| 词条 | Chinese folk art | |||||||
| 释义 |
Chinese folk art are artistic forms inherited from a regional or ethnic scene in China. Usually there are some variation between provinces. Individual folk arts have a long history, and many traditions are still practiced today. The general definition of folk art incorporates Chinese art forms that are not classified as Chinese fine art. Jade CarvingCarvings using jade was a common folk art in China. From objects such as masks to animals, jade - along with bamboo and wood - was used to craft many works of art. Basket weavingBaskets are mainly woven with bamboo or plant stems. Chinese kitesChina is the birthplace of the kite and Weifang is one of the chief places where Chinese kites originated. Kite-flying became prevalent in Weifang in the Song dynasty (960–1279). By the Ming dynasty (1368–1644) kite-flying had become even more popular, and kite fairs on a rather large scale had appeared. Kites were sold not only across Shandong, but also to Jiangsu, Fujian, Anhui and other places. The noted English scholar Joseph Needham listed kites in his book History of Science and Technology in China as one of the important contributions in science and technology that the Chinese introduced to Europe.{{Citation needed|date=May 2010}} Food artSugar peopleSugar people (糖人) is a traditional Chinese form of folk art using hot, liquid sugar to create three-dimensional figures. Flour figuresMian Ren (Flour Figure) are made of coloured flours. Craftsmen used to travel with their tools to villages and towns to make and sell flour figures for a very basic income. Sometimes flour figures are used in dishes together with vegetable carvings. PaintingsFolk art paintings Paper artThe first two forms of paper art began in the Han dynasty with chinese paper cutting and chinese paper folding, including the hand fan and pinwheel (toy). These arts have expanded globally. PerformancesPuppetryOne of the oldest forms of folk art is puppetry. Puppeteers use various kinds of puppets, including marionettes, glove puppets, rod puppets, cloth puppets and wire puppets in performances incorporating folk songs and dances over some dialogues. The subject matter is derived mainly from children's stories and fables. Shadow playChinese Shadow theatre is a form of puppetry that is performed by moving figures made of animal skins or cardboard held behind a screen lit by lamplight. The subject matter and singing style in shadow plays are closely related to Chinese opera, except without using live actors or actresses. Textile arts{{see also|Chinese patchwork}}Chinese knotChinese knotting (中國結) is a decorative handicraft art that began as a form of Chinese folk art in the Tang and Song dynasty (960–1279 AD) in China. It was later popularized in the Ming. The art is also referred to as Chinese traditional decorative knots.[1] One of the more traditional art forms, it creates decorative knot patterns. During the Culture revolution it was not practiced, but nowadays it is very popular again. In other cultures, it is known simply as "decorative knot". Tiger-head shoesTiger-head shoes (虎头鞋) are an example of traditional Chinese folk handicraft used as footwear for children. Their name comes from the toe cap, which looks like the head of a tiger. Musical instrumentsBolang gu, a traditional Chinese pellet drum and toy. Muyu, a rounded woodblock carved in the shape of a fish, it is played by striking the top with a wooden stick; often used in Buddhist chanting. See also
References1. ^Chang, 2006). Bibliography
2 : Chinese folk art|Arts in China |
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