词条 | Geisenheim | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
释义 |
|type = Stadt |name = Geisenheim |image_coa = Wappen-Geisenheim.png |image_photo = Johannisberg Kloster.jpg |image_caption = Schloss Johannisberg Basilica |coordinates = {{coord|49|59|4|N|7|58|2|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |image_plan = Geisenheim in RÜD.svg |state = Hessen |region = Darmstadt |district = Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis |elevation = 95 |area = 40.34 |postal_code = 65366 |area_code = 06722 |licence = RÜD, SWA |Gemeindeschlüssel = 06 4 39 004 |divisions = 4 districts |Straße = Rüdesheimer Str. 48 |website = [https://www.geisenheim.de/ www.geisenheim.de] |mayor = Frank Kilian }} Geisenheim is a town in the Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis in the Regierungsbezirk of Darmstadt in Hessen, Germany, and is known as Weinstadt (“Wine Town”), Schulstadt (“School Town”), Domstadt (“Cathedral Town”) and Lindenstadt (“Linden Tree Town”). GeographyLocationGeisenheim lies on the Rhine’s right bank between Wiesbaden and Rüdesheim, 3 km away to the west. Mainz lies 21 km away to the east. Neighbouring communitiesGeisenheim borders in the north on the town of Lorch, in the east on the town of Oestrich-Winkel, in the south on the towns of Ingelheim and Bingen (both in Mainz-Bingen in Rhineland-Palatinate) and in the west on the town of Rüdesheim. Constituent communitiesThe town of Geisenheim is divided into four Stadtteile: the main town (also called Geisenheim), Johannisberg (Grund, Berg, Schloßheide), Marienthal and Stephanshausen. Johannisberg might well be the best known of Geisenheim’s constituent communities, being the birthplace of Spätlese (more precisely, the systematic production of Auslesen), and being known worldwide for its appellation. At Schloss Johannisberg, a statue today still recalls the unknown Spätlesereiter (“Late Harvest Rider”). Through the vineyards here, below the Schloss runs the 50th parallel of north latitude. Prince Klemens Wenzel von Metternich acquired the Schloss domain in 1816 after the Congress of Vienna from its former holder, Emperor Franz I as a gift. Marienthal gets its name from the nearby Marienthal Monastery. The monastery is well known for its Marienwallfahrt (pilgrimage), and here was also the world’s first monastery printing shop. ClimateGeisenheim has an oceanic climate (Köppen: Cfb), although slightly more extreme than coastal cities, the city is still strongly influenced by the west winds due to flat relief and the presence of inland seas.[1][2] The relatively mild climate makes the cidae one of the leading regions of quality wines, as well as elsewhere in Rheingau (covered with hills that protect from the cold in the Rhine valley).[3][4] The weather station has been operating since 1884 and is maintained by the DWD's Department of Agricultural Meteorology, near the local state university.[5] The annual precipitation of precipitation is higher than 50 mm between May and September being the most humid, and between January and April the precipitation is less than 40 mm, being the driest. Being close to or equal to 50 °N the duration of sunshine varies greatly between winter and summer ranging from 1.2 hours to 7.2 hours, from December to July. July is the warmest with 23.9 °C high average, going from fresh to hot. The average low in the winter is -1.2 °C, although they are above average during the afternoon.