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词条 General Aircraft Monospar ST-25
释义

  1. Design and development

  2. Operational history

  3. Variants

  4. Operators

  5. Specifications (Monospar ST-25 Jubilee)

  6. See also

  7. References

     Citations  Bibliography 
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2017}}{{Use British English|date=March 2017}}
name = Monospar ST-25image = Monospar.jpgcaption = Monospar ST-25 Jubilee of Eloy Fernández Navamuel during the Spanish Civil War[1]
}}{{Infobox Aircraft Type		type =national origin = United Kingdommanufacturer = General Aircraft Ltd, Hanworthdesigner = first flight = 19 June 1935introduced = retired = status = primary user =more users =produced = 1935–1939number built = 60unit cost =developed from = General Aircraft Monospar ST-10variants with their own articles =
}}

The General Aircraft Monospar ST-25 was a British 1930s light twin-engined utility aircraft.

Design and development

The Monospar ST-25 was a low-wing cantilever monoplane with a fabric-covered metal structure. The monospar name came from the use of a single spar in the wing structure, that had been developed by H J Stieger. The cabin was enclosed with five seats. It was based on the GAL Monospar ST-10, with the addition of a folding seat for a fifth passenger, extra side windows, and the addition of a radio receiver. On 19 June 1935, the prototype (G-ADIV) made its first flight at Hanworth Air Park. It was designated Monospar ST-25 Jubilee, to honour the 25th anniversary of the reign of King George V.[2]

Operational history

  • The last flying Monospar ST-25 (ZK-AFF), of Piet Van Asch, the owner of New Zealand Aerial Mapping Ltd, was lost in 1986 in a hangar fire.[3]
  • The last surviving Monospar ST-25 (OY-DAZ), an ST-25 Ambulance, was fully restored during 1989–1999, and is now displayed in Egeskov Veteranmuseum at Egeskov Castle, Denmark.[4]

Variants

Monospar ST-25 Jubilee

(1935-1936) Single fin and rudder. 30 built.[2]

Monospar ST-25 De Luxe

One Monospar ST-25 Jubilee with a large single fin and two Niagara II engines, later converted to the prototype Monospar ST-25 Universal, with twin fins.[2]

Monospar ST-25 Ambulance

Variants of both Monospar ST-25 Jubilee and ST-25 Universal, with a large door on the starboard side to allow a stretcher to be loaded.[2]

Monospar ST-25 Universal

(1936-1939) Twin fin and twin rudder. 29 built, including the conversion of the De Luxe.[2]

Monospar ST-25 Freighter

A variant of the Monospar ST-25 Universal, with a large freight door but without the passenger seating.[2]

GAL.26

One modified Monospar ST-25 Jubilee, fitted with two Cirrus Minor I engines in 1936.[2]

GAL.41

One experimental aircraft based on the Monospar ST-25 Universal. A new fuselage was built containing a pressurized section with two seats. Its purpose was to test possible pressurization systems for a proposed airliner, the GAL.40. The GAL.41 flew for the first time 11 May 1939, and was grounded in 1941.[5]

Operators

{{AUS}}
  • Adelaide Airways
{{CAN}}
  • Eastern Canada Air Lines (five ST-25 Freighters, delivered in 1936)
{{DEN}}
{{FRA}}
  • Armée de l'Air (2 ST-25 in Indochine (Vietnam) in November 1945)[6]
{{NED}}
  • Van Melle's Confectionery Works, Breskens (one Jubilee, PH-IPM "Dubbele Arend", delivered in 1935)[7]
{{NZL}}
  • New Zealand Aerial Mapping
  • Royal New Zealand Air Force
{{ROM}}
  • Royal Romanian Air Force
{{flag|Spain|1931}}
  • Spanish Republican Air Force
{{ESP}}
  • Spanish Air Force
{{TUR}}
  • General Command of Mapping (Turkey)
  • Turkish Government (two ST-25 Freighters for parachute training delivered in 1937)
{{UK}}
  • Crilly Airways
  • Royal Aircraft Establishment (two Jubilees used for radio development)
  • Royal Air Force (impressed civil aircraft used during the second world war)

Specifications (Monospar ST-25 Jubilee)

{{Aircraft specs
|ref=Jackson, 1973
|prime units?=imp


|crew=one
|length m=8.03
|span m=12.24
|height m=2.39
|wing area sqft=217
|empty weight lb=1,680
|gross weight lb=2,875


|eng1 number=2
|eng1 name=Pobjoy Niagara II
|eng1 type=7-cyl. air-cooled radial piston engine
|eng1 hp=90


|max speed mph=142
|range miles=585
|ceiling ft=16,000
|climb rate ftmin=800
}}

See also

  • General Aircraft ST-18 Croydon

References

Citations

1. ^Howson, 1990
2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 Jackson 1973, pp. 215–220
3. ^PIET VAN ASCH – New Zealand's Aerial Mapping Pioneer at wings.net.nz {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130209215109/http://www.wings.net.nz/oldwings/aerialmap.html |date=9 February 2013 }}
4. ^Ogden (2009)
5. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20090107194501/http://www.jaapteeuwen.com/ww2aircraft/html%20pages/GENERAL%20AIRCRAFT%20MONOSPAR%20ST-25.htm General Aircraft Monopar ST-25] – British Aircraft of World War II accessed 1 July 2017]
6. ^{{cite web|title = Les Nakajima Ki-43 « Oscar » dans l’Armée de l’Air, une fausse bonne idée |language = fr|url = http://www.avionslegendaires.net/dossier/recits/nakajima-ki-43-oscar-larmee-de-lair-fausse-bonne-idee/|date = 21 February 2016}}
7. ^{{cite web|url = http://www.geschiedeniszeeland.nl/tab_themas/themas/luchtvaart/rond_vliegveld/|language = nl|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140225090851/http://www.geschiedeniszeeland.nl/tab_themas/themas/luchtvaart/rond_vliegveld/|archive-date = 25 February 2014|title = Rond vliegveld}}

Bibliography

{{commons category|General Aircraft Monospar}}
  • Howson, Gerald. 1990. Aircraft of the Spanish Civil War 1936–39. Putnam {{ISBN|978-0-85177-842-6}}
  • Jackson, A.J. (1973). British Civil Aircraft since 1919, Volume 2. Putnam. pp. 215–220, 519–521 {{ISBN|0-370-10010-7}}
  • Lumsden, Alec; Heffernan, Terry. Probe Probare, Aeroplane Monthly, February 1984
  • Ogden, Bob (2009). Aviation Museums and Collections of Mainland Europe. Air-Britain. {{ISBN|978-0-85130-418-2}}
  • Stroud, John. Wings of Peace, Aeroplane Monthly, April 1988
{{GAL aircraft}}

5 : British civil utility aircraft 1930–1939|General Aircraft Limited aircraft|Twin-engined tractor aircraft|Low-wing aircraft|Aircraft first flown in 1935
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