| 词条 | Garissa |
| 释义 |
|official_name =Garissa |other_name = |native_name =Gaarisa |nickname = |settlement_type =Town |motto = |image_skyline =Almond_Resort,_Garissa.jpg |imagesize = |image_caption =The Almond Resort in Garissa. |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_map = |mapsize = |map_caption = |pushpin_map =Kenya |pushpin_label_position =bottom |pushpin_mapsize = |pushpin_map_caption =Location in Kenya. |subdivision_type =Country |subdivision_name ={{flag|Kenya}} |subdivision_type1 =County |subdivision_name1 =Garissa County |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |established_title = |established_date = |area_magnitude = |unit_pref =Metric |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = |area_land_km2 = |population_as_of =2009 |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_total =119696[1] |population_density_km2 = |timezone =EAT |utc_offset =+3 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |coordinates = {{coord|0|27|25|S|39|39|30|E|region:KE|display=inline,title}} |elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m = |postal_code_type = |postal_code = |area_code = |blank_name = |blank_info = |website = }} Garissa ({{lang-so|Gaarisa}}) is the capital of Garissa County, Kenya. It is situated in the former North Eastern Province. GeographyGarissa is located at {{Coord|0|27|25|S|39|39|30|E}}. The Tana River, which rises in Mount Kenya East of Nyeri, flows through the Garissa. The Bour-Algi Giraffe Sanctuary, situated 5 km south of Garissa, is home to endangered wildlife including the Rothschild giraffe, gerenuk and other herbivores including Kirk's dik-dik, lesser kudu, warthog and waterbuck. DemographicsAccording to the 2009 census, the town has a total population of 119,696.[1] Most of Garissa's inhabitants are ethnic Somali.[2] These are further sub-divided into clans, with the Ogaden sub-clan of the Somali Darod especially well represented. There are also a small number of other minority ethnic groups, commonly referred to as corner tribes. EconomyGarissa is a market center and the commercial hub of the Garissa County.[3] The town has a university, Garissa University College and a number of colleges including Medical College. Banks with a presence in Garissa include the Gulf African Bank situated in the Al-Wayf Quran House, the Postbank in the Garissa Shopping Centre, and the First Community Bank (FCB) in the Bajwed Building.[4] Other banks with branches in the city include Barclays Bank, Equity Bank,[5] Kenya Commercial Bank,[6] National Bank of Kenya,[7] Chase Bank and Cooperative Bank of Kenya.[8] Livestock production is a significant part of the town's economy. Between 2005 and 2007, Garissa cattle producers earned over 1.8 billion shillings in sales in domestic and overseas markets. Construction on a new abattoir also began in October 2007.[9] In terms of livestock imports, most of Garissa's cattle comes from cross-border trade between Somali livestock merchants.[10] Terrorist Attack 2015{{Main|Garissa University College attack}}On 2 April 2015, gunmen stormed the Garissa University College killing 147 people, and injuring 79 or more. The militant group and Al-Qaeda offshoot, Al-Shabaab, which the gunmen claimed to be from, took responsibility for the attack. The gunmen took over 700 students hostage, freeing Muslims and killing those who identified as Christians. The siege ended the same day, when all four of the attackers were killed. Five men were later arrested in connection with the attack, and a bounty was placed for the arrest of a suspected organizer, Mohamed Mahmoud, also known as Dulyadeyn. Dulyadeyn was later killed by U.S. - trained Somali commandos from the Somali National Army on the night of May 31, 2016 in Bulo Gadud, a town loyal to Al-Shabaab, about 30 kilometers north of the port of Kismayo in Somalia. The Garissa University attack was the second deadliest