[2] {{Weather box|location = Geisenheim (near of the Hochschule Geisenheim), elevation: 120 m, 1961-1990 normals |metric first = yes |single line = yes |Jan record high C = 14.2 |Feb record high C = 18.2 |Mar record high C = 25.1 |Apr record high C = 29.5 |May record high C = 31.0 |Jun record high C = 33.8 |Jul record high C = 35.2 |Aug record high C = 35.2 |Sep record high C = 32.1 |Oct record high C = 27.3 |Nov record high C = 18.4 |Dec record high C = 15.5 |year record high C = 35.2 |Jan high C = 3.4 |Feb high C = 5.3 |Mar high C = 9.7 |Apr high C = 14.2 |May high C = 18.9 |Jun high C = 22.0 |Jul high C = 23.9 |Aug high C = 23.6 |Sep high C = 20.1 |Oct high C = 14.3 |Nov high C = 7.8 |Dec high C = 4.5 |year high C = 14.0 |Jan mean C = 1.2 |Feb mean C = 2.3 |Mar mean C = 5.6 |Apr mean C = 9.4 |May mean C = 13.9 |Jun mean C = 17.0 |Jul mean C = 18.6 |Aug mean C = 18.1 |Sep mean C = 14.7 |Oct mean C = 10.0 |Nov mean C = 5.1 |Dec mean C = 2.3 |year mean C = 9.8 |Jan low C = -1.2 |Feb low C = -0.6 |Mar low C = 1.9 |Apr low C = 4.8 |May low C = 8.7 |Jun low C = 11.9 |Jul low C = 13.4 |Aug low C = 13.2 |Sep low C = 10.3 |Oct low C = 6.6 |Nov low C = 2.5 |Dec low C = -0.1 |year low C = 6.0 |Jan record low C = -18.5 |Feb record low C = -16.6 |Mar record low C = -12.0 |Apr record low C = -5.2 |May record low C = -0.2 |Jun record low C = 3.4 |Jul record low C = 5.4 |Aug record low C = 5.8 |Sep record low C = 2.7 |Oct record low C = -2.5 |Nov record low C = -8.5 |Dec record low C = -14.4 |year record low C = -18.5 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 39 |Feb precipitation mm = 35 |Mar precipitation mm = 38 |Apr precipitation mm = 39 |May precipitation mm = 51 |Jun precipitation mm = 59 |Jul precipitation mm = 57 |Aug precipitation mm = 53 |Sep precipitation mm = 41 |Oct precipitation mm = 42 |Nov precipitation mm = 49 |Dec precipitation mm = 46 |year precipitation mm = 549 |unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm |Jan precipitation days = 10 |Feb precipitation days = 8 |Mar precipitation days = 9 |Apr precipitation days = 9 |May precipitation days = 10 |Jun precipitation days = 10 |Jul precipitation days = 9 |Aug precipitation days = 8 |Sep precipitation days = 7 |Oct precipitation days = 8 |Nov precipitation days = 9 |Dec precipitation days = 10 |year precipitation days = 107 |Jan sun = 38.8 |Feb sun = 75.7 |Mar sun = 120.1 |Apr sun = 166.0 |May sun = 205.9 |Jun sun = 205.5 |Jul sun = 224.3 |Aug sun = 207.1 |Sep sun = 157.2 |Oct sun = 97.8 |Nov sun = 50.1 |Dec sun = 38.6 |year sun = 1587.1 |source 1 = NOAA[6]View climate chart for this city. }} HistoryGeisenheim had its first documentary mention in 772 and has belonged since the Middle Ages to the Archbishopric of Mainz and later to the Duchy of Nassau, the Kingdom of Prussia and the state of Hesse. Since 1864, Geisenheim has held town rights. PoliticsTown councilThe municipal election held on 26 March 2006 yielded the following results:
Coat of armsThe town’s arms might be described thus: Argent two towers with peaked roofs, between them a covered passage at the second floor, in the chief a wheel spoked of six, in the base a two-legged, winged, fire-breathing dragon sinister reguardant, a lance thrust through its mouth, the point protruding from the neck, the whole gules. After municipal reform in 1972, the town’s arms were also adjusted insofar as the charges were altered to reflect the town’s absorption of several nearby villages, at least two of which had borne arms. The two former wheel charges – the “Wheels of Mainz” – were replaced with charges from the arms formerly borne by these outlying centres, above with a rather similar-looking wheel, but with six spokes instead of eight (from Johannisberg’s arms), and below with a dragon pierced through the mouth and neck with a lance (from Stephanshausen’s arms). Town partnershipsThe town of Geisenheim maintains partnerships with the following places:
Culture and sightseeingRight before the town hall is found the great Linden tree, which stands as a symbol of the town. This tree is believed to be 700 years old. In the 1970s the tree lost its top to disease. Each year in the second week of July, the Lindenfest is held with the Stunde der Heimat (the “Homeland’s Hour”, during which citizens who have distinguished themselves are honoured) in the streets between the cathedral and the town hall. BuildingsResembling a cathedral, the gothic church Heilig Kreuz (Holy Cross) was finished by twin-towers only in the 19th century, similar to the cathedral in Cologne, and is therefore also called Rheingauer Dom. The architect of the neo-gothic facade and the towers was Philipp Hoffmann who also built landmarks in Wiesbaden. Nave and quire from the early 16th century, important tombs and rich interior décor and the rare Stumm organ from the romantic period make it worth seeing. At the Pfefferzoll (“Pepper Toll”), ships sailing by town were once charged a toll in what was then a valuable spice. The little house with the lovely oriel window today stands more than 200 m from the Rhine in the southeast Old Town. Furthermore, there is the Evangelical church, built in the Romanesque Revival style about 1897. PalacesIn the town’s east and west stand old palaces. Schloss Schönborn from 1550 stands at the railway station in the middle of an enclosed vineyard and is a popular spot for photographers. This palace today still belongs to the Counts of Schönborn-Wiesenheidt. Great parts of the palace complex, however, are in a bad state. Other palaces:
Sport
Regular events
Economy and infrastructureTransportRunning by Geisenheim is Bundesstraße 42 linking Wiesbaden with Koblenz. On the Right Rhine railway, Wiesbaden can be reached within 30 minutes, or in about an hour on the regional bus. Since 2007, the Köln-Düsseldorfer Rheinschiffahrt, a well known Rhine passenger ship concern, has linked the centres of Marienthal, Johannisberg and Stephanshausen with Geisenheim. There is even a landing stage for small, private boats without a set route plan. EducationGeisenheim has its cluster of schools to thank for its reputation as a school town:
Since 1872, Geisenheim has been home to the Geisenheim Grape Breeding Institute for winegrowing and horticulture. The Institute cooperates in the field of education with the Fachhochschule Wiesbaden. In Johannisberg is found Schloss Hansenberg. Since 2003 it has been an Oberstufengymnasium for especially well performing students. Famous peopleSons and daughters of the town
People associated with the town
References1. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=106280&cityname=Geisenheim,+Hesse,+Germany&units=|title=Geisenheim, Germany Köppen Climate Classification (Weatherbase)|website=Weatherbase|access-date=2019-02-03}} 2. ^1 {{Cite web|url=https://www.weather-atlas.com/en/germany/geisenheim-climate|title=Geisenheim, Germany - Detailed climate information and monthly weather forecast|last=d.o.o|first=Yu Media Group|website=Weather Atlas|language=en|access-date=2019-02-03}} 3. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.germanwines.de/tourism/wine-growing-regions/rheingau/|title=Rheingau|last=GmbH|first=Deutsches Weininstitut|date=2019-01-21|website=www.germanwines.de|language=en|access-date=2019-02-03}} 4. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.wine-searcher.com/regions-geisenheim|title=Geisenheim Wine Region|website=Wine-Searcher|language=en-US|access-date=2019-02-03}} 5. ^{{Cite web|url=http://archive.is/qvUG|title=Weather and Climate - Deutscher Wetterdienst -- Suchergebnis|date=2012-08-04|website=archive.is|access-date=2019-02-03}} 6. ^{{cite web| url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG_VI/DL/10628.TXT| title = Geisenheim Climate Normals 1961–1990| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration| accessdate = March 21, 2015}} 7. ^Rheingauer Dom on the Rheingau Musik Festival website (German/English) Further reading
External links{{commons category|Geisenheim}}{{Wikivoyage}}
Documents
1 : Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis |
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