD | publisher=Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg | url=http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=Gamma+Lyrae | accessdate=2012-01-12 }}
12. ^1 {{citation | last1=Richichi | first1=A. | last2=Percheron | first2=I. | last3=Khristoforova | first3=M. | title=CHARM2: An updated Catalog of High Angular Resolution Measurements | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=431 | pages=773–777 |date=February 2005 | doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20042039 | bibcode=2005A&A...431..773R }}
13. ^1 {{citation | first1=Kenneth R. | last1=Lang | title=Astrophysical formulae | volume=1 | series=Astronomy and astrophysics library | edition=3rd | publisher=Birkhäuser | date=2006 | isbn=3-540-29692-1 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OvTjLcQ4MCQC&pg=PA41 }}. The radius (R*) is given by::
14. ^1 {{citation | last1=Mitchell | first1=S. A. | title=Seven spectroscopic binaries | journal=Astrophysical Journal | volume=30 | pages=239–242 |date=October 1909 | doi=10.1086/141699 | bibcode=1909ApJ....30..239M }}
15. ^1 {{citation | first1=Richard Hinckley | last1=Allen | title=Star-names and their meanings | publisher=G. E. Stechert | date=1899 | page=287 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5xQuAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA287 }}
16. ^1 {{citation | last1=Roberts | first1=Lewis C., Jr. | last2=Turner | first2=Nils H. | last3=ten Brummelaar | first3=Theo A. | title=Adaptive Optics Photometry and Astrometry of Binary Stars. II. A Multiplicity Survey of B Stars | journal=The Astronomical Journal | volume=133 | issue=2 | pages=545–552 |date=February 2007 | doi=10.1086/510335 | bibcode=2007AJ....133..545R | citeseerx=10.1.1.549.4623 }}
17. ^1 {{citation | last1=Eggleton | first1=P. P. | last2=Tokovinin | first2=A. A. | title=A catalogue of multiplicity among bright stellar systems | journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society | volume=389 | issue=2 | pages=869–879 |date=September 2008 | doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13596.x | bibcode=2008MNRAS.389..869E |arxiv = 0806.2878 }}
18. ^1 2 {{citation | display-authors=1 | last1=Adelman | first1=Saul J. | last2=Caliskan | first2=H. | last3=Kocer | first3=D. | last4=Kablan | first4=H. | last5=Yüce | first5=K. | last6=Engin | first6=S. | title=Elemental abundance analyses with DAO spectrograms. XXV. The superficially normal B and A stars alpha Draconis, tau Herculis, gamma Lyrae, and HR 7926 | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=371 | pages=1078–1083 |date=June 2001 | doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20010408 | bibcode=2001A&A...371.1078A }}
19. ^1 {{citation |title=The Colour of Stars |date=December 21, 2004 |work=Australia Telescope, Outreach and Education |publisher=Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation |url=http://outreach.atnf.csiro.au/education/senior/astrophysics/photometry_colour.html |accessdate=2012-01-16 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6630AbtJZ?url=http://outreach.atnf.csiro.au/education/senior/astrophysics/photometry_colour.html |archivedate=2012-03-10 |df= }}
[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]2. ^{{citation | url=https://www.iau.org/science/scientific_bodies/working_groups/280/ | title=IAU Working Group on Star Names (WGSN) | publisher=International Astronomical Union | accessdate=22 May 2016 | postscript=. }}
3. ^{{zh icon}} AEEA (Activities of Exhibition and Education in Astronomy) 天文教育資訊網 2006 年 7 月 3 日
4. ^1 {{citation | title=XHIP: An extended hipparcos compilation | last1=Anderson | first1=E. | last2=Francis | first2=Ch. | journal=Astronomy Letters | volume=38 | issue=5 | pages=331 | year=2012 | bibcode=2012AstL...38..331A | doi=10.1134/S1063773712050015 | arxiv=1108.4971 | postscript=. }}
5. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{citation | first=F. | last=van Leeuwen |date=November 2007 | title=Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=474 | issue=2 | pages=653–664 | bibcode=2007A&A...474..653V | doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20078357 |arxiv = 0708.1752 }}
6. ^1 {{citation | display-authors=1 | last1=Balachandran | first1=S. | last2=Lambert | first2=D. L. | last3=Tomkin | first3=J. | last4=Parthasarathy | first4=M. | title=The chemical composition of algol systems. III - Beta Lyrae-nucleosynthesis revealed | journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society | volume=219 | pages=479–494 |date=April 1986 | bibcode=1986MNRAS.219..479B | doi=10.1093/mnras/219.3.479}}
7. ^1 2 {{citation | display-authors=1 | last1=Cowley | first1=A. | last2=Cowley | first2=C. | last3=Jaschek | first3=M. | last4=Jaschek | first4=C. | title=A study of the bright A stars. I. A catalogue of spectral classifications | journal=Astronomical Journal | volume=74 | pages=375–406 |date=April 1969 | doi=10.1086/110819 | bibcode=1969AJ.....74..375C }}