terrorist attack in Kenyan history since independence (after the 1998 United States embassy bombing in Nairobi, in which 213 people were killed). GovernanceAs the capital of Garissa County, Garissa is the seat of the County Government of Garissa as well as the County Assembly. The Governor of the county is Ali Bunow Korane. The city is represented by Aden Bare Duale, a Somali Member of Parliament for the Garissa Township Constituency in the National Assembly of Kenya. He was elected to the position in the Kenya National Assembly through the United Republican Party, an affiliate party of the Jubilee Alliance. He currently serves as the Majority Leader in the Parliament. AccommodationSeveral establishments in the city offer accommodation. Among these hotels and guest houses are the Almond Hotel, Xiddig Hotel and Nomad Palace Hotel.[11] ClimateGarissa has a hot semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification BSh). Garissa's landscape is mostly arid, desert terrain. The city lies along the Tana River, and has a very warm/hot climate due to the low elevation and distance from cooler coastal areas. The daytime temperature typically rises above {{convert|33|C}} every day, but cools down every night (see chart below). {{Weather box|location = Garissa (1961–1990, extremes 1931–present) |single line = yes |metric first = yes |Jan record high C = 43.2 |Feb record high C = 41.0 |Mar record high C = 40.0 |Apr record high C = 40.0 |May record high C = 38.2 |Jun record high C = 36.5 |Jul record high C = 37.5 |Aug record high C = 37.7 |Sep record high C = 39.0 |Oct record high C = 39.0 |Nov record high C = 38.4 |Dec record high C = 38.0 |year record high C = 43.2 |Jan high C = 36.7 |Feb high C = 37.8 |Mar high C = 38.3 |Apr high C = 37.0 |May high C = 35.8 |Jun high C = 34.1 |Jul high C = 33.6 |Aug high C = 33.8 |Sep high C = 35.1 |Oct high C = 36.3 |Nov high C = 36.2 |Dec high C = 35.4 |year high C = 35.8 |Jan mean C = 29.7 |Feb mean C = 30.6 |Mar mean C = 31.4 |Apr mean C = 30.7 |May mean C = 29.6 |Jun mean C = 27.9 |Jul mean C = 27.4 |Aug mean C = 27.6 |Sep mean C = 28.4 |Oct mean C = 29.7 |Nov mean C = 29.9 |Dec mean C = 29.2 |year mean C = 29.3 |Jan low C = 22.6 |Feb low C = 23.3 |Mar low C = 24.4 |Apr low C = 24.5 |May low C = 23.3 |Jun low C = 21.8 |Jul low C = 21.2 |Aug low C = 21.3 |Sep low C = 21.7 |Oct low C = 23.1 |Nov low C = 23.6 |Dec low C = 23.0 |year low C = 22.8 |Jan record low C = 18.6 |Feb record low C = 17.2 |Mar record low C = 17.5 |Apr record low C = 18.7 |May record low C = 16.6 |Jun record low C = 17.5 |Jul record low C = 15.0 |Aug record low C = 15.0 |Sep record low C = 16.4 |Oct record low C = 17.2 |Nov record low C = 18.6 |Dec record low C = 17.5 |year record low C = 15.0 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 11.9 |Feb precipitation mm = 5.5 |Mar precipitation mm = 48.6 |Apr precipitation mm = 89.7 |May precipitation mm = 15.5 |Jun precipitation mm = 5.2 |Jul precipitation mm = 3.4 |Aug precipitation mm = 6.6 |Sep precipitation mm = 8.4 |Oct precipitation mm = 30.0 |Nov precipitation mm = 96.9 |Dec precipitation mm = 51.9 |year precipitation mm = 373.6 |unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm |Jan precipitation days = 2 |Feb precipitation days = 3 |Mar precipitation days = 4 |Apr precipitation days = 5 |May precipitation days = 2 |Jun precipitation days = 0 |Jul precipitation days = 0 |Aug precipitation days = 2 |Sep precipitation days = 2 |Oct precipitation days = 3 |Nov precipitation days = 4 |Dec precipitation days = 2 |year precipitation days = 29 |Jan humidity = 56 |Feb humidity = 54 |Mar humidity = 56 |Apr humidity = 59 |May humidity = 56 |Jun humidity = 54 |Jul humidity = 55 |Aug humidity = 55 |Sep humidity = 53 |Oct humidity = 54 |Nov humidity = 59 |Dec humidity = 62 |year humidity = 56 |Jan sun = 251.1 |Feb sun = 235.2 |Mar sun = 263.5 |Apr sun = 273.0 |May sun = 282.1 |Jun sun = 255.0 |Jul sun = 254.2 |Aug sun = 257.3 |Sep sun = 270.0 |Oct sun = 279.0 |Nov sun = 252.0 |Dec sun = 241.8 |year sun = 3114.2 |Jand sun = 8.1 |Febd sun = 8.4 |Mard sun = 8.5 |Aprd sun = 9.1 |Mayd sun = 9.1 |Jund sun = 8.5 |Juld sun = 8.2 |Augd sun = 8.3 |Sepd sun = 9.0 |Octd sun = 9.0 |Novd sun = 8.4 |Decd sun = 7.8 |yeard sun = |source 1 = NOAA[12][13] |source 2 = Deutscher Wetterdienst (humidity, 1961–1990),[14] Meteo Climat (record highs and lows)[15] |date=July 2015 }} See also
Notes1. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.opendata.go.ke/Population/2009-Census-Vol-1-Table-3-Rural-and-Urban-Populati/e7c7-w67t/1 |title=2009 Census Vol 1 Table 3 Rural and Urban Population - Open Kenya - Transparent Africa |work=Open Kenya |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160729203228/https://www.opendata.go.ke/Population/2009-Census-Vol-1-Table-3-Rural-and-Urban-Populati/e7c7-w67t/1 |archivedate=2016-07-29 |df= }} {{First and second-level administrative divisions of Kenya}}2. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.kenyapolice.go.ke/nep.asp|title=Kenya Police Service|last=User|first=Super|website=www.kenyapolice.go.ke|language=en-GB|access-date=2017-07-06}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/226009/Garissa|title=Garissa|work=Encyclopædia Britannica}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://garissacity.com/mps/|title=garissacity.com|work=garissacity.com}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.equitybank.co.ke/index.php/branches/view/garissa |title=Equity Bank Kenya • GARISSA - Branches |work=equitybank.co.ke |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130522172545/http://www.equitybank.co.ke/index.php/branches/view/garissa |archivedate=2013-05-22 |df= }} 6. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.kcbbankgroup.com/ke/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73&Itemid=78|title=Personal|website=www.kcbbankgroup.com|language=en-gb|access-date=2017-07-06}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalbank.co.ke/index.php?page=branch-networks-contacts|title=National Bank of Kenya|work=nationalbank.co.ke}} 8. ^Cooperative Bank of Kenya {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130509040123/http://co-opbank.co.ke/index.php/branches-a-atms/2012-04-30-07-55-32/upcountry-branches |date=2013-05-09 }} 9. ^Government targets Kshs 12 b for development in N. Eastern {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928001540/http://statehousekenya.go.ke/news/sept07/2007060902.htm |date=2013-09-28 }} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://softkenya.com/farming/livestock-supply-in-kenya/|title=Livestock Farming in Kenya|work=Farming in Kenya}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://garissacity.com/hotels/|title=garissacity.com|work=garissacity.com}} 12. ^{{cite web| url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG__I/KN/63723.TXT| title = Garissa Climate Normals 1961–1990| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration| accessdate = July 6, 2015}} 13. ^{{cite web| url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG__I/KN/63671.TXT| title = Garissa (precipitation data) Climate Normals 1961–1990| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration| accessdate = July 6, 2015}} 14. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_637230_kt.pdf| title = Klimatafel von Garissa / Kenia| work = Baseline climate means (1961-1990) from stations all over the world| publisher = Deutscher Wetterdienst| language = German| accessdate = August 31, 2016}} 15. ^{{cite web | url = http://meteo-climat-bzh.dyndns.org/index.php?page=stati&id=1762| title = Station Garissa | publisher = Meteo Climat |language = French | accessdate = August 31, 2016}} 4 : Garissa|Populated places in Garissa County|County capitals in Kenya|Tana River (Kenya) |
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