8. ^1 {{citation | last1=Evans | first1=D. S. | date=June 20–24, 1966 | editor1-last=Batten | editor1-first=Alan Henry | editor2-last=Heard | editor2-first=John Frederick | contribution=The Revision of the General Catalogue of Radial Velocities | title=Determination of Radial Velocities and their Applications, Proceedings from IAU Symposium no. 30 | location=University of Toronto | publisher=International Astronomical Union | bibcode=1967IAUS...30...57E }}
9. ^1 {{citation | display-authors=1 | last1=Royer | first1=F. | last2=Grenier | first2=S. | last3=Baylac | first3=M.-O. | last4=Gómez | first4=A. E. | last5=Zorec | first5=J. | title=Rotational velocities of A-type stars in the northern hemisphere. II. Measurement of v sin i | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=393 | pages=897–911 |date=October 2002 | doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20020943 | bibcode=2002A&A...393..897R |arxiv = astro-ph/0205255 }}
10. ^1 2 3 4 {{citation | last1=Oja | first1=T. | title=UBV photometry of stars whose positions are accurately known. III | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series | volume=65 | issue=2 | pages=405–4 }}
11. ^1 {{citation | title=SULAFAT -- Star in double system | work=SIMBAD | publisher=Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg | url=http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=Gamma+Lyrae | accessdate=2012-01-12 }}
12. ^1 {{citation | last1=Richichi | first1=A. | last2=Percheron | first2=I. | last3=Khristoforova | first3=M. | title=CHARM2: An updated Catalog of High Angular Resolution Measurements | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=431 | pages=773–777 |date=February 2005 | doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20042039 | bibcode=2005A&A...431..773R }}
13. ^1 {{citation | first1=Kenneth R. | last1=Lang | title=Astrophysical formulae | volume=1 | series=Astronomy and astrophysics library | edition=3rd | publisher=Birkhäuser | date=2006 | isbn=3-540-29692-1 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OvTjLcQ4MCQC&pg=PA41 }}. The radius (R*) is given by::
14. ^1 {{citation | last1=Mitchell | first1=S. A. | title=Seven spectroscopic binaries | journal=Astrophysical Journal | volume=30 | pages=239–242 |date=October 1909 | doi=10.1086/141699 | bibcode=1909ApJ....30..239M }}
15. ^1 {{citation | first1=Richard Hinckley | last1=Allen | title=Star-names and their meanings | publisher=G. E. Stechert | date=1899 | page=287 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5xQuAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA287 }}
16. ^1 {{citation | last1=Roberts | first1=Lewis C., Jr. | last2=Turner | first2=Nils H. | last3=ten Brummelaar | first3=Theo A. | title=Adaptive Optics Photometry and Astrometry of Binary Stars. II. A Multiplicity Survey of B Stars | journal=The Astronomical Journal | volume=133 | issue=2 | pages=545–552 |date=February 2007 | doi=10.1086/510335 | bibcode=2007AJ....133..545R | citeseerx=10.1.1.549.4623 }}
17. ^1 {{citation | last1=Eggleton | first1=P. P. | last2=Tokovinin | first2=A. A. | title=A catalogue of multiplicity among bright stellar systems | journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society | volume=389 | issue=2 | pages=869–879 |date=September 2008 | doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13596.x | bibcode=2008MNRAS.389..869E |arxiv = 0806.2878 }}
18. ^1 2 {{citation | display-authors=1 | last1=Adelman | first1=Saul J. | last2=Caliskan | first2=H. | last3=Kocer | first3=D. | last4=Kablan | first4=H. | last5=Yüce | first5=K. | last6=Engin | first6=S. | title=Elemental abundance analyses with DAO spectrograms. XXV. The superficially normal B and A stars alpha Draconis, tau Herculis, gamma Lyrae, and HR 7926 | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=371 | pages=1078–1083 |date=June 2001 | doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20010408 | bibcode=2001A&A...371.1078A }}
19. ^1 {{citation |title=The Colour of Stars |date=December 21, 2004 |work=Australia Telescope, Outreach and Education |publisher=Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation |url=http://outreach.atnf.csiro.au/education/senior/astrophysics/photometry_colour.html |accessdate=2012-01-16 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6630AbtJZ?url=http://outreach.atnf.csiro.au/education/senior/astrophysics/photometry_colour.html |archivedate=2012-03-10 |df= }}
}}
External links
- {{citation | first1=James B. | last=Kaler | title=SULAFAT (Gamma Lyrae) | work=Stars | publisher=University of Illinois | url=http://stars.astro.illinois.edu/sow/sulafat.html | accessdate=2012-01-12 }}
9 : Lyra (constellation)|Bayer objects|Stars with proper names|Flamsteed objects|B-type giants|Hipparcos objects|HR objects|Henry Draper Catalogue objects|Durchmusterung objects
- Taking The Stage (season 1)
- Taking The Stage (season 2)
- Taking the Veil
- Taking the vowels out of words
- Taking the waters
- Taking Time Checks
- Taking Wing
- Taking You off Here
- Takin' it All Off
- Takin' It Easy (song)
- Takin' It to the Streets (song)
- Takinojo
- Taki-no-jo Castle
- Taki-no-jō Castle
- Taki-no-jō Castle Site Park
- Takinoue, Hokkaidō
- Takio
- Takio Station
- Takip
- Taki Renzan Prefectural Natural Park
- Takisawa Bakin
- Takis Diamantopoulos
- Takis Dimopoulos
- Takis Evdokas
- Takis Evdokia